Quiz For Nursing Cardiac Test

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The correct answer is 0.12 s and is ventricular depolarization. The QRS complex on an ECG represents the depolarization of the ventricles, which is the electrical activation that leads to the contraction of the ventricles. The QRS complex typically lasts between 0.06 to 0.12 seconds, with 0.12 seconds being the upper limit of normal. Therefore, a normal QRS complex is 0.12 seconds long and represents ventricular depolarization.

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Amiodarone is a medication used to treat irregular heartbeats, also known as arrhythmias. It works by slowing down the electrical signals in the heart, which helps to regulate the heartbeat and restore a normal rhythm. Therefore, the correct answer "Slows things down" accurately describes the effect of amiodarone on the heart's electrical activity.

Digoxin is a medication that is used to treat various heart conditions. It works by slowing down the heart rate, increasing the strength of contractions, and reducing the rate at which electrical impulses are conducted through the heart. This helps to improve symptoms of conditions such as atrial fibrillation and congestive heart failure. By slowing the heart rate, increasing contractility, and slowing the ventricular rate, Digoxin can help to improve overall heart function and reduce symptoms associated with certain heart conditions.

Pulseless Electrical Activity refers to a situation where there is no pulse, no perfusion, and the heart is not pumping. This means that although there may be adequate electrical conduction through the heart, it is not effectively pumping blood throughout the body. This can lead to a lack of blood flow to vital organs, resulting in a life-threatening condition.

Atropine Sulfate is the first drug of choice for controlling bradycardia. Bradycardia is a condition characterized by a slow heart rate, typically less than 60 beats per minute. Atropine acts by blocking the effects of the vagus nerve, which slows down the heart rate. By blocking the vagus nerve, atropine increases the heart rate, making it an effective treatment for bradycardia.

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Diltiazem is a calcium channel blocker that is commonly used to slow down the heart rate and control the rhythm in patients with atrial fibrillation. It works by blocking the calcium channels in the heart, which helps to relax and widen the blood vessels, and also reduces the electrical conduction within the heart. This helps to slow down the heart rate and restore a normal rhythm in patients with atrial fibrillation. Therefore, diltiazem is given for slowing down atrial fibrillation.

Ace inhibitors are a class of medications commonly used as the first line of defense in stable supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). They work by decreasing both preload and afterload, which helps to reduce the workload on the heart and improve its efficiency. Additionally, ace inhibitors have been shown to prevent remodeling of the heart after a myocardial infarction (MI). Remodeling refers to the structural changes that occur in the heart following an MI, and it can lead to further complications. Therefore, by inhibiting remodeling, ace inhibitors can help to preserve the function of the heart after an MI.

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Amiodarone is a medication that is commonly used to treat unstable ventricular tachycardia. Ventricular tachycardia is a condition characterized by a rapid heart rate originating from the ventricles of the heart. When the ventricular tachycardia becomes unstable, meaning it is causing symptoms or hemodynamic instability, immediate treatment is required. Amiodarone is an antiarrhythmic medication that helps to restore a normal heart rhythm and stabilize the patient. It works by blocking certain electrical signals in the heart, which helps to control the heart rate and rhythm. Therefore, the correct answer is Unstable Ventricular Tachycardia.

Adenosine is a medication used to treat certain types of abnormal heart rhythms, including atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation, and ventricular tachycardia. However, it is not commonly used to treat stable supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). SVT refers to a rapid heart rate originating from the upper chambers of the heart. While adenosine may be effective in converting other types of arrhythmias, it is not typically used for stable SVT.

Dobutamine is a medication commonly used to treat heart failure and improve cardiac output. It works by stimulating beta-1 adrenergic receptors in the heart, which leads to an increase in heart rate and contractility. This increased cardiac output can result in an elevation in blood pressure (B/P). Therefore, the correct answer is that Dobutamine increases B/P.

Adenosine is given when there is a regular stable SVT. Adenosine is a medication used to treat supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), which is a rapid heart rate originating from the upper chambers of the heart. It works by slowing down the electrical conduction in the heart, thus interrupting the abnormal rhythm and restoring a normal heart rate. Therefore, it is the appropriate treatment for regular stable SVT.

The correct answer is "The Atrias are depolarizing." During the PRI interval, the atria are in the process of depolarization, which leads to atrial contraction. This is followed by the QRS complex, during which the ventricles depolarize and contract. Therefore, the statement "The Atrias are depolarizing" accurately describes the electrical activity occurring during the PRI interval.

Lidocaine is an alternative to amiodarone because both medications are antiarrhythmic drugs used to treat abnormal heart rhythms. They work by stabilizing the electrical activity in the heart and preventing irregular heartbeats. Lidocaine is often used as a first-line treatment for ventricular arrhythmias, while amiodarone is typically used for more severe or resistant cases. Therefore, lidocaine can be considered as a suitable alternative to amiodarone in certain situations.

Beta-blockers are given after a myocardial infarction (MI) to slow down the heart rate, control blood pressure, and act as an adjunct to fibrinolytic drugs. Slowing down the heart rate helps to reduce the workload on the heart and improve oxygen supply to the myocardium. Controlling blood pressure is important to prevent further damage to the heart and other organs. Beta-blockers also act as an adjunct to fibrinolytic drugs, which are used to dissolve blood clots and restore blood flow to the heart. This combination therapy helps to improve outcomes and prevent complications post MI.

Epinephrine is a hormone that acts as a stimulant, increasing the heart rate and blood pressure. It is commonly used in emergency situations to treat cardiac arrest or severe allergic reactions. However, it does not work on atrial fibrillation (A fib), which is a type of irregular heartbeat originating in the atria of the heart. Therefore, epinephrine can speed up the heart rate in the body and work on all but A fib.

Nitropresside drops blood pressure very quickly and is given in hypertensive crisis.

The given answer, 0.16, is the correct answer because it falls within the range of the other options and is a common value for a normal PRI (Primary Rate Interface).

Verapamil was replaced with adenosine to terminate SVT. Adenosine is commonly used in the treatment of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), a condition characterized by rapid heartbeats originating in the upper chambers of the heart. Verapamil, another medication, may also be used to treat SVT, but in this case, it was replaced with adenosine for termination of the condition.

Vasopressin is an alternative to epinephrine and is often helpful in treating PEA (Pulseless Electrical Activity). PEA is a condition where there is no detectable pulse despite the presence of electrical activity in the heart. Epinephrine is a medication commonly used in cardiac arrest situations to increase blood pressure and improve circulation. However, in some cases where epinephrine is ineffective, vasopressin can be used as an alternative. Vasopressin works by constricting blood vessels, which helps to increase blood pressure and improve blood flow. Therefore, vasopressin can be a useful alternative to epinephrine in treating PEA.

Dopamine is a second drug to treat bradycardia, which is a condition characterized by a slow heart rate. It increases blood pressure, helping to normalize it in patients with bradycardia. However, dopamine can be damaging to the kidneys, especially when used in high doses or for prolonged periods of time.

Defibrillation is a medical procedure used to treat life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias, such as ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia. These conditions occur when the heart's electrical signals become chaotic, causing the heart to beat irregularly and inefficiently. Defibrillation delivers an electric shock to the heart, resetting its electrical activity and allowing it to resume a normal rhythm. The energy level used for defibrillation is typically set at 360 J, which is considered sufficient to effectively restore the heart's normal electrical activity.

Cardioversion is different from defibrillation because it must be synchronized with the R wave. This means that cardioversion is timed to deliver an electrical shock during a specific phase of the cardiac cycle, specifically during the R wave of the QRS complex on an electrocardiogram (ECG). This synchronization helps to minimize the risk of inducing ventricular fibrillation and allows for a more controlled and effective restoration of normal heart rhythm. Defibrillation, on the other hand, does not require synchronization and can be delivered at any point in the cardiac cycle.

The normal PRI interval is typically between 0.12 and 0.20. This refers to the time duration between the start of the P wave (atrial depolarization) and the start of the QRS complex (ventricular depolarization) on an electrocardiogram (ECG). This range is considered normal and indicates normal conduction of electrical impulses through the heart.

Magnesium sulfate is given for suspected hypomagnesia, V tach, and Torsades de Pointes. V tach and Torsades de Pointes are both types of abnormal heart rhythms that can be caused by low levels of magnesium in the body. Magnesium sulfate helps to restore normal levels of magnesium, which can help to stabilize the heart rhythm and prevent further complications.

The correct answer is a list of different joule settings for cardioversion. The question is asking for the specific joule settings that are used for cardioversion. The answer provides a list of four different settings: 100 J, 200 J, 300 J, and 360 J. These settings represent the different levels of energy that can be used during cardioversion to restore a normal heart rhythm.

A normal Q-T interval is typically measured to be between .36 and .44. This range represents the time duration between the start of the Q wave and the end of the T wave on an electrocardiogram (ECG). The Q-T interval is an important measurement to assess the electrical activity of the heart and can indicate any abnormalities or potential heart conditions.

The given answer states that the rate can be calculated by dividing 300 by the number of large boxes. This suggests that the rate is determined by the ratio of 300 to the number of large boxes. The larger the number of large boxes, the smaller the rate will be, and vice versa.

This equation calculates the rate by dividing 1500 by the number of small boxes. The rate is the result of this division.