Biology Chapter 13
Biology chapter 13
- 1.
Evolution is what biology believes to be true.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. True -
- 2.
Darwins Sea Voyage noticed what patterns:
- A.
The unique adaptations of the organism to their environment
- B.
Fossils from South America were more like present day SA species
- C.
Organisms from Galapagos islands were unique, but more like the plants and animals from the nearest mainland.
Correct Answer(s)
A. The unique adaptations of the organism to their environment
B. Fossils from South America were more like present day SA species
C. Organisms from Galapagos islands were unique, but more like the plants and animals from the nearest mainland. -
- 3.
Artificial selection is:
- A.
Members of a population often vary in their traits, and most traits are inherited from the parent to offspring.
- B.
Humans have modified other species for centuries by selecting and breeding individual that possess desire traits.
- C.
All species are capable of producing more offspring than the environment can support.
Correct Answer
B. Humans have modified other species for centuries by selecting and breeding individual that possess desire traits. -
- 4.
What are Darwin two observation for natural selection?
- A.
All species are capable of producing more offspring than the environment can support.
- B.
Individual whose inherited traits give them a higher probability of surviving and reproducing in a given environment, tend to leave more offspring than other individuals
- C.
Members of a population often vary in their traits, and most traits are inherited from the parent to offspring.
- D.
The unequal production of offspring will cause favorable traits to accumulate in a population over generations
Correct Answer(s)
A. All species are capable of producing more offspring than the environment can support.
C. Members of a population often vary in their traits, and most traits are inherited from the parent to offspring. -
- 5.
What are Darwins (2) Inferences:
- A.
Members of a population often vary in their traits, and most traits are inherited from the parent to offspring.
- B.
All species are capable of producing more offspring than the environment can support.
- C.
The unequal production of offspring will cause favorable traits to accumulate in a population over generations
- D.
Individual whose inherited traits give them a higher probability of surviving and reproducing in a given environment, tend to leave
Correct Answer(s)
C. The unequal production of offspring will cause favorable traits to accumulate in a population over generations
D. Individual whose inherited traits give them a higher probability of surviving and reproducing in a given environment, tend to leave -
- 6.
When observing Natural selection what are some examples:
- A.
Camouflage
- B.
Chromosome with allele gives insects resistance to pesticides, where applications will bee less effective
Correct Answer(s)
A. Camouflage
B. Chromosome with allele gives insects resistance to pesticides, where applications will bee less effective -
- 7.
Fossils come from:
- A.
Fossils from older rock strata are less like today's organisms than fossils from newer rock strata
- B.
Dating Fossils- measures decay if radioisotopes
- C.
When bone and other hard tissue mineralize in sediment leaving remains and imprints as sediment hardens
Correct Answer
C. When bone and other hard tissue mineralize in sediment leaving remains and imprints as sediment hardens -
- 8.
What is dating fossils called:
- A.
Strata
- B.
Isotopes
- C.
Radioisotopes
Correct Answer
C. Radioisotopes -
- 9.
Vestigial organs are?
- A.
Genetic variations
- B.
Evidence for evaluation
- C.
Organ's present in certain species that our no longer needed. (i.e. our appendix)
Correct Answer
C. Organ's present in certain species that our no longer needed. (i.e. our appendix) -
- 10.
Molecular biology is:
- A.
Genetic variations
- B.
Organ's present in certain species that our no longer needed. (i.e. our appendix)
- C.
Evidence for evaluation
Correct Answer
C. Evidence for evaluation -
- 11.
Biogeography is:
- A.
As they adapted to Galapagos, they gave rise to new species
- B.
The geographic distributions of species. Darwin felt the pattern of geographic distribution evolved from ancestral species.
- C.
Evidence for evaluation
Correct Answer
B. The geographic distributions of species. Darwin felt the pattern of geographic distribution evolved from ancestral species. -
- 12.
Platatonics is:
- A.
Evidence for evaluation
- B.
Cause contents to move on a bed of lava causing them to shift, move, or separate.
- C.
Anatomical structures that are similar.
Correct Answer
B. Cause contents to move on a bed of lava causing them to shift, move, or separate. -
- 13.
Homologous structures are:
- A.
Things you still have but have been modified and you don't use them anymore. Genes are still there you can't see them.
- B.
Homologous structures that are of little or no importance to the organism. These are remnants of structures that served important functions in the organisms ancestors.(i.e. hind-leg and foot bones of modern whales.
- C.
Anatomical structures that are similar. But while similar may have different functions due to differences in adaptations. (i.e. arms, forelegs, flippers and wings)
Correct Answer
C. Anatomical structures that are similar. But while similar may have different functions due to differences in adaptations. (i.e. arms, forelegs, flippers and wings) -
- 14.
Vestigial Organs are:
- A.
Things you still have but have been modified and you don't use them anymore. Genes are still there you can't see them.
- B.
Teterepods have appendages other than then snacks
- C.
Reflects a series of molecular changes over time
Correct Answer
A. Things you still have but have been modified and you don't use them anymore. Genes are still there you can't see them. -
- 15.
Molecular record is
- A.
The sequence differences are used to design evolutionary trees(aka Phylogeneic trees)
- B.
The more closely a species is related, the more homology between their DNA and Protein sequences.
- C.
Reflects a series of molecular changes over time.The record is observed in DNA and protein sequences
Correct Answer(s)
A. The sequence differences are used to design evolutionary trees(aka Phylogeneic trees)
B. The more closely a species is related, the more homology between their DNA and Protein sequences.
C. Reflects a series of molecular changes over time.The record is observed in DNA and protein sequences -
- 16.
The evolution of populations is:
- A.
It is tracked by measuring changes to the numbers of certain alleles of genes in the population over many generations
- B.
Populations that evolve, not individuals because an individuals genes don not change. A population is a group of individuals of the same species living in the place at the same time.
- C.
The total collection of these genes is called the gene pool
Correct Answer
B. Populations that evolve, not individuals because an individuals genes don not change. A population is a group of individuals of the same species living in the place at the same time. -
- 17.
What is the total collection of genes called:
- A.
Gene pool
- B.
Microevolution
- C.
Genteic variation
Correct Answer
A. Gene pool -
- 18.
Microevolution occurs when:
- A.
Allows for differences among traits. That's why we all look different from one another
- B.
Natural selection favors certain heritable traits over others
- C.
One allele becomes more predominant that another over time. This changes an alleles frequencies
Correct Answer
C. One allele becomes more predominant that another over time. This changes an alleles frequencies -
- 19.
Genetic Variation drives Microevolution by:
- A.
Favoring certain hertable traits over others
- B.
Allowing differences among traits. That's why we all look different from one another
- C.
It results from mutation and sexual reproduction.
Correct Answer(s)
A. Favoring certain hertable traits over others
B. Allowing differences among traits. That's why we all look different from one another
C. It results from mutation and sexual reproduction. -
- 20.
What does the "Hardy-Weinberg equation test?
- A.
Small population-unstable chance of spreading bad alleles
- B.
Not changing, you are not evolving
- C.
Whether a population is evolving. If the allele frequency are changing then the population is evolving
Correct Answer
C. Whether a population is evolving. If the allele frequency are changing then the population is evolving -
- 21.
The Hardy-Weomber equation does not work when the following assumptions are meet.
- A.
Very large populations( with this, you have a higher rare of allele frequencies)
- B.
No gene flow between populations( no immigrants, or emigrants)
- C.
No mutations
- D.
Random mating
- E.
No natural selection (cannot adapt to enviornment)
Correct Answer(s)
A. Very large populations( with this, you have a higher rare of allele frequencies)
B. No gene flow between populations( no immigrants, or emigrants)
C. No mutations
D. Random mating
E. No natural selection (cannot adapt to enviornment) -
- 22.
What estimates the frequency of harmful alleles in a population such as PKU?
- A.
Darwin's Thory
- B.
The Hardy-Weinberg Equation
- C.
Change in the gene pool due to chance occur with small populations
Correct Answer
B. The Hardy-Weinberg Equation -
- 23.
Mechanisms of Evolution:
- A.
Natural Selection:
- B.
Genetic Drift
- C.
Bottleneck effect
- D.
Founder effect
- E.
Gene flow
Correct Answer(s)
A. Natural Selection:
B. Genetic Drift
C. Bottleneck effect
D. Founder effect
E. Gene flow -
- 24.
Natural Selection:
- A.
Change in the gene pool due to chance, occurs in a small population
- B.
Advantageous alleles for particular environment allow for better survival and reproduction thus increasing their frequency in a population in that environment
- C.
A significant reduction in the population number. (Natural disaster wipes them out)
- D.
Adapt to the environment, and you have the right genetics to survive better.
Correct Answer
B. Advantageous alleles for particular environment allow for better survival and reproduction thus increasing their frequency in a population in that environment -
- 25.
Genetic drift:
- A.
A significant reduction in the population number. (Natural disaster wipes them out)
- B.
Change in the gene pool due to chance, occurs in a small population
- C.
Few individuals colonize an isolated island. (amish people, gene pool is small
Correct Answer
B. Change in the gene pool due to chance, occurs in a small population -
- 26.
Bottleneck Effect:
- A.
A significant reduction in the population number. (Natural disaster wipes them out)
- B.
Change in the gene pool due to chance, occurs in a small population
- C.
Few individuals colonize an isolated island. (amish people, gene pool is small
Correct Answer
A. A significant reduction in the population number. (Natural disaster wipes them out) -
- 27.
Founder effect:
- A.
Individuals bring in new alleles or leave taking out alleles
- B.
Few individuals colonize an isolated island. (Amish people, gene pool is small
- C.
Change in the gene pool due to chance, occurs in a small population
Correct Answer
B. Few individuals colonize an isolated island. (Amish people, gene pool is small -
- 28.
Gene Flow:
- A.
Individuals bring in new alleles or leave taking out alleles
- B.
Few individuals colonize an isolated island. (famish people, gene pool is small
- C.
Change in the gene pool due to chance, occurs in a small population
Correct Answer
A. Individuals bring in new alleles or leave taking out alleles -
- 29.
Bottlenecks are caused by:
- A.
Natural disasters that wipes out a population, and leaves the surviving population now what it was before. Big time evolution will take place.
- B.
Fitness is what you are able to pass on to the next generation. "Good Genes" It's not how fit your are.
- C.
Important in your population
Correct Answer
A. Natural disasters that wipes out a population, and leaves the surviving population now what it was before. Big time evolution will take place. -
- 30.
Natural selection leads to adaptive evolution by:
- A.
Fitness is not a survival of the fittest. One must not only survive, one must reproduce to have fitness in evolutionary terms.
- B.
What makes a good match between an organism and its environment is continually changing
- C.
Important in your population
Correct Answer(s)
A. Fitness is not a survival of the fittest. One must not only survive, one must reproduce to have fitness in evolutionary terms.
B. What makes a good match between an organism and its environment is continually changing -
- 31.
Fitness is:
- A.
Important in your population
- B.
So important in a population to have genetic variability-so you can meet the changes in your environment
- C.
The contribution an individual makes to the gene pool of of the next generation. What you are able to pass on to the next generation. "Good Genes" It's not how fit your are.
Correct Answer(s)
B. So important in a population to have genetic variability-so you can meet the changes in your environment
C. The contribution an individual makes to the gene pool of of the next generation. What you are able to pass on to the next generation. "Good Genes" It's not how fit your are. -
- 32.
Forms of Selection:
- A.
Stabilizing selection
- B.
Directional Selection
- C.
Disruptive Selection
Correct Answer(s)
A. Stabilizing selection
B. Directional Selection
C. Disruptive Selection -
- 33.
Stabilizing Selection:
- A.
Favors the intermediate phenotype(hetrozygote) and typically occurs in relatively stable environments.(Bb)
- B.
Favors one extreme phenotype(homozygote) over another by selection against the alternate phenotype. This usually due to a change in the environment.
- C.
Favors both extreme phenotypes (BB & bb)
Correct Answer
A. Favors the intermediate phenotype(hetrozygote) and typically occurs in relatively stable environments.(Bb) -
- 34.
Directional Selection:
- A.
Favors both extreme phenotypes (BB & bb)
- B.
Favors one extreme phenotype(homozygote) over another by selection against the alternate phenotype. This usually due to a change in the environment.
- C.
Favors the intermediate phenotype(hetrozygote) and typically occurs in relatively stable environments.(Bb)
Correct Answer
B. Favors one extreme phenotype(homozygote) over another by selection against the alternate phenotype. This usually due to a change in the environment. -
- 35.
Disruptive Selection:
- A.
Natural selection can only act on phenotypes. Recessive alleles in carriers are hiding, this allow them to remain in the gene pool.
- B.
What prevents natural selection from eliminating the variation as it selects against unfavorable genotypes
- C.
Favors both extreme phenotypes (BB & bb)
Correct Answer
C. Favors both extreme phenotypes (BB & bb) -
- 36.
Balancing Selection preserves genetic variation by:
- A.
Natural selection can only act on phenotypes. Recessive alleles in carriers are hiding, this allow them to remain in the gene pool.
- B.
Evolution is not goal directed
- C.
The evidence for evolution is observed in the imperfections of the organisms it produces
Correct Answer
A. Natural selection can only act on phenotypes. Recessive alleles in carriers are hiding, this allow them to remain in the gene pool. -
- 37.
The evidence for evolution is observed in the imperfections of the organisms it produces:
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. True -
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