Basic Principles Of Ecology
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Hello and welcome to today’s quiz on Ecology – the biological branch of science wherein organisms and their interactions with other organisms and their environment are studied. What do you know about the basic principles of this field of study? Let’s take a look right now.
- 1.It is the study of how organisms live and how they interact with their environment.
- A.
Biology
- B.
Botany
- C.
Zoology
- D.
Ecology
- 2.It is the study of the ecology of a single species.
- A.
Autecology
- B.
Oncology
- C.
Symbiology
- D.
Synecology
- 3.It is the study of the ecology of whole communities of organisms.
- A.
Autecology
- B.
Oncology
- C.
Symbiology
- D.
Synecology
- 4.The group interacting and interbreeding organism of the same species
- A.
Community
- B.
Organism
- C.
Population
- D.
Ecosystem
- 5.This is composed of different populations living together interacting as competitors, predatorand prey, or symbiotically.
- A.
Community
- B.
Organism
- C.
Biome
- D.
Ecosystem
- 6.The thin film on the surface of the earth in which all life exists is called
- A.
Geosphere
- B.
Biosphere
- C.
Hydrosphere
- D.
Atmosphere
- 7.This area, composed of a community and the physical environment it occupies is called
- A.
Ecosystem
- B.
Biome
- C.
Biosphere
- D.
Town
- 8.Which of these sources of water is sediment rich
- A.
Drainage water
- B.
River water
- C.
Saltwater
- D.
Rainfall
- 9.These autotrophs are bacteria that obtain energy by oxidizing inorganic compounds such asammonia, nitrites, and sulfides, and they use this energy to synthesize carbohydrates.
- A.
Enzymes
- B.
Photoautotrophs
- C.
Coliform
- D.
Chemautotrophs
- 10.These autotrophs are photosynthesizers such as algae and green plants that produce most ofthe organic nutrients for the biosphere.
- A.
Enzymes
- B.
Photoautotrophs
- C.
Coliform
- D.
Chemautotrophs
- 11.They produce their own organic nutrients for themselves and other members of the community.
- A.
Autotrophs
- B.
Detritivores
- C.
Decomposers
- D.
Heterotrophs
- 12.Which is not an abiotic component of the environment?
- A.
Gases
- B.
Bacteria
- C.
Light
- D.
Soil
- 13.These are organisms that rely on detritus, the decomposing particles of organic matter, for food.
- A.
Autotrophs
- B.
Detritivores
- C.
Decomposers
- D.
Heterotrophs
- 14.They are unable to produce food, are constantly looking for source of organic nutrients fromelsewhere.
- A.
Autotrophs
- B.
Detritivores
- C.
Decomposers
- D.
Heterotrophs
- 15.The living organisms are the____________components of an ecosystem.
- A.
Biotic
- B.
Abiotic
- C.
Chemical
- D.
Social
- 16.These are animals that feed both on plants and animals.
- A.
Herbivores
- B.
Omnivores
- C.
Detritivores
- D.
Detritivores
- 17.They feed on other animals.
- A.
Herbivores
- B.
Omnivores
- C.
Omnivores
- D.
Carnivores
- 18.They are animals that graze directly on plants or algae.
- A.
Herbivores
- B.
Omnivores
- C.
Detritivores
- D.
Carnivores
- 19.They perform a very valuable service by releasing inorganic substances that are taken up byplants once more.
- A.
Herbivores
- B.
Omnivores
- C.
Decomposers
- D.
Carnivores
- 20.Earthworms and some beetles, termites, and maggots are all terrestrial .
- A.
Herbivores
- B.
Omnivores
- C.
Detritivores
- D.
Carnivores
- 21.These ecosystems obtain their water from rivers and are often extremely seasonal
- A.
Floodland
- B.
Bog
- C.
Marine wetland
- D.
Swamp and marsh
- 22.These are coastlines in the tropical and subtropical regions fringed with a strip of swamplandwhich is inundated every high tide with marine and brackish waters
- A.
Floodland
- B.
Bog
- C.
Marine wetland
- D.
Swamp and marsh
- 23.These ecosystems are found in areas of impeded drainage, where water runs off thesurrounding land and collects, or where groundwater lies close to the surface
- A.
Floodland
- B.
Bog
- C.
Marine wetland
- D.
Swamp and marsh
- 24.These ecosystems receive water only from rainfall, not from streams, rivers or groundwater.
- A.
Floodland
- B.
Bog
- C.
Marine wetland
- D.
Swamp and marsh
- 25.Lakes that are nutrient poor are describes as
- A.
Heterotrophic
- B.
Eutrophic
- C.
Oligotrophic
- D.
Autotrophic
- 26.It is the ultimate source of energy for every ecosystem.
- A.
Coal
- B.
Wind
- C.
Water
- D.
Sun
- 27.It is the term used to describe the amount of organic matter an ecosystem produces from solar energy within a given area during a given period of time.
- A.
Primary consumers
- B.
Biomass
- C.
Primary productivity
- D.
Secondary productivity
- 28.It is the total amount of organic matter produced by all autotrophs in an ecosystem, includingthat used by themselves.
- A.
Biomass
- B.
Net primary productivity
- C.
Gross primary productivity
- D.
Primary productivity
- 29.It is defined as the total amount of energy fixed per unit of time minus the amount of energyexpended by the metabolic activities of the photosynthetic organisms in the community.
- A.
Biomass
- B.
Net primary productivity
- C.
Gross primary productivity
- D.
Primary productivity
- 30.It is the net weight of all organisms living in an ecosystem, which, increases as a result of its net production.
- A.
Biomass
- B.
Net primary productivity
- C.
Gross primary productivity
- D.
Primary productivity
- 31.It is defined as the rate of biomass accumulation by heterotrophs.
- A.
Biomass
- B.
Secondary productivity
- C.
Tertiary productivity
- D.
Primary productivity
- 32.These refer to the complicated feeding relationships that exist among organisms in naturalecosystem.
- A.
Food chains
- B.
Food webs
- C.
Niche
- D.
Trophic level
- 33.These are selected single-lane food relationships in a series among organisms
- A.
Food chains
- B.
Food webs
- C.
Trophic level
- D.
Niche
- 34.
- A.
Producers
- B.
Predators
- C.
Decomposers
- D.
Consumers
- 35.They are those able to synthesize food for themselves.
- A.
Producers
- B.
Predators
- C.
Decomposers
- D.
Consumers
- 36.A consists of all the organisms that feed at a particular level in a food chain.
- A.
Niche
- B.
Trophic level
- C.
Food pyramid
- D.
Habitat
- 37.Secondary consumers belong to
- A.
Fourth trophic level
- B.
Third trophic level
- C.
Second trophic level
- D.
First trophic level
- 38.
- A.
Fourth trophic level
- B.
Third trophic level
- C.
Second trophic level
- D.
First trophic level
- 39.Primary producers belong to
- A.
Fourth trophic level
- B.
Third trophic level
- C.
Second trophic level
- D.
First trophic level
- 40.It is a process by which radiative energy leaving a planetary surface is absorbed by someatmospheric gases.
- A.
Nutrient Cycle
- B.
Phosphorous Cycle
- C.
Carbon Cycle
- D.
Greenhouse Effect
- 41.Which of these does not belong to the Greenhouse gases
- A.
Water vapor
- B.
Carbon dioxide
- C.
Methane
- D.
Oxygen
- 42.All ecological space that shares the same species, climate, animals, and plants is called
- A.
Environment
- B.
Biome
- C.
Habitat
- D.
Niche
- 43.In this biome the aggravating factor is the water: the precipitations do not arrive at 15 inchesper year, whereas the annual average temperature is of 86 F.
- A.
Desert
- B.
Savanna
- C.
Steppe
- D.
Tropical rainforest
- 44.With their multiple variety of vegetal species and animals, these are the most productive biomes of the Earth and those of greatest biodiversity.
- A.
Deserts
- B.
Temperate grasslands
- C.
Steppes
- D.
Tropical rainforests
- 45.It is a description of where an organism is found
- A.
Environment
- B.
Biome
- C.
Habitat
- D.
Niche
- 46.It is a complete description of how organism relates to its physical and biological environment
- A.
Environment
- B.
Biome
- C.
Habitat
- D.
Niche
- 47.It was considered as a subset of the general evolutionary relationships between species incommunities
- A.
Symbiosis
- B.
Mutualism
- C.
Co-evolution
- D.
Antagonistic Co-evolution
- 48.It is used to describe any close relationship between two species
- A.
Symbiosis
- B.
Mutualism
- C.
Co-evolution
- D.
Antagonistic Co-evolution
- 49.It is used to describe the relationship if both species benefit from each other.
- A.
Symbiosis
- B.
Mutualism
- C.
Co-evolution
- D.
Antagonistic Co-evolution
- 50.It refers to the relationship usually produce an arms race of chemical and mechanical attack and defense mechanism
- A.
Symbiosis
- B.
Mutualism
- C.
Co-evolution
- D.
Antagonistic Co-evolution
- 51.It occurs when substances are released into the environment in harmful amounts as a directresult of human activity.
- A.
Eutrophication
- B.
Biomagnification
- C.
Bioaccumulation
- D.
Pollution
- 52.It refers to the release large amounts of phosphate and nitrate or organic matter into the waterresulting in a lowering of oxygen levels and change in the fauna of the water
- A.
Eutrophication
- B.
Biomagnification
- C.
Bioaccumulation
- D.
Pollution
- 53.It refers to the process whereby certain substances such as pesticides or heavy metals move up the food chain
- A.
Eutrophication
- B.
Biomagn ification
- C.
Bioaccumulation
- D.
Pollution
- 54.These are substances that increase in concentration in living organisms as they take incontaminated air, water, or food because the substances are very slowly metabolized orexcreted
- A.
Bioaccumulants
- B.
Pollutants
- C.
Poison
- D.
Nutrients
- 55.It occurs within a trophic level, and is the increase in concentration of a substance in certaintissues of organisms' bodies due to absorption from food and the environment.
- A.
Bioremediation
- B.
Bioconcentration
- C.
Bioindicator
- D.
Bioaccumulation
- 56.It is defined as occurring when uptake from the water is greater than excretion
- A.
Bioremediation
- B.
Bioconcentration
- C.
Bioindicator
- D.
Bioaccumulation
- 57.It can be defined as any process that uses microorganisms, fungi, green plants or their enzymes to return the natural environment altered by contaminants to its original condition
- A.
Bioremediation
- B.
Bioconcentration
- C.
Bioindicator
- D.
Bioaccumulation
- 58.It refers to an organism or biological response that reveals the presence of the pollutants by the occurrence of typical symptoms or measurable responses, and is therefore more qualitative.
- A.
Bioremediation
- B.
Bioconcentration
- C.
Bioindicator
- D.
Bioaccumulation
- 59.It measures how much land and water area a human population requires to produce theresource it consumes and to absorb its wastes, using prevailing technology and also called"appropriated carrying capacity".
- A.
Biodiversity
- B.
Ecological Footprint
- C.
Conservation
- D.
Sustainable Development
- 60.Fter the 1992 Rio Summit, it became a buzzword for measuring the health of the planet. Andfor referring to number of species found there
- A.
Biodiversity
- B.
Ecological Footprint
- C.
Conservation
- D.
Sustainable Development
- 61.It refers to the management of the earth's resources in a way which aims to restore and maintain the balance between human requirements and the other species of the world.
- A.
Biodiversity
- B.
Ecological Footprint
- C.
Conservation
- D.
Sustainable Development
- 62.It refers to meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of futuregenerations to meet their own needs
- A.
Biodiversity
- B.
Ecological Footprint
- C.
Conservation
- D.
Sustainable Development
- 63.It is the national agenda for sustainable development. It outlines the integrating strategies forthe country's overall sustainable development and identifies the intervention areas from thenational to the regional level.
- A.
PA 20
- B.
PA 21
- C.
SD 21
- D.
SD 20
- 64.The country where industrial district at Kalundborg, often labeled as an "industrial ecosystem"or "industrial symbiosis" is situated
- A.
US
- B.
Denmark
- C.
Germany
- D.
Philippines
- 65.The Philippine Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) System was formally established in 1978 by virtue of _________
- A.
PD No. 1586
- B.
RA No. 1586
- C.
RA No. 6465
- D.
PD No. 857
- 66.It is a "process that involves predicting and evaluating the likely impacts of a project on theenvironment during construction, commissioning, operation and abandonment.
- A.
ECP
- B.
ECC
- C.
EIA
- D.
ECA
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