Cadiac/Respiratory Emergencies

1. At the onset of an acute asthma attack patient's commonly experience difficulty breathing and:

Audible strider.

Rales and rhonchi.

Profound cyanosis

Expiratory wheezing

2. Nitroglycerin should NOT be administered to a patient who:

Has chest discomfort that is unrelieved by rest.

Took a maximum of two doses prior to EMS arrival

Has a systolic blood pressure of less than 100 mm Hg.

Has a history of medication-controlled hypertension.

3. When auscultating the lungs of a patient with respiratory distress you hear adventitious sounds. This means that the patient has:

Normal breath sounds.

Abnormal breath sounds.

Disminished breath sounds.

An absense of breath sounds.

4. Which of the following conditions would be the LEAST likely to result in hypoxia?

Pleural effusion.

Abdominal pain.

Pulmonary edema

Lower airway infection

5. You are assisting an asthma patient with his prescribed inhaler.After the patient takes a deep breath and depresses the hand held inhaler you should:

Instruct him to hold his breath for as long as he comfortably can.

Immediately reapply the oxygen mask and reassess his condition.

Advise him to exhale forcefully to ensure medication absorption.

Allow him to breath room air and assess his oxygen saturation.

6. Which of the following represents the MOST appropriate method of assisting a patient with his or her prescribed nitroglycerin tablet or spray?

Encourage to the patient to chew the tablet to increase it's effectivness

Wait 15 minutes and reassess the BP prior to administering another dose

Administer the medication sublingually and allow it to dissolve or absorb

Place the medication under the tongue and have the patient swallow it

7. The two processes that occur during respiration are:

Inspiration and expiration

Ventilation and diffusion

Diffusion and oxygen oxygenation

Oxygenation and ventilation

8. Harsh high pitched inspiratory sounds are MOST characteristic of:

Wheezing

Rhonchi

Rales

Stridor

9. A conscious and alert 29-year old female with a history of asthuma complains of difficulty breathing that began after her morning jog.The temperature outside is 40 degrees.On exam you hear bilateral wheezing.After providing 100% oxygen you should.

Place her in a recumbent position to facilitate breathing.

Contact medical control and administer an antihistamine.

Determine if she has been prescribed a beta-agonist inhaler.

Call medical control and ask how to proceed with treatment.

10. After the AED has delivered a shock the EMT-B Should:

Assess for a carotid pulse

Immediately resume CPR

Reanalyze the cardiac rhythm

Transport the patient at once

11. The purpose of defibrillation is to:

Improve the chance of CPR being successful in resuscitation.

Cause a rapid decrease in the heart rate of an unstable patient.

Stop the chaotic disorganized contraction of the cardiac cells.

Prevent asystole from deteriorating into ventricular fibrillation.

12. Patients with cardiac compromise MOST commonly experience syncope as a result of:

A cardiac arrhythima.

Acute pulmonary edema.

Increased cardiac output.

The associated severe pain.

13. The main legal risk in using the AED is:

Not assessing for a pulse after a shock is delivered.

Negligence of the part of the manufacturer.

Failing to deliver a shock when one was needed.

Failure of the AED's internal computer chip

14. A 60 year old male presents with acute respiratory distress.He is conscious and alert,has pink ans dry skin and respiratory of 24 breaths/min with adequate depth.Which of tha following treatment modalities is MOST appropiate for this patient?

Assisted ventilations with a BVM device and a rapid medical assessment.

Oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask and a focused history and physical exam.

Positive pressure ventilations and immediate transport to the closest hospital

Oxygen via a nasal cannula, vital signs, and prompt transport to the hospital

15. Albuterol is a generic name for:

Alupent

Proventil

Atrovent

Singulair

16. Angina pectoris occurs when:

A coronary artery is totally occluded by plaque.

One or more coronary arteries suddenly spasm.

Myocardial oxygen supply exceeds the demand

Myocardial oxygen demand exceeds the supply.

17. How many nitroglycerin doses is a patient told to take before calling EMS?

1

2

3

4

18. When treating a patient with chest pain you assume that he or she is having an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) because:

Angina usually occurs after a myocardial infarction.

Most patients with chest pain are experiencing an AM.

The cause of the pain cannot be diagnosed in the field.

Angina and a myocardial infarction presents identically.

19. You are dispatched to a convenience store for a possible cardiac arrest.Upon arriving at the scene you find two bystanders performing CPR on the patient a 48 year old male.Your initial action should be to:

Assess the effectiveness of the bystander's CPR

Quickly attach the AED and push the analyze button

Have the bystander's stop CPR and assess the patient

Request a ASL unit and quickly attach the AED

20. Your EMS team is performing CPR on a 60 year old man in cardiac arrest.You connect the AED push the analyze button and receive a No Shock advised message. Your MOST appropriate action should be:

Reanalyze the patient's cardiac rhythm

Perform CPR and transport immediately

Immediately assess the patient's airway

Determine if a palpable pause is present