The Cardiovascular System 7: The Vascular System 1

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| By Dmclover73

Dmclover73

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Quizzes Created: 14 | Total Attempts: 4,643

Questions: 16 | Attempts: 162 | Updated: Mar 21, 2023

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I created these quizzes to help me study for my A&P exams. This quiz is the first of three dealing with the vascular system and covers arteries.

Questions and Answers

1.

_______ are thick-walled blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart to the body tissues under relatively high blood pressure
- A.
  
  Veins
- B.
  
  Arteries
- C.
  
  Capillaries
- D.
  
  Venules
- E.
  
  Arterioles
Correct Answer
B. Arteries

Explanation
Arteries are thick-walled blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart to the body tissues under relatively high blood pressure. They have strong and elastic walls that allow them to withstand the pressure generated by the pumping of the heart. Arteries are responsible for delivering oxygenated blood to the tissues and organs throughout the body.

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2.

All arteries in the adult except for the ____________ carry oxygenated blood.

Correct Answer
pulmonary arteries

Explanation
The pulmonary arteries are the only arteries in the adult body that carry deoxygenated blood. All other arteries carry oxygenated blood.

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3.

Arteries consist of three distinc layers of tissues. These are the _________, the _________ and the __________.

Correct Answer
tunica interna, tunica media, tunica externa
tunica intima, tunica media, tunica externa

Explanation
Arteries consist of three distinct layers of tissues. These layers are known as the tunica interna, tunica media, and tunica externa. The tunica interna is the innermost layer, also referred to as the tunica intima. It is composed of endothelial cells and a thin layer of connective tissue. The tunica media is the middle layer, consisting of smooth muscle cells and elastic fibers. It provides support and helps regulate blood flow. The tunica externa is the outermost layer, made up of connective tissue and collagen fibers. It provides structural support and protection to the artery.

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4.

Which is the only tunic that is present in all types of blood vessels?
- A.
  
  Tunica externa
- B.
  
  Tunica media
- C.
  
  Tunica interna
- D.
  
  Elastic lamina
- E.
  
  No tunic is present in all types of blood vessels
Correct Answer
C. Tunica interna

Explanation
The tunica interna is the correct answer because it is the only tunic that is present in all types of blood vessels. The tunica interna, also known as the intima, is the innermost layer of blood vessels and is composed of endothelial cells. It is found in all types of blood vessels, including arteries, veins, and capillaries. The tunica externa and tunica media are present in some blood vessels but not all, while the elastic lamina is a specific layer found in arteries. Therefore, the tunica interna is the only tunic that is consistently present in all types of blood vessels.

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5.

The ________ is composed of simple squamous epithelium called __________ that rests on a basement membrane that contains both ____ and ______ fibers. It is an extension of the ________ lining of the heart. It's extreme smoothness prevents abnormal _______ and the ______ cells also secrete biochemicals that inhibit platelet _________.

Correct Answer
tunica interna, endothelium, elastic, collagenous, enodcardial, blood clotting, endothelial, aggregation

Explanation
The tunica interna is composed of a simple squamous epithelium called endothelium that rests on a basement membrane containing both elastic and collagenous fibers. It is an extension of the endocardial lining of the heart. Its extreme smoothness prevents abnormal blood clotting, and the endothelial cells also secrete biochemicals that inhibit platelet aggregation.

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6.

The ____________ separates the tunica intima from the tunica media and is only found in _______. It is composed of ________.

Correct Answer
internal elastic lamina, arteries, elastin

Explanation
The internal elastic lamina is a layer that separates the tunica intima from the tunica media in arteries. It is only found in arteries and is composed of elastin, a protein that provides elasticity and strength to the arterial walls. This layer helps maintain the structure and function of the arteries, allowing them to expand and contract with the flow of blood.

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7.

______ are gaps that allow substances to diffuse to nourish the underlying cells. This gives the internal elastic lamina its ________ appearance.

Correct Answer
Fenestrae, crinkled

Explanation
Fenestrae are gaps that allow substances to diffuse to nourish the underlying cells. This gives the internal elastic lamina its crinkled appearance.

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8.

The ________ is the lickest layer in large arteries and contains several lays of _______ fibers. It consists of _____ muscle fibers and a thick layer of __________.

Correct Answer
tunica media, elastic, smooth, elastic CT

Explanation
The tunica media is the middle layer in large arteries and is responsible for maintaining the elasticity and strength of the arteries. It contains several layers of elastic fibers, which allow the arteries to stretch and recoil with each heartbeat. Additionally, the tunica media consists of smooth muscle fibers that help regulate the diameter of the arteries and control blood flow. It also has a thick layer of elastic connective tissue, which further contributes to the elasticity of the arteries.

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9.

The ________ is the outer wall of the artery and relatively _____ in these vessels. It consists mainly of _____ and ______ fibers. ________ attach and anchor the vessel to surrounding tissue.

Correct Answer
tunica externa, thin, elastic collagen, CT fibers

Explanation
The correct answer is "tunica externa, thin, elastic collagen, CT fibers". The tunica externa refers to the outer wall of the artery, which is relatively thin in these vessels. It mainly consists of elastic collagen and connective tissue fibers. These fibers attach and anchor the vessel to surrounding tissue.

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10.

The tunica externa contains minute vessels that give rise to _____ and provide a ________ to the more external cells of the arterial wall. These vessels are known as ________ which means vessels of vessels.

Correct Answer
capillaries, blood supply, vasa vasorum

Explanation
The tunica externa contains minute vessels called capillaries, which give rise to blood supply and provide a pathway to the more external cells of the arterial wall. These vessels are known as vasa vasorum, which means vessels of vessels.

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11.

The ________ of arteries permits passive changes in the vessel diameter in response to changes in __________. This enables the arteries to withstand the force of the _____ and also stretch to accommodate the sudden ______ in blood volume that accompanies each _________.

Correct Answer
elacticity, blood pressure, blood pressure increase, ventricular contraction

Explanation
The elasticity of arteries allows them to passively change their diameter in response to changes in blood pressure. This enables the arteries to withstand the force of the blood and also stretch to accommodate the sudden increase in blood volume that accompanies each ventricular contraction.

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12.

________ gives arteries the ability to change in diameter actively under the control of the _______ division of the __________. Specifically, the smooth muscle of the ______ is innervated by the ____________.

Correct Answer
Contractility, sympathetic, autonomic nervous system, tunica media, sympathetic nervous system

Explanation
The term "contractility" refers to the ability of arteries to actively change their diameter. This process is controlled by the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system. Specifically, the smooth muscle of the tunica media layer of arteries is innervated by the sympathetic nervous system.

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13.

When stimulated, arterial smooth muscles contract and this ______ the diameter of the blood vessel. This is referred to as ____________.

Correct Answer
reduces, vasoconstriction

Explanation
When arterial smooth muscles are stimulated, they contract, causing a reduction in the diameter of the blood vessel. This process is known as vasoconstriction.

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14.

When sympathetic input is inhibited, the smooth muscle fibers relax and the diameter ______. This is referred to as _____________.

Correct Answer
increases, vasodilation

Explanation
When sympathetic input is inhibited, it means that the sympathetic nervous system, which is responsible for the "fight or flight" response, is not activated. In this state, the smooth muscle fibers in the blood vessels relax, causing the diameter of the blood vessels to increase. This increase in diameter is known as vasodilation, which allows for increased blood flow and decreased blood pressure.

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15.

Small arterial branches that deliver blood to a capillary network are called ___________. These vessels are ________ in size and their structures resemble that of the large arteries, but as they approach the capillaries their walls become ______ and _______.

Correct Answer
arterioles, microscopic, thinner, thinner

Explanation
Arterioles are small arterial branches that deliver blood to a capillary network. These vessels are microscopic in size and their structures resemble that of the large arteries. However, as they approach the capillaries, their walls become thinner and thinner.

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16.

The smaller arterioles that lead to the capillaries consist of their ______ surrounded by only a single layer of __________.

Correct Answer
endothelium, smooth muscle fibers

Explanation
The smaller arterioles that lead to the capillaries consist of their endothelium surrounded by only a single layer of smooth muscle fibers. This arrangement allows for precise control of blood flow and regulation of blood pressure. The endothelium acts as a barrier between the blood and the surrounding tissue, while the smooth muscle fibers can contract or relax to adjust the diameter of the arterioles, thereby controlling the amount of blood flow to the capillaries.

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Current Version
Mar 21, 2023

Quiz Edited by
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Jan 30, 2010

Quiz Created by
Dmclover73

The Cardiovascular System 7: The Vascular System 1

_______ are thick-walled blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart to the body tissues under relatively high blood pressure

All arteries in the adult except for the ____________ carry oxygenated blood.

Arteries consist of three distinc layers of tissues. These are the _____, the _ and the ______.

Which is the only tunic that is present in all types of blood vessels?

The is composed of simple squamous epithelium called that rests on a basement membrane that contains both and fibers. It is an extension of the lining of the heart. It's extreme smoothness prevents abnormal _ and the cells also secrete biochemicals that inhibit platelet _____.

The ________ separates the tunica intima from the tunica media and is only found in _. It is composed of ______.

are gaps that allow substances to diffuse to nourish the underlying cells. This gives the internal elastic lamina its __ appearance.

The ____ is the lickest layer in large arteries and contains several lays of _ fibers. It consists of _ muscle fibers and a thick layer of ________.

The ______ is the outer wall of the artery and relatively _ in these vessels. It consists mainly of _ and fibers. ____ attach and anchor the vessel to surrounding tissue.

The tunica externa contains minute vessels that give rise to _ and provide a to the more external cells of the arterial wall. These vessels are known as ____ which means vessels of vessels.

The of arteries permits passive changes in the vessel diameter in response to changes in . This enables the arteries to withstand the force of the _ and also stretch to accommodate the sudden in blood volume that accompanies each _____.

____ gives arteries the ability to change in diameter actively under the control of the _ division of the . Specifically, the smooth muscle of the is innervated by the ______.

When stimulated, arterial smooth muscles contract and this the diameter of the blood vessel. This is referred to as ______.

When sympathetic input is inhibited, the smooth muscle fibers relax and the diameter . This is referred to as _______.

Small arterial branches that deliver blood to a capillary network are called ___. These vessels are in size and their structures resemble that of the large arteries, but as they approach the capillaries their walls become and _.

The smaller arterioles that lead to the capillaries consist of their surrounded by only a single layer of ____.

The Cardiovascular System 7: The Vascular System 1

_______ are thick-walled blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart to the body tissues under relatively high blood pressure

All arteries in the adult except for the ____________ carry oxygenated blood.

Arteries consist of three distinc layers of tissues. These are the _________, the _________ and the __________.

Which is the only tunic that is present in all types of blood vessels?

The ____________ separates the tunica intima from the tunica media and is only found in _______. It is composed of ________.

______ are gaps that allow substances to diffuse to nourish the underlying cells. This gives the internal elastic lamina its ________ appearance.

The ________ is the lickest layer in large arteries and contains several lays of _______ fibers. It consists of _____ muscle fibers and a thick layer of __________.

The ________ is the outer wall of the artery and relatively _____ in these vessels. It consists mainly of _____ and ______ fibers. ________ attach and anchor the vessel to surrounding tissue.

The tunica externa contains minute vessels that give rise to _____ and provide a ________ to the more external cells of the arterial wall. These vessels are known as ________ which means vessels of vessels.

The ________ of arteries permits passive changes in the vessel diameter in response to changes in __________. This enables the arteries to withstand the force of the _____ and also stretch to accommodate the sudden ______ in blood volume that accompanies each _________.

________ gives arteries the ability to change in diameter actively under the control of the _______ division of the __________. Specifically, the smooth muscle of the ______ is innervated by the ____________.

When stimulated, arterial smooth muscles contract and this ______ the diameter of the blood vessel. This is referred to as ____________.

When sympathetic input is inhibited, the smooth muscle fibers relax and the diameter ______. This is referred to as _____________.

Small arterial branches that deliver blood to a capillary network are called ___________. These vessels are ________ in size and their structures resemble that of the large arteries, but as they approach the capillaries their walls become ______ and _______.

The smaller arterioles that lead to the capillaries consist of their ______ surrounded by only a single layer of __________.

Arteries consist of three distinc layers of tissues. These are the _____, the _ and the ______.

The ________ separates the tunica intima from the tunica media and is only found in _. It is composed of ______.

are gaps that allow substances to diffuse to nourish the underlying cells. This gives the internal elastic lamina its __ appearance.

The ____ is the lickest layer in large arteries and contains several lays of _ fibers. It consists of _ muscle fibers and a thick layer of ________.

The ______ is the outer wall of the artery and relatively _ in these vessels. It consists mainly of _ and fibers. ____ attach and anchor the vessel to surrounding tissue.

The tunica externa contains minute vessels that give rise to _ and provide a to the more external cells of the arterial wall. These vessels are known as ____ which means vessels of vessels.

The of arteries permits passive changes in the vessel diameter in response to changes in . This enables the arteries to withstand the force of the _ and also stretch to accommodate the sudden in blood volume that accompanies each _____.

____ gives arteries the ability to change in diameter actively under the control of the _ division of the . Specifically, the smooth muscle of the is innervated by the ______.

When stimulated, arterial smooth muscles contract and this the diameter of the blood vessel. This is referred to as ______.

When sympathetic input is inhibited, the smooth muscle fibers relax and the diameter . This is referred to as _______.

Small arterial branches that deliver blood to a capillary network are called ___. These vessels are in size and their structures resemble that of the large arteries, but as they approach the capillaries their walls become and _.

The smaller arterioles that lead to the capillaries consist of their surrounded by only a single layer of ____.