Biology Test: Membranes, DNA To Protein, Cell Energy, And A Little Bit Of Evolution

21 Questions | Attempts: 56
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Biology Test: Membranes, DNA To Protein, Cell Energy, And A Little Bit Of Evolution - Quiz

Questions and Answers
  • 1. 
    Oxygen is so essential to your life that you would die within minutes if you were deprived of it.  But why?  Explain in detail.  Include the following in your answer.
    • Which critical process is oxygen required for? (1 pt)
    • What is the ultimate purpose of that process? (1 pt)
    • What exactly does oxygen do in this process?  (1 pt)
    • Why is oxygen well-suited to this task (as opposed to other elements)? (1 pt)
  • 2. 
    Describe the process of endosymbiosis in a series of NUMBERED steps.  (3 pt)
  • 3. 
    Explain how enzyme function is similar to a lock-and-key.  Use and CAPITALIZE the words:
    • SUBSTRATE(1 pt)
    • ACTIVE SITE(1 pt)
    • ACTIVATION ENERGY(1 pt)
    • CATALYST(1 pt)
    You are welcome to submit your answer in the form of a labelled sketch on the scrap paper provided.  (Be sure to write your name.)  You may also type your answer in the space provided here.  
  • 4. 
    Which of the following is an example of a cell moving something across its membrane in a way that requires energy.  
    • A. 

      Oxygen diffusing into a blood cell

    • B. 

      Sugar diffusing into a liver cell through a protein channel

    • C. 

      Ions pumped out of a nerve cell from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration

    • D. 

      Water moving from a hypotonic solution into a cell

  • 5. 
    If you place a red blood cell into an hypertonic solution, which of the following is most likely to occur.  
    • A. 

      Nothing major. Cells are hypertonic too, so water will continue to move in and out through the membrane at equilibrium.

    • B. 

      The cell is likely to swell and may even burst as water moves from the solution into the cell.

    • C. 

      The cell is likely to shrivel up as water leaves the cell and flows into the hypertonic solution.

    • D. 

      The cell is likely to alternate between swelling and shriveling as water moves in and out.

    • E. 

      None of the above. Transport of water across the membrane is controlled by the cell.

  • 6. 
    Which phrase best describes the effect of a catalyst on a chemical reaction?
    • A. 

      Increases the temperature

    • B. 

      Increases the volume of reactants

    • C. 

      Decreases the reaction rate

    • D. 

      Decreases the activation energy

  • 7. 
    Which of the following is NOT true of enzymes.
    • A. 

      They are specialized proteins.

    • B. 

      They affect activation energy and reaction rates.

    • C. 

      They can bend or flex.

    • D. 

      They must be rebuilt after each use.

  • 8. 
    What would the complementary strand of DNA be to the following sequence of bases?  TTGCGCA
    • A. 

      TTGCGCA

    • B. 

      GGATATC

    • C. 

      AACGCGU

    • D. 

      AACGCGT

  • 9. 
    Which of the following does NOT occur as part of DNA replication?
    • A. 

      An enzyme unzips a DNA double helix.

    • B. 

      A molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA) is assembled by an enzyme called RNA polymerase.

    • C. 

      Each daughter strand contains a template from the parent strand.

    • D. 

      Free nucleotides are attracted to the exposed nucleotides within the replication bubble.

  • 10. 
    How many mRNA bases would it take to covey the code for 10 amino acids?  
    • A. 

      10

    • B. 

      1

    • C. 

      20

    • D. 

      40

    • E. 

      30

    • F. 

      5

  • 11. 
    Which of the following occurs at the ribosome?  
    • A. 

      Translation

    • B. 

      Transcription

    • C. 

      Replication

    • D. 

      Cellular respiration

    • E. 

      Photosynthesis

  • 12. 
    Which molecule stores readily usable energy for the cell?  
    • A. 

      ATP

    • B. 

      Sugar

    • C. 

      ADP

    • D. 

      Oxygen

    • E. 

      Carbon dioxide

  • 13. 
    Which of the following correctly show the products of photosynthesis? 
    • A. 

      Carbon dioxide and water

    • B. 

      ATP and enzymes

    • C. 

      Sugar and oxygen

    • D. 

      Chloroplasts

    • E. 

      Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen

  • 14. 
    Which statement best captures the purpose of cellular respiration?
    • A. 

      To produce carbon dioxide and water

    • B. 

      To break down food

    • C. 

      To make sugar out of carbon dioxide and water

    • D. 

      To transfer energy from sugar to ATP

    • E. 

      To break down ATP into ADP and a phosphate

  • 15. 
    In which process is lactic acid formed when there is not enough oxygen present for cellular respiration to take place?  
    • A. 

      ATP synthase

    • B. 

      Photosynthesis

    • C. 

      Electron transport

    • D. 

      Fermentation

  • 16. 
    Which needs oxygen to take place? 
    • A. 

      Copying of DNA in replication

    • B. 

      The movement of electrons in the electron transport chain

    • C. 

      Capturing of light energy in photosynthesis

    • D. 

      The initial breakdown of sugar in glycolysis

  • 17. 
    The bacterium shown in this figure may have evolved into a mitochondrion after going through the process of 
    • A. 

      Oxidation

    • B. 

      Photosynthesis

    • C. 

      Endosymbiosis

    • D. 

      Colonization

  • 18. 
    Scientists hypothesize that cyanobacteria changed the early Earth by 
    • A. 

      Adding oxygen to the atmosphere

    • B. 

      Developing endosymbiotic relationships

    • C. 

      Turning into eukaryotic cells

    • D. 

      Getting energy from organic molecules

  • 19. 
    Which of the following best describes what is meant by the Cabrian Explosion.
    • A. 

      A major increase in the number of reptile species

    • B. 

      The development of modern birds and mammals

    • C. 

      The movement of life out of water and onto land

    • D. 

      An explosion in the number of animal species

  • 20. 
    Which of the following best describes the diversity of life over time on Earth?   
    • A. 

      Biodiversity increases steadily over time

    • B. 

      On the whole, biodiversity decrease

    • C. 

      After an initial increase, biodiversity remains constant

    • D. 

      Overall biodiversity increases, but it is interrupted by major extinction events

  • 21. 
    Refer to the graph from the previous question.  What key event in life's history is represented by the steep slope of the line labeled A.  
    • A. 

      Cambrian explosion

    • B. 

      Permian extinction

    • C. 

      Rise of the dinosaurs

    • D. 

      Age of Mammals

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