Biology Exam 4 Pt. 1

51 Questions | Attempts: 180
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Questions and Answers
  • 1. 
    A bacterial cell gives rise to two genetically identical daughter cells by a process known as
    • A. 

      Nondisjunction.

    • B. 

      Mitosis.

    • C. 

      Meiosis.

    • D. 

      Fission.

    • E. 

      Fertilization.

  • 2. 
    In order for a prokaryote cell to divide, which of the following must occur?
    • A. 

      A reproductive signal, replication, segregation of DNA and cytokinesis

    • B. 

      DNA replication, crossing over, and segregation of DNA

    • C. 

      DNA replication and segregation of DNA

    • D. 

      Cell growth and cytokinesis

    • E. 

      DNA replication, segregation of DNA, and cytokinesis

  • 3. 
    Bacteria typically have ____, whereas eukaryotes have ____
    • A. 

      One chromosome that is circular; many chromosomes that are linear

    • B. 

      Several chromosomes that are circular; many chromosomes that are linear

    • C. 

      One chromosome that is linear; many chromosomes that are circular

    • D. 

      Two chromosomes that are circular; eight chromosomes that are linear

    • E. 

      None of the above

  • 4. 
    Which of the following statements about mitosis is true?
    • A. 

      The chromosome number in the resulting cells is halved.

    • B. 

      DNA replication is completed in prophase.

    • C. 

      Crossing over occurs during prophase.

    • D. 

      Two genetically identical daughter cells are formed.

    • E. 

      It consists of two nuclear divisions.

  • 5. 
    DNA replication occurs
    • A. 

      During both mitosis and meiosis

    • B. 

      Only during mitosis

    • C. 

      Only during meiosis

    • D. 

      During the S phase

    • E. 

      During G2

  • 6. 
    The cells of the intestinal epithelium are continually dividing, replacing dead cells lost from teh surface of the intestinal lining.  If you examined a population of intestinal epithelial cells under the microscope, most of the cells would 
    • A. 

      Be in meiosis.

    • B. 

      Be in mitosis.

    • C. 

      Be in interphase.

    • D. 

      Have condensed chromatin.

    • E. 

      Both b and d

  • 7. 
    A cell cycle consists of 
    • A. 

      Mitosis and meiosis

    • B. 

      G1, the S phase, and G2

    • C. 

      Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

    • D. 

      Interphase and mitosis.

    • E. 

      Meiosis and fertilization.

  • 8. 
    The initiation of the S phase and teh M phase of the cell cycle depends on a pair of biochemicals called ____ and ____.
    • A. 

      Actin; myosin

    • B. 

      Cdk's; cyclin

    • C. 

      Ligand; receptor

    • D. 

      MSH; MSH-receptor

    • E. 

      ATP; ATPase

  • 9. 
    During mitosis and meiosis the chromatin compacts.  Which of teh following processe3s takes place more easily because this compaction?
    • A. 

      The orderly distribution of genetic material to two new nuclei

    • B. 

      Teh replication of the DNA

    • C. 

      Exposing the genetic information on the DNA

    • D. 

      The unwinding of DNA from around the histones

    • E. 

      The disappearance of the nuclear membrane

  • 10. 
    When dividing cells are examined under a light microscope, chromosomes first become visible during
    • A. 

      Interphase.

    • B. 

      The S phase.

    • C. 

      Prophase.

    • D. 

      G1.

    • E. 

      G2.

  • 11. 
    The structures that line up the chromatids on the equatorial plate during metaphase are called
    • A. 

      Asters.

    • B. 

      Polar and kinetochore microtubules

    • C. 

      Centrosomes.

    • D. 

      Centrioles.

    • E. 

      Histones.

  • 12. 
    The microtubules of teh mitotic spindle attach to a specialized structure in the centromere region of each chromosome called the
    • A. 

      Kinetochore.

    • B. 

      Nucleosome.

    • C. 

      Equatorial plate.

    • D. 

      Aster.

    • E. 

      Centrosome.

  • 13. 
    After the centromeres separate during mitosis, the chromatids, now called ____, move toward opposite poles of the spindle.
    • A. 

      Centrosomes

    • B. 

      Kinetochores

    • C. 

      Half-spindles

    • D. 

      Asters

    • E. 

      Daughter chromosomes

  • 14. 
    During mitotic anaphase, chromatids migrate
    • A. 

      From the poles of the cell toward the mtaphase plate.

    • B. 

      From the metaphase plate toward the poles.

    • C. 

      Toward teh nuclear envelope.

    • D. 

      Along with teir sister chromatids toward one pole.

    • E. 

      Along with the other member of the homologous pair toward the metaphase plate.

  • 15. 
    At the milestone that defines metaphase, the chromosomes
    • A. 

      Separate.

    • B. 

      Come together.

    • C. 

      Are at opposite poles.

    • D. 

      Line up at the equatorial plate.

    • E. 

      Cross over.

  • 16. 
    The sizes and shapes of chromosomes can be observed most easily in a cell that is in
    • A. 

      Prophase.

    • B. 

      Metaphase.

    • C. 

      Anaphase.

    • D. 

      Telophase.

    • E. 

      Cytokinesis.

  • 17. 
    At the milestone that defines telophase, the chromosomes
    • A. 

      Separate.

    • B. 

      Come together.

    • C. 

      Are at opposite poles.

    • D. 

      Line up.

    • E. 

      Cross over.

  • 18. 
    Chromosomes "decondense" into diffuse chromatin
    • A. 

      At the end of telophase

    • B. 

      At the beginning of prophase.

    • C. 

      At the end of interphase.

    • D. 

      At the end of metaphase.

    • E. 

      Only in dying cells.

  • 19. 
    In plant cells, cytokinesis is accomplished by the formation of a(n)
    • A. 

      Aster.

    • B. 

      Membrane furrow.

    • C. 

      Equatorial plate.

    • D. 

      Cell plate.

    • E. 

      Spindle.

  • 20. 
    The major drawback of asexual reproduction is that it
    • A. 

      Takes a great deal of time

    • B. 

      Generates variation

    • C. 

      Prevents change.

    • D. 

      Requires cytokinesis.

    • E. 

      Produces a lack of variation among the progeny.

  • 21. 
    A haploid cell is a cell
    • A. 

      In which the genes are arranged haphazardly.

    • B. 

      Containing only one copy of each chromosome.

    • C. 

      That has resulted from the process of mitosis.

    • D. 

      With twice the number of chromosomes

    • E. 

      None of the above.

  • 22. 
    Sexual reproduction increase genetic variability through
    • A. 

      The exchange of genetic information between male and female gaetes during eiosis I.

    • B. 

      The random separation of homologous chromosomes.

    • C. 

      The union of male and female gametes.

    • D. 

      Crossing over, independent assortment,a nd random fertilization

    • E. 

      Random assortment of male and female chromosomes.

  • 23. 
    Diploid cells of the fruit fly Drosophila have ten chromosomes. How many chromosomes does a Drosophila gamete have?
    • A. 

      One

    • B. 

      Two

    • C. 

      Five

    • D. 

      Ten

    • E. 

      Twenty

  • 24. 
    Each diploid cell of a human female contains ____ of each type of chromosome.
    • A. 

      One

    • B. 

      Two

    • C. 

      Four

    • D. 

      A total of 23

    • E. 

      A total of 46

  • 25. 
    Which of the following statements about homologous chromosome pairs is false?
    • A. 

      They come from only one of the individual's parents.

    • B. 

      They usually contain slightly different versions of the same gtenetic information.

    • C. 

      They separate from each other during meiosis I

    • D. 

      They synapse during meiosis I

    • E. 

      Each contains two sister chromatids at the beginning of the meiosis I

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