Blood Bank Hepatitis Powerpoint
Questions and Answers
- 1.
The etiologic agent of Hepatitis-A is what?
- A.
Picornaviridae
- B.
Hepadnaviridae
- C.
Flaviridae
- D.
Defective, single-stranded RNA virus
- E.
Calcviridae
- F.
Gb virus C(GBV-C)
Correct Answer
A. PicornaviridaeExplanation
Hepatitis A is caused by the Picornaviridae family of viruses. This family includes several types of viruses, including the Hepatitis A virus. Picornaviridae viruses are small, non-enveloped viruses with a single-stranded RNA genome. They are known to cause a variety of diseases in humans, including respiratory infections, gastroenteritis, and hepatitis. In the case of Hepatitis A, the virus is typically transmitted through contaminated food or water, and it primarily affects the liver.Rate this question:
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- 2.
The etiologic agent of Hepatitis-B is what?
- A.
Picornaviridae
- B.
Hepadnaviridae
- C.
Flaviridae
- D.
Defective, single-stranded RNA virus
- E.
Calcviridae
- F.
Gb virus C(GBV-C)
Correct Answer
B. HepadnaviridaeExplanation
Hepadnaviridae is the correct answer because it is the family of viruses that includes the etiologic agent of Hepatitis-B.Rate this question:
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- 3.
The etiologic agent of Hepatitis-C is what?
- A.
Picornaviridae
- B.
Hepadnaviridae
- C.
Flaviridae
- D.
Defective, single-stranded RNA virus
- E.
Calcviridae
- F.
Gb virus C(GBV-C)
Correct Answer
C. FlaviridaeExplanation
Flaviridae is the correct answer because it is the family of viruses that includes the hepatitis C virus (HCV). HCV is a member of the Flaviviridae family, which also includes other important human pathogens such as dengue virus, Zika virus, and yellow fever virus.Rate this question:
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- 4.
The etiologic agent of Hepatitis-D is what?
- A.
Picornaviridae
- B.
Hepadnaviridae
- C.
Flaviridae
- D.
Defective, single-stranded RNA virus
- E.
Calcviridae
- F.
Gb virus C(GBV-C)
Correct Answer
D. Defective, single-stranded RNA virusExplanation
Hepatitis-D is caused by a defective, single-stranded RNA virus. This virus is unique because it requires the presence of Hepatitis-B virus to replicate and cause infection. The defective nature of the RNA virus means that it is unable to replicate on its own and relies on the machinery of Hepatitis-B virus for replication. This co-infection of Hepatitis-B and Hepatitis-D can lead to more severe liver disease compared to infection with Hepatitis-B alone.Rate this question:
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- 5.
The etiologic agent of Hepatitis-E is what?
- A.
Picornaviridae
- B.
Hepadnaviridae
- C.
Flaviridae
- D.
Defective, single-stranded RNA virus
- E.
Calcviridae
- F.
Gb virus C(GBV-C)
Correct Answer
E. Calcviridae -
- 6.
The etiologic agent of Hepatitis-G is what?
- A.
Picornaviridae
- B.
Hepadnaviridae
- C.
Flaviridae
- D.
Defective, single-stranded RNA virus
- E.
Calcviridae
- F.
Gb virus C(GBV-C)
Correct Answer
F. Gb virus C(GBV-C)Explanation
Gb virus C (GBV-C) is the etiologic agent of Hepatitis-G. This virus belongs to the Flaviviridae family. Unlike other hepatitis viruses, GBV-C is a defective, single-stranded RNA virus. It is a blood-borne virus that can cause persistent infection in some individuals. GBV-C is often found in co-infection with other hepatitis viruses, such as hepatitis B or C, but it does not appear to cause significant liver disease on its own.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Transmission is fecal oral route
- A.
Hepatitis-A
- B.
Hepatitis-B
- C.
Hepatitis-C
- D.
Hepatitis-D
- E.
Hepatitis-E
- F.
Hepatitis-G
Correct Answer(s)
A. Hepatitis-A
E. Hepatitis-EExplanation
Hepatitis A and Hepatitis E are both transmitted through the fecal-oral route. This means that the viruses causing these diseases are present in the feces of an infected person and can be transmitted to another person through contaminated food, water, or objects. This mode of transmission occurs when a person ingests the virus by consuming contaminated food or water, or by coming into contact with objects that have been contaminated with the virus. Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, Hepatitis D, and Hepatitis G, on the other hand, are primarily transmitted through blood and other body fluids.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Most frequent cause of chronic hepatitis
- A.
Hepatitis A
- B.
Hepatitis B
- C.
Hepatitis C
- D.
Hepatitis D
- E.
Hepatitis E
- F.
Hepatitis G
Correct Answer
C. Hepatitis CExplanation
Hepatitis C is the most frequent cause of chronic hepatitis. Unlike Hepatitis A and E, which are usually acute and self-limiting, Hepatitis C can become chronic and lead to long-term liver damage. Hepatitis B and D can also cause chronic hepatitis, but Hepatitis C is more commonly associated with chronic infection. Hepatitis G is a relatively new virus and its role in causing chronic hepatitis is not well-established.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Estimate 170 million chronic carriers worldwide
- A.
Hepatitis A
- B.
Hepatitis B
- C.
Hepatitis C
- D.
Hepatitis D
- E.
Hepatitis E
- F.
Hepatitis G
Correct Answer
C. Hepatitis CExplanation
Hepatitis C is the correct answer because it is estimated to have 170 million chronic carriers worldwide. This suggests that Hepatitis C has a significant global prevalence compared to the other types of hepatitis listed.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Hepatitis B: HBV DNA detected by PCR before or after HBsAg reaches detectable levels?
- A.
After
- B.
Before
Correct Answer
B. BeforeExplanation
HBV DNA can be detected by PCR before the HBsAg (Hepatitis B surface antigen) reaches detectable levels. PCR (polymerase chain reaction) is a sensitive technique that can detect the presence of viral DNA even at low levels. In the early stages of Hepatitis B infection, the viral DNA may be present in the blood before the HBsAg can be detected. This early detection of viral DNA can be helpful in diagnosing Hepatitis B infection and initiating appropriate treatment.Rate this question:
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- 11.
_____ requres HBsAG in order to synthesize an evelope protein; ____ and HBV are contracted concurrently.
- A.
Hepatitis A
- B.
Hepatitis B
- C.
Hepatitis C
- D.
Hepatitis D
- E.
Hepatitis E
- F.
Hepatitis G
Correct Answer
D. Hepatitis DExplanation
Hepatitis D requires HBsAG in order to synthesize an envelope protein. This means that the presence of HBsAG is necessary for the replication of the hepatitis D virus. Additionally, hepatitis D and HBV (Hepatitis B) are contracted concurrently, meaning that they can both be present in the body at the same time.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Coinfection: _____ severe acute disease; _____ risk of chronic infection.
- A.
Less, more
- B.
More, less
- C.
Less, less
- D.
More, more
Correct Answer
B. More, lessExplanation
Coinfection refers to the simultaneous infection of an individual with two or more different pathogens. The correct answer is "more, less" because coinfection typically leads to a more severe acute disease. When multiple pathogens infect the body at the same time, they can interact and exacerbate each other's effects, resulting in a more severe illness. However, the risk of chronic infection is generally reduced in coinfection. This is because the immune response activated against one pathogen can also provide some level of protection against the other pathogens, reducing the likelihood of long-term infection.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Testing for HDV not required for blood donations.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Testing for HDV (Hepatitis D Virus) is not required for blood donations because HDV is a defective virus that requires the presence of the Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) to replicate. Therefore, if a person tests negative for HBV, they cannot be infected with HDV. Since blood donation centers already screen for HBV, there is no need for a separate test for HDV. Hence, the statement is true.Rate this question:
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- 14.
In U.S. only _____ is found the other is found in West Africa.
- A.
HIV-1
- B.
HIV-2
Correct Answer
A. HIV-1Explanation
HIV-1 is found only in the U.S., while HIV-2 is found in West Africa. This suggests that the two types of HIV have different geographic distributions.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Hepatitis G: Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction diagnoses _________ infection; anti-E2 and negative PCR indicates _____ infection.
- A.
Current, past
- B.
Current, current
- C.
Past, current
- D.
Past, past
Correct Answer
A. Current, pastExplanation
Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is a diagnostic test used to detect the presence of Hepatitis G virus (HGV) infection. The presence of HGV RNA indicates a current infection, while the absence of HGV RNA but the presence of anti-E2 antibodies suggests a past infection. Therefore, the correct answer is "current, past."Rate this question:
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- 16.
CD4 count _____/ul patient has clinical AIDS
- A.
300
- B.
100
- C.
200
Correct Answer
C. 200Explanation
A CD4 count of 200/ul indicates that the patient has clinical AIDS. CD4 count is a measure of the number of CD4 T cells in the blood, which are a type of white blood cell that helps the immune system fight off infections. A CD4 count below 200/ul is considered a significant drop and is indicative of a weakened immune system. This is one of the criteria used to diagnose clinical AIDS, along with the presence of certain opportunistic infections or cancers. Therefore, a CD4 count of 200/ul suggests that the patient has progressed to clinical AIDS.Rate this question:
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