Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Exam By Rnpedia

15 Questions | By Rnpedia | Last updated: Jun 30, 2015

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Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Exam By Rnpedia

Choose the letter of the correct answer. Goodluck. :-)

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Questions and Answers

1.

A male client suffers acute respiratory distress syndrome as a consequence of shock. The client’s condition deteriorates rapidly, and endotracheal (ET) intubation and mechanical ventilation are initiated. When the high-pressure alarm on the mechanical ventilator sounds, the nurse starts to check for the cause. Which condition triggers the high-pressure alarm?

Discuss
- A.
  
  Kinking of the ventilator tubing
- B.
  
  A disconnected ventilator tube
- C.
  
  An ET cuff leak
- D.
  
  A change in the oxygen concentration without resetting the oxygen level alarm
2.

A firefighter who was involved in extinguishing a house fire is being treated for smoke inhalation. He develops severe hypoxia 48 hours after the incident, requiring intubation and mechanical ventilation. Which of the following conditions has he most likely developed?

Discuss
- A.
  
  Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
- B.
  
  Atelectasis.
- C.
  
  Bronchitis.
- D.
  
  Pneumonia.
3.

A male client has been admitted with chest trauma after a motor vehicle accident and has undergone subsequent intubation. A nurse checks the client when the high-pressure alarm on the ventilator sounds, and notes that the client has absence of breathe sounds in right upper lobe of the lung. The nurse immediately assesses for other signs of:

Discuss
- A.
  
  Right pneumothorax
- B.
  
  Pulmonary embolism
- C.
  
  Displaced endotracheal tube
- D.
  
  Acute respiratory distress syndrome
4.

A nurse is assessing a female client with multiple trauma who is at risk for developing acute respiratory distress syndrome. The nurse assesses for which earliest sign of acute respiratory distress syndrome?

Discuss
- A.
  
  Bilateral wheezing
- B.
  
  Inspiratory crackles
- C.
  
  Intercostal retractions
- D.
  
  Increased respiratory rate
5.

A nurse is taking pulmonary artery catheter measurements of a male client with acute respiratory distress syndrome. The pulmonary capillary wedge pressure reading is 12mm Hg. The nurse interprets that this readings is:

Discuss
- A.
  
  High and expected
- B.
  
  Low and unexpected
- C.
  
  Normal and expected
- D.
  
  Uncertain and unexpected
6.

Which of the following would lead the nurse to suspect that a client with a fracture of the right femur may be developing a fat embolus?

Discuss
- A.
  
  Acute respiratory distress syndrome
- B.
  
  Migraine like headaches
- C.
  
  Numbness in the right leg
- D.
  
  Muscle spasms in the right thigh
7.

A black male client with asthma seeks emergency care for acute respiratory distress. Because of this client’s dark skin, the nurse should assess for cyanosis by inspecting the:

Discuss
- A.
  
  Lips.
- B.
  
  Mucous membranes.
- C.
  
  Nail beds.
- D.
  
  Earlobes.
8.

True or False: Management of ARDS are usually only supportive, there is little we can do to reverse the process.

Discuss
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
9.

CHECK ALL THAT APPLY: Which of the following are early s/sx of ARDS?

Discuss
- A.
  
  Retractions - not always (tissues between ribs and above sternum pull in)
- B.
  
  Dyspneic
- C.
  
  Non-productive cough
- D.
  
  Accessory muscle used
- E.
  
  Pallor or cyanosis
- F.
  
  Significant CXR changes; pulmonary infiltrates
- G.
  
  Restlessness
- H.
  
  CXR clear
- I.
  
  Respiratory alkalosis
- J.
  
  Respiratory acidosis
10.

During the Fibrotic Phase of ARDS, ____________________ .

Discuss
- A.
  
  Fluids shift into the alveoli, the alveoli and bronchii collapse, and lose lung compliance
- B.
  
  The lung starts to repair itself; this is where the patient starts to get better or the condition deteriorates.
- C.
  
  Fibrous tissue forms and lungs don't expand well; the effort to breathe increases O2 demand which causes more effort to breathe.
11.

During the Proliferative Phase of ARDS, ____________________ .

Discuss
- A.
  
  Fluids shift into the alveoli, the alveoli and bronchii collapse, and lose lung compliance
- B.
  
  The lung starts to repair itself; this is where the patient starts to get better or the condition deteriorates.
- C.
  
  Fibrous tissue forms and lungs don't expand well; the effort to breathe increases O2 demand which causes more effort to breathe.
12.

During the Acute Exudate Phase of ARDS, ____________________ .
- A.
  
  Fluids shift into the alveoli, the alveoli and bronchii collapse, and lose lung compliance
- B.
  
  The lung starts to repair itself; this is where the patient starts to get better or the condition deteriorates.
- C.
  
  Fibrous tissue forms and lungs don't expand well; the effort to breathe increases O2 demand which causes more effort to breathe.
13.

CHECK ALL THAT APPLY: Which of the following are the 5 characteristics of ARDS?

Discuss
- A.
  
  Dyspnea
- B.
  
  Myasthenia Gravis
- C.
  
  Refractory hypoxemia
- D.
  
  Cyanosis
- E.
  
  Dense pulmonary infiltrates on CXR
- F.
  
  Decreased pulmonary compliance
- G.
  
  Non-cardiac pulmonary edema
- H.
  
  Chest pain
14.

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) can be defined as _____________________________.
- A.
  
  Sudden life-threatening deterioration of gas exchange in the lungs
- B.
  
  Non-cardiac pulmonary edema with increasing hypoxemia despite treatment with O2
- C.
  
  Sudden life-threatening pulmonary edema that causes a deterioration of gas exchange despite treatment with O2
15.

CHECK ALL THAT APPLY: Which of the following are advanced s/sx of ARDS?

Discuss
- A.
  
  Retractions - though not always (tissues between ribs and above sternum pull in)
- B.
  
  Dyspneic
- C.
  
  Non-productive cough
- D.
  
  Accessory muscle used
- E.
  
  Pallor or cyanosis
- F.
  
  Significant CXR changes; pulmonary infiltrates
- G.
  
  Restlessness
- H.
  
  CXR clear
- I.
  
  Respiratory alkalosis
- J.
  
  Respiratory acidosis

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