RAM
CPU
Motherboard
Keyboard
Printer
Console
Network
CD-ROM
USB
Routers maintain their routing tables and ensure that other routers know of changes in the network
Routers use the routing table to determine where to forward packets
Routers strengthen the signal over large distances in a network
Routers create larger collision domains
Routers use ICMP to communicate network information from their own routing table with other routers
Routers evaluate the available paths to a destination
The routing process uses metrics and administrative distances when evaluating network paths
Dynamic routing occurs when the network admin configures information on each router
Dynamic routing when the information is learned using routing information that is obtained from routing protocols
A default route holds an explicit route to every network
The routing table holds multiple entries per network
IP address
MAC address
Routing table
Routing protocol
Routing provide an ordered list of known network addresses
Routing tables are maintained through the transmission of MAC addresses
Routing tables contain metrics that are used to determine the disirability of the route
Routing table associations tell a router that a particular destination is either directly connected to the router or that it can be reached via another router (the next hop router) on the wat to the final destination
When a router recieves an incoming packet, it uses the source address and searches the routing table to find the best path for the data from that source
Routing tables are used to compare which routing protocols allow reaching the destination network
Hop count
Bandwith
Delay
Packet length
Distance
Quantity
RIP was developed by Cisco to address the issues that are associated with routing in medium-sized LAN's
Examples of this protocol include RIP
This protocol determines the direction (vector) and distance (hop count) to any network in the internetwork
A router needs to know the entire path to every network segment
This process is also known as "routing by rumor"
Routers that are running the distance vector routing protocol send periodic updates only when there are changes in the network
The link-state database is used to calculate the paths with the highest bandwidths on the network
Link-State routing protocols respond quickly to network changes
In link-state routing protocols, each router periodically sends messages to the network, listing the routers to which it is directly connected and also information about whether the link to each router is active
LS routing protocols send periodic updates (LS refreshes) at long time intervals, approx once every 30 mins
In LS routing protocols, every router tries to build it's own internal map of the network topology
LS routing protocols send periodic detailed routing tables eeven tho network changes have occurred
Base-10 system
Decimal system
Numeric system
Binary system
32-bit binary numbers
16-bit decimal numbers
8-bit binary numbers
Eight sets of 4-bit decimal numbers
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
58
60
62
66
253
254
255
256
2
4
6
8
Mask and host bits
Host and network bits
Host and subnet bits
Network and subnet bits
Sends the packet back to the sender
Passes the packet to the next router in the hierarchy
Adds that number to its table
Discards the packet
255.255.0.0
255.255.255.254
255.128.0.0
255.0.0.0
11111111.00000000.00000000.00000000
11111111.11111111.010000000.00000000
11111111.11111111.11111111.000000000
255.255.224.0
172.17.128.47
172.17.128
172.17
10.172.47
Subtract the value of subnets that you need from the host portion
Add the bit values from the right to the left until the total (decimal value) is just greatere than the number of subnets that you need
Add the bit values from left to right until the total (decimal value) is just greater thatn the number of subnets that you need
Subtract the number of subnets that you need from the network portion
Presst he reset button
Turn the power switch to on
Connect the fiber cable to another router
Attach the power cable plug to the router power supply socket
Cisco IOS software debug messages
The diagnostic console menu
Cisco IOS software output text
A graphical picture showing the real time status of the LED
To display the current router config
To complete hardware and interface testing
To bring up a minimal feature config
To fully configure a Cisco router for IP routing
Wait!
Here's an interesting quiz for you.