Block 10 Oncovirus Of Wbc MCQ's

Inclusion bodies are accumulations of viral proteins in stained, infected cells. These bodies are formed as a result of viral replication within the host cell. When a cell is infected by a virus, it starts producing viral proteins as part of the replication process. These proteins can aggregate and form inclusion bodies, which can be visualized using staining techniques. Inclusion bodies are commonly observed in viral infections and can help in the diagnosis of viral diseases. They are not induced by interferon or found in viral organelles of respiration.

The most likely process of transformation in this case is the binding of protein E7 to Rb and bypassing cell cycle control. This is because the question states that the lesions in the cervix are indicative of a malignancy caused by Papillomavirus infection, and one of the key mechanisms by which Papillomavirus causes cancer is through the binding of its E7 protein to the Rb protein. This binding disrupts the normal cell cycle control and allows for uncontrolled cell growth and proliferation, leading to the development of malignancy.

The HPV E7 protein is responsible for uncoupling the retinoblastoma restriction point protein pRb from the E2F family of transcription factors. This uncoupling allows the cell to progress into the S phase of the cell cycle.

Epstein-Barr virus is the correct answer because it is known to bind to C3d/CD21. C3d is a complement protein that is involved in the immune response, and CD21 is a receptor found on B cells. Epstein-Barr virus is a double-stranded DNA virus that primarily infects B cells and is associated with various cancers, including Burkitt's lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. By binding to C3d/CD21, the virus is able to enter and infect B cells, leading to its oncogenic effects.

Cytomegalovirus is an enveloped ds DNA virus, meaning it has a double-stranded DNA genome surrounded by an envelope. It is known for causing two different types of inclusions in infected cells. The virus does not have any known oncogenic potential, meaning it does not have the ability to cause cancer. Therefore, the correct answer is that cytomegalovirus is an enveloped ds DNA virus with no known oncogenic potential.

Virally-encoded permanently activated Src homolog signalling molecules can induce cell transformation. These molecules, when introduced into the cell by a virus, are constantly active and can initiate signaling pathways that promote cell growth and division. This uncontrolled activation of cell signaling can lead to the transformation of normal cells into cancerous cells.

not-available-via-ai

Transforming Oncogenic Retroviruses.
Introduction of a new transforming gene into the cell (direct-acting): Retroviruses containing oncogenic, cell-derived sequences in their genomes carry these sequences to each newly infected cell. They are highly oncogenic No human example is currently known.
Indirect-acting: The virus alters the expression of preexisting cellular genes through inserting the provirus. Proto-oncogenes might be activated by this insertional activation: Promoter insertion. Such a promoter might be contained in the LTR of inserted retroviruses. Integration close to a proto-oncogene may activate the expression of the gene: Enhancer Insertion. The enhancer is a DNA sequence increasing the rate of transcription by binding regulatory proteins (Meisenberg/Simmons, 2006).

not-available-via-ai

Poly B cell expansion is the characteristic of Epstein-Barr virus that is responsible for both the rash seen in EBV infectious mononucleosis and the presence of antibody which will agglutinate sheep red blood cells. This expansion of B cells leads to an increase in the production of antibodies, including those that can agglutinate sheep red blood cells. Additionally, the expansion of B cells can also cause a rash as part of the immune response to the virus.