Biology Unit 1 Ecology And The Environment
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Producers are also known as _______.
About This Quiz
Explore key ecological concepts in 'Biology Unit 1: Ecology and the Environment'. This quiz covers topics like photosynthesis, cellular respiration, and ecosystem dynamics, assessing understanding of energy flow in nature and organism interactions within their habitats.
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- 2.
What is the process of converting light energy to chemical energy?
Explanation
Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy in the form of glucose. This process occurs in the chloroplasts of the cells, where chlorophyll captures the energy from sunlight and uses it to combine carbon dioxide and water to produce glucose and oxygen. The glucose is then stored as chemical energy, which can be used by the organism for growth, reproduction, and other metabolic processes. Therefore, photosynthesis is the correct answer for the process of converting light energy to chemical energy.Rate this question:
- 3.
During cellular respiration, food energy is converted to ______ energy.
Explanation
During cellular respiration, the process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy, the food energy is converted into ATP (adenosine triphosphate). ATP is the primary energy currency of cells and is used to power various cellular processes. It is produced through a series of reactions in the mitochondria, where glucose is broken down and its energy is captured in the form of ATP molecules. These ATP molecules can then be used by the cell to perform work, such as muscle contraction, active transport, and synthesis of macromolecules.Rate this question:
- 4.
_______ are defined as straight line order of who eats whom in an ecosystem.
Explanation
Food chains are defined as the straight line order of who eats whom in an ecosystem. They represent the flow of energy and nutrients from one organism to another. Each step in a food chain is known as a trophic level, and it shows the transfer of energy as one organism consumes another. Food chains are important in understanding the interactions and dynamics within an ecosystem, as they show the dependency and interconnectivity between different species.Rate this question:
- 5.
________ is defined as all the living organisms in a given area and their interactions with their environment.
Explanation
An ecosystem is a term used to describe all the living organisms in a specific area and their interactions with each other and their surrounding environment. This includes plants, animals, microorganisms, and their physical surroundings such as soil, water, and air. It encompasses the relationships, energy flow, and nutrient cycling between these organisms and their environment. The concept of an ecosystem helps to understand the interconnectedness and interdependence of different species and the impact they have on their surroundings.Rate this question:
- 6.
Carbon dioxide enters and oxygen exits by way of tiny pores on the leaves called ________.
Explanation
Stomata are tiny pores found on the surface of leaves that allow for the exchange of gases. They are responsible for the entry of carbon dioxide into the leaf for photosynthesis and the exit of oxygen produced during this process. Stomata play a crucial role in regulating the exchange of gases between the plant and its environment, enabling the plant to obtain the necessary carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and release oxygen as a byproduct.Rate this question:
- 7.
The biopshere is a(n) __________ system with respects to energy.
Explanation
The biosphere is an open system with respect to energy because it continuously exchanges energy with its surroundings. This means that energy flows into and out of the biosphere, allowing for the transfer of energy between different ecosystems and organisms. This energy exchange is essential for the functioning of the biosphere, as it enables the processes of photosynthesis, respiration, and other metabolic activities that sustain life.Rate this question:
- 8.
_____ is an example of a fat soluble chemical that accumulates in aquatic food chains.
Explanation
DDT, lead, mercury, cadmium, and nuclear wastes are all examples of fat-soluble chemicals that can accumulate in aquatic food chains. This means that these chemicals have the ability to dissolve in fats and oils, allowing them to be stored and build up in the tissues of organisms. As these chemicals are consumed by smaller organisms, they are passed on to larger organisms through the food chain, resulting in higher concentrations in the top predators. This process, known as biomagnification, can have harmful effects on the health and survival of these organisms and can also pose risks to humans who consume contaminated seafood.Rate this question:
- 9.
About _____% of the available energy is lost between levels of a trophic pyramid.
Explanation
Approximately 90% of the available energy is lost between levels of a trophic pyramid. This is because energy is transferred from one trophic level to another through the consumption of organisms, and this transfer is not efficient. As organisms consume other organisms, a large portion of the energy is used for metabolic processes, such as respiration, movement, and growth. Only a small fraction of the energy is converted into biomass and passed on to the next trophic level. This energy loss occurs at each level of the trophic pyramid, resulting in a significant decrease in available energy as you move up the pyramid.Rate this question:
- 10.
Global warming is related to the carbon cycle because fossil fuel consumption releases ________ gas.
Explanation
Global warming is related to the carbon cycle because when fossil fuels are consumed, they release carbon dioxide (CO2) gas into the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas that traps heat from the sun, leading to an increase in the Earth's temperature. This phenomenon is known as global warming. Therefore, the release of carbon dioxide through fossil fuel consumption contributes to the ongoing issue of global warming.Rate this question:
- 11.
Fossil fuel formation is part of the ____ pathway of the carbon cycle because formation of fossil fuels takes millions of years.
Explanation
Fossil fuel formation is considered part of the slow pathway of the carbon cycle because it takes millions of years for fossil fuels to form. This process involves the decomposition of organic matter, such as dead plants and animals, under high pressure and temperature over an extended period of time. The slow nature of this process is what distinguishes it from other pathways in the carbon cycle, such as the fast or intermediate pathways.Rate this question:
- 12.
Organisms that feed on both plants and animals are called __________.
Explanation
Omnivores are organisms that have the ability to consume and digest both plant and animal matter. They have a diverse diet that includes a combination of fruits, vegetables, meat, and other food sources. This adaptability allows them to obtain a wide range of nutrients from different sources, making them highly versatile in their feeding habits. Examples of omnivores include humans, bears, raccoons, and some bird species.Rate this question:
- 13.
A trophic level is also called a _________.
Explanation
A trophic level is also called a feeding level because it refers to the position of an organism in a food chain or food web, indicating its source of energy and its role in transferring energy through the ecosystem. Each trophic level represents a different level of energy transfer, starting with primary producers (plants) at the first trophic level, followed by herbivores at the second trophic level, then carnivores or omnivores at higher trophic levels. Therefore, "feeding level" is an appropriate term to describe trophic levels as it emphasizes the flow of energy and nutrients from one organism to another based on their feeding relationships.Rate this question:
- 14.
_____ is defined as the study of life.
Explanation
Biology is defined as the study of life. It encompasses the examination of living organisms, their structure, function, growth, evolution, and distribution. This field of science explores various aspects of life, including the diversity and interrelationships of organisms, their interactions with the environment, and the mechanisms that govern life processes. By studying biology, scientists gain a deeper understanding of the natural world and the intricate workings of living systems.Rate this question:
- 15.
Example of a member of a detritus food chain.
Explanation
The given options represent different organisms that are part of a detritus food chain. Detritus food chains involve the decomposition of dead organic matter, such as leaves and dead animals, and the subsequent consumption of this detritus by various organisms. Fungus is often the first organism to break down the dead matter, followed by insects, worms, beetles, and bacteria. These organisms play a crucial role in breaking down organic matter and recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem.Rate this question:
- 16.
During photosynthesis solar energy is converted into _______ energy.
Explanation
During photosynthesis, solar energy is converted into chemical energy. This chemical energy is used to synthesize glucose, which is a type of food for plants. Therefore, the correct answer is "food."Rate this question:
- 17.
The biosphere is a(n) _______ system in terms of materials.
Explanation
The biosphere is considered a closed system in terms of materials because it is self-contained and does not exchange matter with its surroundings. This means that the materials within the biosphere, such as nutrients and gases, are recycled and reused within the system. The biosphere is able to sustain life and maintain its equilibrium by efficiently cycling and reusing these materials, without relying on external sources. This closed nature of the biosphere allows for the continuous flow and balance of materials, ensuring the survival and functioning of various ecosystems within it.Rate this question:
- 18.
Water provides the ______________ needed to build glucose molecules.
Explanation
Water provides the hydrogen and oxygen atoms needed to build glucose molecules. In the process of photosynthesis, plants use water molecules to split them into hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen atoms are then used to combine with carbon dioxide to form glucose molecules, while the oxygen atoms are released as a byproduct. Therefore, both hydrogen and oxygen are essential components for building glucose molecules, making the answer "hydrogen and oxygen, oxygen and hydrogen" correct.Rate this question:
- 19.
The biosphere can be considered a ____________ that includes thousands of smaller ecosystems.
Explanation
The biosphere refers to the part of the Earth's surface and atmosphere where living organisms exist. It encompasses all the interconnected ecosystems on Earth, including deserts, forests, oceans, and more. Therefore, it can be considered a global ecosystem as it includes thousands of smaller ecosystems that are interconnected and influence each other.Rate this question:
- 20.
Green plants trap light energy with the help of a pigment called ___________ to complete the process of photosynthesis.
Explanation
Green plants use a pigment called chlorophyll to trap light energy and convert it into chemical energy through the process of photosynthesis. Chlorophyll is responsible for capturing sunlight and using it to produce glucose, which is the primary source of energy for plants. Without chlorophyll, plants would not be able to carry out photosynthesis and obtain the energy they need to survive and grow.Rate this question:
- 21.
What is defined as interlocking food chains; present in most ecosystems?
Explanation
Food webs are defined as interlocking food chains present in most ecosystems. A food web is a complex network of interconnected food chains that shows the flow of energy and nutrients through different organisms in an ecosystem. It illustrates how different organisms are linked together through their feeding relationships. Each organism in a food web occupies a specific trophic level and is either a producer, consumer, or decomposer. The interconnectedness of food chains in a food web allows for the transfer of energy and matter between different species, promoting stability and balance within an ecosystem.Rate this question:
- 22.
_________ is defined as an area of land, air, and water that supports life on earth.
Explanation
The biosphere is the correct answer because it refers to the area of land, air, and water that sustains life on Earth. It encompasses all ecosystems, including forests, oceans, deserts, and even the atmosphere. The biosphere is where living organisms interact with each other and their environment, exchanging energy and nutrients. It is crucial for maintaining the delicate balance necessary for life to thrive on our planet.Rate this question:
- 23.
Since the biosphere is a closed system in terms of materials, materials necessary for life must be __________.
Explanation
The biosphere is a closed system, meaning that materials cannot be added or removed from it. Therefore, in order for life to continue, the materials necessary for life must be recycled within the biosphere. This ensures that the essential elements and compounds needed for living organisms, such as carbon, nitrogen, and water, are continuously reused and do not become depleted over time. Without recycling, the biosphere would not be able to sustain life in the long term.Rate this question:
- 24.
Some consumers are part of _____________ food chains (they feed on dead plants and animals and waste materials).
Explanation
Some consumers are part of detritus food chains. Detritus refers to dead plants and animals, as well as waste materials. These consumers feed on this organic matter, breaking it down and recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem. They play a crucial role in decomposition and nutrient cycling, helping to maintain the balance and health of the ecosystem.Rate this question:
- 25.
Carbon dioxide provides _________________ needed to build glucose molecules.
Explanation
Carbon dioxide provides the carbon and oxygen needed to build glucose molecules.Rate this question:
- 26.
The sun's energy is captured by the process of _______.
Explanation
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert sunlight into chemical energy in the form of glucose. During photosynthesis, chlorophyll in the cells of these organisms captures the energy from sunlight and uses it to combine carbon dioxide and water, producing glucose and oxygen as byproducts. This process is crucial for the survival of plants and other organisms that depend on them, as it is the primary source of energy in most ecosystems.Rate this question:
- 27.
Energy is the ability to do______.
Explanation
Energy is defined as the capacity or ability to do work. Work is the transfer of energy from one object to another, or the application of a force over a distance. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is "work".Rate this question:
- 28.
Increased complexity increases ___________ in food webs.
Explanation
Increased complexity in food webs increases stability. This is because as the number of species and interactions within a food web increases, it creates a more interconnected and diverse system. This diversity allows for a higher degree of redundancy and resilience, meaning that if one species or interaction is disrupted, there are alternative pathways and species to maintain the overall functioning of the ecosystem. This increased complexity also promotes a more balanced distribution of energy and resources throughout the food web, reducing the likelihood of cascading effects and promoting stability.Rate this question:
- 29.
What process produces oxygen for all organisms on earth?
Explanation
Photosynthesis is the process through which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into glucose and oxygen. It is the primary source of oxygen production on Earth, as it releases oxygen into the atmosphere as a byproduct. This oxygen is essential for the survival of all organisms, as it is required for cellular respiration, the process through which organisms generate energy. Therefore, photosynthesis is responsible for producing the oxygen that is vital for the existence of all organisms on Earth.Rate this question:
- 30.
___________ is the end product of photosynthesis (the light energy from the sun is converted into chemical energy and stored in the chemical bonds of this molecule).
Explanation
Glucose is the end product of photosynthesis, where light energy from the sun is converted into chemical energy and stored in the chemical bonds of glucose molecules. Glucose is a simple sugar that serves as an important source of energy for cells and is used in various metabolic processes.Rate this question:
- 31.
Producers trap light energy with the pigment called ________.
Explanation
Producers, such as plants, use a process called photosynthesis to convert light energy into chemical energy. This process occurs in specialized structures called chloroplasts, where the pigment chlorophyll is located. Chlorophyll absorbs light energy from the sun and uses it to fuel the photosynthetic reactions that produce glucose and oxygen. Therefore, chlorophyll is responsible for trapping light energy in producers.Rate this question:
- 32.
Microscopic algae in oceans, lakes, and streams are called _______?
Explanation
Microscopic algae that inhabit oceans, lakes, and streams are referred to as phytoplankton. These organisms are capable of photosynthesis, using sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and nutrients into organic matter. Phytoplankton play a crucial role in aquatic ecosystems as they serve as the primary producers, forming the base of the food chain. They also contribute significantly to the global carbon cycle by absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Due to their abundance and importance, phytoplankton are extensively studied to understand their ecological and environmental implications.Rate this question:
- 33.
The food energy in glucose must be converted into ATP energy; the process is called ________.
Explanation
Cell respiration is the correct answer because it is the process by which glucose is broken down in cells to produce ATP energy. During cell respiration, glucose undergoes a series of chemical reactions in the presence of oxygen, ultimately resulting in the production of ATP molecules. This process occurs in the mitochondria of cells and is essential for the release of energy required for various cellular activities.Rate this question:
- 34.
Imagine a parking meter that takes only quarters. You have only dollar bills. Your dollar must be converted into quarters before it can be used in this machine. In a similar fashion, your body cells can use only _________ energy.
Explanation
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the primary source of energy for cellular processes in the body. Just like the parking meter only accepts quarters, our body cells can only utilize ATP as an energy source. ATP is produced through cellular respiration and is used to fuel various biological activities such as muscle contraction, metabolism, and active transport. Without ATP, cells would not have the necessary energy to perform their functions effectively.Rate this question:
- 35.
The position an organism occupies in a food chain is known as the ______.
Explanation
The position an organism occupies in a food chain is known as its trophic level or feeding level. This refers to the organism's position in the hierarchy of energy transfer within an ecosystem. Organisms at higher trophic levels consume those at lower levels, creating a flow of energy and nutrients through the food chain. The trophic level of an organism is determined by its source of energy and its role in the transfer of energy to other organisms.Rate this question:
- 36.
______ is the amount, or mass, of organic material in an ecosystem.
Explanation
Biomass refers to the amount or mass of organic material present in an ecosystem. It includes all living organisms such as plants, animals, and microorganisms, as well as their remains and waste products. Biomass is an important measure of the overall productivity and health of an ecosystem, as it represents the energy and resources available to support life within that system.Rate this question:
- 37.
The pyramid shape also shows that the number of individuals that can be supported on the available energy (increases/decreases) with each level.
Explanation
The pyramid shape of an ecosystem represents the flow of energy and the transfer of biomass from one trophic level to the next. As we move up the pyramid, each level contains fewer individuals because energy is lost as it is transferred from one level to the next. This loss of energy occurs due to inefficiencies in energy transfer and metabolic processes. Therefore, the number of individuals that can be supported by the available energy decreases with each trophic level in a pyramid-shaped ecosystem.Rate this question:
- 38.
_______ is defined as the accumulation and concentration of toxic substances in food chains.
Explanation
Biological magnification, also known as bioaccumulation, refers to the process in which toxic substances are accumulated and concentrated in higher levels as they move up the food chain. This occurs because organisms at higher trophic levels consume a larger quantity of prey or food that contains these substances, leading to their accumulation in their bodies. As a result, the concentration of these toxic substances increases as they move up the food chain, posing a greater risk to organisms at the top of the chain, including humans. Both "biological magnification" and "bioaccumulation" are correct terms to describe this phenomenon.Rate this question:
- 39.
With respect to fast pathways - the ______ is the reservoir for most organic carbon.
Explanation
The atmosphere is the correct answer because it acts as a reservoir for most organic carbon in fast pathways. Organic carbon is present in the form of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere, which is exchanged between the atmosphere, land, and oceans through processes like photosynthesis and respiration. The atmosphere serves as a temporary storage for organic carbon before it is absorbed by plants or dissolved in water bodies. This carbon cycling plays a crucial role in regulating the Earth's climate and maintaining the balance of carbon in the biosphere.Rate this question:
- 40.
__________ takes carbon from the atmosphere and makes it into food (organic) molecules used by living organisms.
Explanation
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants and some other organisms convert carbon dioxide from the atmosphere into organic compounds, such as glucose, which can be used as a source of energy. During photosynthesis, plants use sunlight, water, and chlorophyll to capture energy and convert it into chemical energy, which is stored in the form of glucose. This process is essential for the survival of living organisms as it provides them with the necessary food molecules for growth and metabolism.Rate this question:
- 41.
When organic compounds are used and broken down, _______ gas is released (as a waste product of cell respiration and metabolism).
Explanation
When organic compounds are broken down through cell respiration and metabolism, carbon dioxide gas is released as a waste product. This is because during these processes, the organic compounds are oxidized, and carbon atoms are released in the form of carbon dioxide (CO2). Water (H2O) is also released as a waste product during cell respiration and metabolism, but it is not specifically mentioned in the question that it is released when organic compounds are broken down. Therefore, the correct answer is carbon dioxide (CO2).Rate this question:
- 42.
__________ are formed when plants and animals are not decomposed; these remains are converted into coal, oil, natural gas.
Explanation
Fossil fuels are formed when plants and animals are not decomposed and their remains are converted into coal, oil, and natural gas. These fuels are derived from ancient organic matter that has undergone a long process of heat and pressure. Fossil fuels are non-renewable resources and are the main source of energy for various human activities. They play a significant role in powering industries, transportation, and electricity generation. However, their extraction and combustion contribute to environmental issues such as air pollution and climate change.Rate this question:
- 43.
Environmental problems result from living __________________ of the environment.
Explanation
Living beyond the means of the environment refers to the excessive consumption and exploitation of natural resources beyond what the environment can sustainably provide. This leads to environmental problems such as deforestation, pollution, climate change, and loss of biodiversity. When human activities exceed the capacity of the environment to regenerate and recover, it disrupts the delicate balance of ecosystems and threatens the overall health and sustainability of the planet. Therefore, living beyond the means of the environment is a major cause of environmental problems.Rate this question:
- 44.
____________ gases can be found in the earth's atmosphere - examples include water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, and several others.
Explanation
Greenhouse gases can be found in the earth's atmosphere, including water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, and several others. These gases are called greenhouse gases because they have the ability to trap heat from the sun and contribute to the greenhouse effect. This effect is essential for maintaining the earth's temperature and making it habitable for life. However, an excess of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide from human activities, can lead to an enhanced greenhouse effect and global warming.Rate this question:
- 45.
What is defined as an area of mixed fresh and salt water; rich in nutrients?
Explanation
An estuary is defined as an area where fresh and saltwater mix, creating a unique environment that is rich in nutrients. It is a transitional zone between a river and the ocean, where freshwater from the river meets and mixes with the saltwater from the sea. This mixing creates a dynamic ecosystem that supports a diverse range of plants and animals. The correct answer, "estruary, an estruary," accurately describes this definition.Rate this question:
- 46.
_________ requires light energy to begin the reaction.
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Cell respiration
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Photosynthesis
Correct Answer
A. PhotosynthesisExplanation
Photosynthesis is the correct answer because it is the process by which green plants and some other organisms convert sunlight into chemical energy. This energy is used to fuel the production of glucose and oxygen from carbon dioxide and water. Light energy is essential for photosynthesis to occur as it is absorbed by chlorophyll in the plant's cells, initiating the reaction that leads to the production of glucose. Cell respiration, on the other hand, is the process by which cells break down glucose to release energy, and it does not require light energy to begin the reaction.Rate this question:
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- 47.
Most ________ perform photosynthesis.
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Producers
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Primary consumers
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Secondary consumers
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Tertiary consumers
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Decomposers
Correct Answer
A. ProducersExplanation
Producers are organisms that have the ability to produce their own food through photosynthesis. They convert sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into glucose and oxygen. Examples of producers include plants, algae, and some bacteria. Since the question states that "most" organisms perform photosynthesis, it implies that the correct answer is producers.Rate this question:
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- 48.
_______ describes nonliving components of the ecosystem; physical and chemical factors needed for life.
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Biotic
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Abiotic
Correct Answer
A. AbioticExplanation
Abiotic factors refer to the nonliving components of an ecosystem that are essential for life. These factors include physical elements such as temperature, sunlight, water, soil, and chemical elements like oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nutrients. They create the necessary conditions for organisms to survive and thrive in an ecosystem. Biotic factors, on the other hand, are the living components of an ecosystem, including plants, animals, and microorganisms. Therefore, the correct answer is "abiotic" as it specifically describes the nonliving components that are vital for life in an ecosystem.Rate this question:
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- 49.
_______ describes living organisms in an ecosystem.
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Biotic
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Abiotic
Correct Answer
A. BioticExplanation
Biotic refers to the living components of an ecosystem, such as plants, animals, and microorganisms. This term describes the interactions, relationships, and dependencies between these organisms and how they contribute to the functioning of the ecosystem. Biotic factors play a crucial role in shaping the structure and dynamics of an ecosystem, including nutrient cycling, energy flow, and population dynamics.Rate this question:
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Mar 20, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Feb 08, 2010Quiz Created by
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