Brain Bee Review Part 3
Questions and Answers
- 1.
The condition in which the neural tube fails to close is known as _________
- A.
Alzheimer diseases
- B.
Anencephaly
- C.
Parkinson's disease
- D.
Spina bifida
Correct Answer
D. Spina bifidaExplanation
Spina bifida is the correct answer because it is a condition where the neural tube, which forms the brain and spinal cord, fails to close properly during embryonic development. This can result in various degrees of physical and neurological disabilities. Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease are neurodegenerative disorders that are not related to the failure of neural tube closure. Anencephaly is a condition where the neural tube does not close at the head end, resulting in the absence of a major portion of the brain, but it is not the condition described in the question.Rate this question:
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- 2.
The short term memory capacity helps us to retain ___ items in working memory
- A.
6+/- 2
- B.
7+/- 2
- C.
8+/- 2
- D.
9+/- 2
Correct Answer
B. 7+/- 2Explanation
The correct answer is 7+/- 2. This is because the short-term memory capacity, also known as working memory capacity, refers to the number of items that can be held in our memory at any given time. The average capacity is believed to be around 7 items, give or take 2. This means that most people can retain between 5 to 9 items in their working memory.Rate this question:
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- 3.
The hormone that is released in response to stress, raises blood sugar and fatty acids level, turns off growth, digestion and inflammation is __________
- A.
Cortisol
- B.
Adrenaline
- C.
Adrenocorticotrophin
- D.
Norepinephrine
Correct Answer
A. CortisolExplanation
Cortisol is the correct answer because it is a hormone that is released in response to stress. It has several effects on the body, including raising blood sugar and fatty acids levels. It also turns off growth, digestion, and inflammation. Adrenaline and norepinephrine are also hormones released in response to stress, but they do not have the same specific effects as cortisol. Adrenocorticotrophin is a hormone that stimulates the release of cortisol, but it is not directly responsible for the effects mentioned in the question.Rate this question:
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- 4.
The following statements describe cytokines except ______________
- A.
Stimulate the immune system and the key components of inflammation
- B.
Act on the liver where they stimulate the acute phase proteins
- C.
They are produced in the body at all times at high levels
- D.
They are triggered by bacterial and viral products
Correct Answer
C. They are produced in the body at all times at high levelsExplanation
Cytokines are signaling molecules that stimulate the immune system and play a key role in inflammation. They act on the liver to stimulate the production of acute phase proteins. However, it is not true that cytokines are produced in the body at all times at high levels. The production of cytokines is tightly regulated and varies depending on the presence of specific triggers such as bacterial and viral products.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Rapid eye movement (REM) stage of sleep is the stage where we are more likely to dream.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
During the rapid eye movement (REM) stage of sleep, our brain activity increases and becomes similar to when we are awake. This is the stage where we experience vivid and memorable dreams. REM sleep is characterized by rapid eye movements, increased heart rate, and irregular breathing. Therefore, it is true that the REM stage of sleep is when we are more likely to dream.Rate this question:
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- 6.
On a daily basis, when do cortisol levels peak?
- A.
In the morning
- B.
In the early afternoon
- C.
In the evening
- D.
At midnight
Correct Answer
A. In the morningExplanation
Cortisol levels naturally peak in the morning. This is due to the body's internal clock, known as the circadian rhythm. Cortisol helps regulate various bodily functions, including metabolism, blood pressure, and the immune system. It is highest in the morning to help wake us up and provide energy for the day ahead. As the day progresses, cortisol levels gradually decrease, reaching their lowest point at night, which helps prepare the body for sleep.Rate this question:
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- 7.
The condition in which a person cannot remember previously learned information is called?
- A.
Anorexia
- B.
Amnesia
- C.
Aminosis
- D.
Anaesthesia
Correct Answer
B. AmnesiaExplanation
Amnesia is the correct answer because it refers to the condition in which a person is unable to remember previously learned information. It is a memory disorder that can be caused by various factors such as brain injury, illness, or psychological trauma. People with amnesia may have difficulty recalling past events, forming new memories, or both. This term is commonly used in the medical field to describe memory loss and is the most appropriate choice among the given options.Rate this question:
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- 8.
During the development of the nervous system, ___________
- A.
multiple nerve fibres initially go to each muscle, and then all but one is later eliminated by competition
- B.
Spina bifida results from a failure of the neural tube to close at the head end
- C.
The neural plate forms the spinal cord, but NOT the brain
- D.
the top part of the neural tube secretes Sonic hedgehog
Correct Answer
A. multiple nerve fibres initially go to each muscle, and then all but one is later eliminated by competitionExplanation
During the development of the nervous system, multiple nerve fibers initially go to each muscle, and then all but one is later eliminated by competition. This process is known as synaptic pruning and it helps to refine and strengthen the connections between nerve cells. The excess nerve fibers that are not needed are eliminated through a competitive process where the strongest and most efficient connections are maintained, while weaker connections are eliminated. This allows for more precise and efficient communication between nerve cells and muscles.Rate this question:
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- 9.
The neurodegenerative disease associated with abnormal involuntary movements of the body is called ______
- A.
Alzheimer disease
- B.
Stroke
- C.
Huntington's disease
- D.
Multiple sclerosis
Correct Answer
C. Huntington's diseaseExplanation
Huntington's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by abnormal involuntary movements of the body. It is a hereditary condition caused by a mutation in the HTT gene, leading to the progressive degeneration of nerve cells in the brain. Symptoms of Huntington's disease include chorea (involuntary jerking or writhing movements), as well as cognitive decline and psychiatric symptoms. There is currently no cure for Huntington's disease, and treatment focuses on managing symptoms and improving quality of life.Rate this question:
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- 10.
In Alzheimer's disease, the brain cells die, the cortex thins and the fluid filled spaces in the brain enlarge.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
In Alzheimer's disease, brain cells gradually die, leading to the thinning of the cortex, which is the outer layer of the brain responsible for memory, thinking, and reasoning. Additionally, the fluid-filled spaces in the brain, known as ventricles, tend to enlarge. These changes in the brain structure are characteristic of Alzheimer's disease and contribute to the cognitive decline and other symptoms associated with the condition.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Antidepressant drugs work by inhibiting the effects of neuromodulatory transmitters such as serotonin and noradrenaline.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Antidepressant drugs actually work by increasing the levels of neuromodulatory transmitters such as serotonin and noradrenaline. They do not inhibit the effects of these transmitters. Therefore, the correct answer is false.Rate this question:
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- 12.
We can completely stop inflmmation in multiple scelrosis by taking steroids.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Taking steroids can help reduce inflammation in multiple sclerosis, but it cannot completely stop it. Steroids are often prescribed as part of the treatment plan for multiple sclerosis to manage symptoms and reduce inflammation in the central nervous system. However, they do not provide a permanent solution and cannot completely eliminate inflammation. Other medications and therapies are also used in conjunction with steroids to manage the condition and its symptoms. Therefore, the statement that taking steroids can completely stop inflammation in multiple sclerosis is false.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Drugs that block dopamine receptors are helpful in reducing the frequency and impact of symptoms associated with Schizophrenia.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Drugs that block dopamine receptors are helpful in reducing the frequency and impact of symptoms associated with Schizophrenia. This is because an overactive dopamine system is believed to contribute to the development of symptoms in schizophrenia. By blocking dopamine receptors, these drugs can help regulate dopamine levels in the brain and alleviate symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking.Rate this question:
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Current Version
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Mar 22, 2023Quiz Edited by
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May 26, 2012Quiz Created by
Dawnlim
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