Block 9 Viral Replication MCQ's

The common cold, polio, and hepatitis A are all caused by viruses belonging to the Picornaviridae family. This family of viruses is known for causing a wide range of illnesses in humans, including respiratory and gastrointestinal infections. The viruses in this family are characterized by their small size and single-stranded RNA genome. They are transmitted through respiratory droplets or fecal-oral route and can cause symptoms such as fever, cough, sore throat, and diarrhea.

Swine flu is caused by a type of virus known as an RNA virus. RNA viruses replicate their genetic material using an enzyme called RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. This enzyme is responsible for synthesizing new RNA strands using the viral RNA as a template. Therefore, for swine flu to replicate in the host cell, it must carry RNA-dependent RNA polymerase.

The correct answer is Hepatitis B virus (HBV) because the composite virus engineered by the virology research lab contains HBV gapped dsDNA. When this virus infects permissive cells, it would generate HBV as the infecting virus carries the genetic material of HBV.

Swine flu, also known as H1N1 influenza, is caused by a member of the Orthomyxoviridae family of viruses. This family includes various types of influenza viruses that can infect both humans and animals. The H1N1 virus specifically affects pigs and can occasionally be transmitted to humans, causing flu-like symptoms. Understanding the family of viruses that causes swine flu is important in developing effective prevention and treatment strategies.

An icosahedron is a three-dimensional shape with 20 identical triangular faces. Each face is an equilateral triangle, and there are a total of 20 faces in an icosahedron.

The correct answer is ss negative sense RNA virus. Swine flu, also known as H1N1 influenza, is caused by the influenza A virus, which belongs to the family Orthomyxoviridae. This virus has a single-stranded negative sense RNA genome, meaning that it carries its genetic information in the form of RNA and uses the enzyme RNA polymerase to transcribe its RNA into mRNA for protein synthesis. The negative sense RNA is complementary to the viral mRNA, and it must be converted into a positive sense RNA before it can be translated.

The correct answer is positive-sense single-stranded RNA. This is because positive-sense RNA can directly serve as mRNA and can be directly translated into proteins by the host cell's ribosomes. This means that if the injected RNA is positive-sense, it can immediately start replicating and producing viral proteins, leading to an infection.

The Ebola virus GP peplomer spikes would intervene in cell susceptibility. These spikes are responsible for attaching to and entering host cells, allowing the virus to infect and replicate within the cell. By interacting with specific receptors on the surface of host cells, the GP spikes enable the virus to gain entry and initiate infection. Therefore, the presence or absence of these spikes can greatly affect the susceptibility of cells to Ebola virus infection.

The replicative intermediate of a positive RNA virus is negative RNA. Positive RNA viruses have a single-stranded positive-sense RNA genome, which serves as the mRNA for viral protein synthesis. However, during replication, the positive RNA genome is used as a template to produce a complementary negative RNA strand. This negative RNA strand then serves as a template for the synthesis of multiple positive RNA strands, which become the progeny RNA. Therefore, the replicative intermediate of a positive RNA virus is negative RNA, not the mRNA or the same as the genomic RNA.

Maraviroc is a chemokine receptor antagonist that specifically binds to the human chemokine receptor CCR5. Since CCR5 plays a crucial role in the replication cycle of HIV-1, the drug affects the event of HIV-1 entry into the cell. By blocking the interaction between HIV-1 and CCR5, Maraviroc prevents the virus from entering the host cell and inhibits its replication. This makes it an effective treatment option for HIV-1 infection.

The experiment involved testing the effect of the test molecule on viral RNA inside the cells. Since the test molecule was able to eliminate the presence of viral RNA, it suggests that the test molecule is targeting a component of the virus that is essential for viral RNA replication or stability. The most likely target in this case is the capsid protein, as it is responsible for protecting the viral RNA inside the virus particle. By targeting the capsid protein, the test molecule could prevent the virus from entering the cells or disrupt the assembly of new virus particles, ultimately inhibiting viral replication.

The given composition of the engineered composite virus includes components from multiple viruses such as Human Papilloma Virus-16 (HPV), Hantavirus, Papihantabolavirus, and Ebola virus. However, it is important to note that the composition does not include the necessary components for viral replication and infection of permissive cells. Without these necessary components, the engineered composite virus would not be able to generate any virus upon infecting permissive cells. Therefore, no virus would be generated.