Cardiovascular
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- 1.Pulmonary circulation has lower pressure and lower resistance when compared to systemic circulation
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 2.The plateau of a cardiac action potential is due to
- A.
Inward flow of calcium
- B.
Outward flow of calcium
- C.
Inward flow of potassium
- D.
Outward flow of potassium
- 3.Action potentials in the heart follow which of the following paths1. AV node ---> SA node ---> Bundle of HIS ----> Purkinje fibers ------------2. Purkinje fibers ---> Bundle of HIS ---> SA node ---> AV node -------------3. SA node --> AV node --> Bundle of HIS ---> Purkinje fibers ---------------4. SA node --> Bundle of HIS --> AV node ---> Purkinje fibers ----------------
- A.
1
- B.
2
- C.
3
- D.
4
- 4.Atrial depolarization begins at the
- A.
SA node
- B.
AV node
- C.
Bundle of HIS
- D.
Purkinje Fibers
- 5.Out of the 6 precordial chest lead positions, only one of them is on the right side of the heart.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 6.Conduction velocity in the heart
- A.
Is fastest in AV node
- B.
Is faster in the Bundle of His than in the Purkinje Fibers
- C.
Is faster in the AV node than in the Bundle of His
- D.
Is faster in the Purkinje fiber system than in the AV node
- 7.A cardiac ECG wave segment is the same as an interval
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 8.Ventricular depolarization spreads from ________ to _________ and would be located at the _____ segment of an ECG/EKG
- A.
Epicardial surface, endocardial surface, QRS complex
- B.
Endocardial surface, epicardial surface, QRS complex
- C.
Endocardial surface, epicardial surface, PR interval
- D.
Epicardial surface, endocardial surface, PR interval
- 9.A heart attack would best be detected at the _____ portion on an ECG
- A.
QRS complex
- B.
PR interval
- C.
ST segment
- D.
P segment
- 10.During isovolumetric contraction and isovolumetric relaxation
- A.
All valves are closed
- B.
All valves are open
- C.
AV valves are closed but semilunar are open
- D.
AV valves are open but semilunar are closed
- 11.The first heart sound (Lub) corresponds to
- A.
Opening of the AV valves
- B.
Closure of the Semilunar valves
- C.
Closure of the AV valves
- D.
Opening of the Semilunar valves
- 12.A patients end diastolic volume (EDV) is 120 ml and their end systolic volume is 50 ml, what is the patients stroke volume (SV) and cardiac output (CO) if they have a heart rate of 65 bpm
- A.
SV = 70 ml, CO = 4.55 L/min
- B.
SV = 70ml, CO = 45.5 L/min
- C.
SV = 60 ml, CO = 6.5 L/min
- D.
SV = 50ml, CO = 3.25 L/min
- 13.If a doctor places his stethoscope at the level of the 2nd intercostal space (on both the right and left side of the sternum), what sound is he trying to hear most clearly?
- A.
Closure of the semilunar valves
- B.
Closure of the AV valves
- C.
Closure of the bicuspid valve
- D.
Opening of the semilunar valves
- 14.The SA node's auto rhythmic rate of firing would give us a heart rate of 100 bpm. The reason the average resting heart rate is lower than this (around 72 bpm) is due to
- A.
A positive dromotropic effect
- B.
A positive chronotropic effect
- C.
Increased Parasympathetic input
- D.
Increased Sympathetic input
- 15.A positive dromotropic effect would
- A.
Increase conduction velocity through AV node
- B.
Decrease conduction velocity through AV node
- C.
Increase heart rate
- D.
Decrease heart rate
- 16.Heart rate decreases as we age
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 17.Which of the following would increase stroke volume? (Select 3)
- A.
Increased preload
- B.
Increased contractility of the heart
- C.
Increased afterload
- D.
Decreased afterload
- E.
Decreased preload
- 18.A lower ventricular end diastolic volume will create a greater stroke volume (all other things held constant)
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 19.An increase in NE will result in
- A.
Larger ejection fraction
- B.
Smaller ejection fraction
- C.
Larger EDV (end diastolic volume)
- D.
Decreased myocardial contraction
- 20.A heart murmur heard in systole could be (Select 2)
- A.
Aortic Stenosis
- B.
Mitral Regurgitation
- C.
Mitral Stenosis
- D.
Aortic Regurgitation
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