Block 9 Rx Automomics MCQ's

11 Questions | By Chachelly | Updated: Mar 15, 2022 | Attempts: 138

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1.

Untreated or poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus leads to autonomic insufficiency and peripheral neuropathy, In such an individual, what would be an expected problem associated with assuming an upright posture?
- A.
  
  Inability to contract skeletal muscles of the legs.
- B.
  
  Postural hypotension
- C.
  
  Extreme tachycardia
- D.
  
  Postural hypertension
2.

The following concept map describes some of the neural pathways by which the autonomic nervous system acts as an efferent pathway in the baroreceptor reflex. For each step of this reflex pathway there is a box which describes the relationship between input and output. For example, the second box shows that firing rate of NTS neurons (output) receiving baroreceptor afferent input increases with increases in mean arterial pressure, MAP (input). In the concept map below which block incorrectly describes an input/output relationship?
- A.
  
  1
- B.
  
  2
- C.
  
  3
- D.
  
  4
- E.
  
  5
- F.
  
  6
3.

If one considers the anatomical differences between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, what would be the most likely explanation for the finding that there is a shorter delay for the parasympathetic nervous system to decrease heart rate compared to the delay associated with ability of the sympathetic nervous system to increase heart rate?
- A.
  
  Sympathetic preganglionic neurons are found in the intermediolateral cell column
- B.
  
  Parasympathetic motoneurans are found in the medulla oblongata
- C.
  
  Parasympathetic preganglionic fibers are myelinated and the postganglionic axons are short.
- D.
  
  Sympathetic preganglionic axons are myelinated and postganglionic axons are long
4.

A 19-year-old male is stabbed in the upper back, severing the spinal cord between C6- C7. In addition to other symptoms such as paralysis, which of the following autonomic symptoms would you expect to find following the injury?
- A.
  
  Sweaty palms
- B.
  
  Tachycardia (increased heart rate)
- C.
  
  Constricted pupils (miosis)
- D.
  
  Dilated pupils (mydriasis)
- E.
  
  Excessive watery salivation
5.

The pre-ganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic nervous system originate within all of the following central nervous system regions EXCEPT:
- A.
  
  Cranial Nerve III
- B.
  
  Cranial Nerve IX
- C.
  
  Cranial Nerve X
- D.
  
  S1
- E.
  
  S2
6.

Your patient is suffering from bradycardia. Which of the following pharmacological approaches would most effectively initially counteract this bradycardia?
- A.
  
  Stimulate beta 1 receptors
- B.
  
  Inhibit beta 1 receptors
- C.
  
  Stimulate beta 2 receptors
- D.
  
  Stimulate alpha 1 receptors
- E.
  
  Inhibit alpha 1 receptors
7.

A 44 year old female patient is referred to your clinic because of increased sweating on the face and neck, despite cool ambient temperatures. The neurotransmitter responsible for eliciting sweating, if applied to the cardiac muscle, would do which of the following?
- A.
  
  Increase heart rate
- B.
  
  Reduce heart rate
- C.
  
  Have no effect on heart rate
- D.
  
  Bind to beta 1 receptors
- E.
  
  Bind to M3 receptors
8.

A 46 year old male patient, who complains of being overworked and subject to high levels of stress at the office, presents with tachycardia, severe hypertension, and mild chest pain. In order to reduce the hypertension and tachycardia you would advise a pharmacological approach involving
- A.
  
  A non-selective beta agonist
- B.
  
  A B3 receptor antagonist
- C.
  
  A B1 receptor antagonist
- D.
  
  A M2 receptor antagonist
- E.
  
  A B2 receptor antagonist
9.

A 63 year old chronic smoker is informed that he has a tumor in the apex of his right lung. While not pleased, he does understand the correlation between smoking and increased risk for lung cancer. He is confused, however, by some recent facial symptoms including drooping of his right eyelid. His physician notices slight miosis of the right pupil as well. The miosis in this patient is due to
- A.
  
  Enhanced release of norepinephrine by post-ganglionic sympathetic fibers
- B.
  
  Reduced release of norepinephrine from sympathetic post-ganglionic fibers
- C.
  
  Acetylcholine released from post-ganglionic sympathetic fibers
- D.
  
  Activation of alpha 1 receptors
- E.
  
  Loss of parasympathetic innervation of the sphincter muscle of the eye
10.

A 56 year old woman is treated by her neurologist because of weakness in her hands, mild ataxia and bradykinesia (slowness of movement). In addition to these motor symptoms she exhibits pronounced drops in blood pressure, especially after sitting for long periods. No one in her family has a history of Parkinson's disease. You suspect?
- A.
  
  Pheochrornocytosis
- B.
  
  Shy drager syndrome
- C.
  
  Raynaud syndrome
- D.
  
  Homer's syndrome
11.

A 45-year-old man was treated topically with eye drops during a routine ophthalmoscopic examination. Now he complains that he is blinded by bright light and is unable to focus on near objects. These symptoms most likely result from a blockade of M3 receptors located on which of the following pairs of eye structures?
- A.
  
  Radial muscle of iris and Schlemm canal
- B.
  
  Sphincter of iris and ciliary muscle
- C.
  
  Trabecular meshwork and radial muscle of ins
- D.
  
  Ciliary epithelium and retina
- E.
  
  Retina and lens