Biology: Test Your Cells Knowledge! Quiz
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What do you know about cells? Do you think you understand enough to pass this quiz? The cell is the fundamental structural, functional, and biological part of all known organisms. A cell is the smallest possible component of life. Cells are frequently called “the construction blocks of life. ” The analysis of cells is called cell biology. Take this quiz and test your knowledge about cells.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
The connections between two cells that allows molecules to pass between them would be ____________, while the strongest connections would be called ___________.
- A.
Plasmodestmata , gap junctions
- B.
Gap junctions, plasmodestmata
- C.
Gap junctions, desmosomes
- D.
Tight junctionsm desomosomes
Correct Answer
C. Gap junctions, desmosomesExplanation
Gap junctions are connections between two cells that allow molecules to pass between them. These junctions are formed by proteins called connexins, which create small channels that allow for the direct transfer of ions and small molecules. Gap junctions are important for cell communication and coordination. On the other hand, desmosomes are the strongest connections between cells. They are formed by proteins called cadherins, which anchor cells together and provide mechanical strength. Desmosomes are particularly important in tissues that experience mechanical stress, such as the skin and heart muscles.Rate this question:
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- 2.
In the formation of a protein, the wrong or incorrect amino acid could have either a major effect or no effect depending on what the error does to the protein function.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The statement is suggesting that the effect of a wrong or incorrect amino acid in the formation of a protein can vary. It could either have a major effect on the protein's function or no effect at all. This implies that the incorrect amino acid can potentially disrupt the protein's structure or alter its function, leading to significant consequences. Therefore, the statement is true.Rate this question:
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- 3.
The nucleolus is located in the________, whereas free ribosomes are found in the _________.
- A.
Grana, thylacoids
- B.
Nucleolus, thylacoids
- C.
Nucleus, cytoplasm
- D.
Cytoplasm, nucleolus
- E.
Grana, nucleus
Correct Answer
C. Nucleus, cytoplasmExplanation
The nucleolus is located in the nucleus, which is the control center of the cell. It is responsible for producing ribosomes. On the other hand, free ribosomes are found in the cytoplasm, which is the fluid-filled region outside the nucleus. Free ribosomes are involved in protein synthesis and can be found throughout the cytoplasm.Rate this question:
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- 4.
The movement of molecules in and out of a cell by permeases/facilitated duffusion _________.
- A.
Moves particles from a region of lower collision to a region of higher collision
- B.
Moves particles from a region of higher collision to a region of lower collision
- C.
Requires a carrier and no expenditure of chemical energy
- D.
Requires a carrier and an expenditure of chemical energy(ATP)
- E.
Both b & c
Correct Answer
E. Both b & cExplanation
Permeases or facilitated diffusion allows the movement of molecules in and out of a cell. It moves particles from a region of higher collision to a region of lower collision, which is indicated by option b. Additionally, this process requires a carrier but does not require an expenditure of chemical energy, as mentioned in option c. Therefore, the correct answer is both b and c.Rate this question:
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- 5.
The golgi apparatus functions in _________.
- A.
Packaging molecules like glycoproteins and hydrolytic enzymes into vacuoles for export out of the cell.
- B.
Cell respiration
- C.
Packaging molecules like glycoproteins and hydrolyctic enzymes into vacuoles for import into the cell
- D.
Glycosis
- E.
Controlling protein synthesis
Correct Answer
A. Packaging molecules like glycoproteins and hydrolytic enzymes into vacuoles for export out of the cell.Explanation
The Golgi apparatus is responsible for packaging molecules like glycoproteins and hydrolytic enzymes into vacuoles for export out of the cell. This process involves modifying and sorting these molecules before they are packaged into vesicles and transported to the cell membrane for secretion. The Golgi apparatus plays a crucial role in the secretion of proteins and other molecules from the cell.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Carrying capacity is reached or occurs when the population growth is ________.
- A.
Slowing down
- B.
Leveling off
- C.
Accelerating
- D.
Rapidly declining
Correct Answer
B. Leveling offExplanation
Carrying capacity refers to the maximum number of individuals that a particular environment can sustainably support. When the population growth is leveling off, it means that the population is approaching its carrying capacity and the rate of growth is slowing down. This occurs because the available resources and space in the environment become limited, leading to a decrease in the population's growth rate. Therefore, the correct answer is "leveling off."Rate this question:
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- 7.
Organelles like mitochondria can be destroyed and digested by lysosomes, while not longer needed proteins are removed by proteosomes.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Mitochondria, which are responsible for producing energy in cells, can be destroyed and digested by lysosomes, which act as the cell's recycling centers. This process, known as autophagy, helps eliminate damaged or unnecessary mitochondria. Additionally, proteins that are no longer needed in the cell are broken down by proteosomes, which are specialized protein complexes. Therefore, the statement that organelles like mitochondria can be destroyed and digested by lysosomes, while not longer needed proteins are removed by proteosomes, is true.Rate this question:
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- 8.
The cell cycle has a built-in molecular brake to stop cells from dividing continuously in stage _________, which also has some control over cancer.
- A.
S-1
- B.
G-2
- C.
G-0
- D.
S-2
- E.
G-1
Correct Answer
C. G-0Explanation
The cell cycle has a built-in molecular brake to stop cells from dividing continuously in stage G-0, which also has some control over cancer. In stage G-0, cells exit the cell cycle and enter a quiescent state where they temporarily stop dividing. This allows cells to rest, repair DNA damage, or differentiate into specialized cell types. The presence of the G-0 phase helps prevent uncontrolled cell division and the development of cancerous cells.Rate this question:
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- 9.
If the concentration of sugar/glucose is 10 times more concentrated in a cell than outside the cell, yet sugar/glucose is continuously moving into the cell against the concentration gradient. The process by which sugar/glucose moves is called __________ .
- A.
Nonactive transport
- B.
Osmosis
- C.
Active transport
- D.
Simple diffusion
- E.
Facilitated diffusion
Correct Answer
C. Active transportExplanation
Active transport is the process by which substances are moved against their concentration gradient, requiring the use of energy. In this case, even though the concentration of sugar/glucose is 10 times more concentrated inside the cell, it is still moving into the cell. This suggests that active transport is occurring, as it is able to move substances from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Fossil fuels are formed from _______of dead animals, plants, and prokaryotes.
- A.
Carbohydrates
- B.
Nuclelic acids
- C.
All foodstuffs
- D.
Lipids
- E.
Sugars in cellulose
Correct Answer
C. All foodstuffsExplanation
Fossil fuels are formed from the remains of dead animals, plants, and prokaryotes, which are all considered foodstuffs. These foodstuffs include carbohydrates, nucleic acids, lipids, and sugars in cellulose. Over millions of years, the organic matter from these sources undergoes heat and pressure, transforming into fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas.Rate this question:
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- 11.
The order of nucleotides in the DNA determines the order/sequence ____________.
- A.
Of the amino acids in protein
- B.
Of sugars in carbohydrates
- C.
Arrangement of fatty acids in the cell
- D.
Of sugars in cellulose
Correct Answer
A. Of the amino acids in proteinExplanation
The order of nucleotides in the DNA determines the order/sequence of the amino acids in protein. DNA carries the genetic information in the form of nucleotide sequences, and this information is transcribed into mRNA, which is then translated into proteins. The sequence of nucleotides in DNA determines the sequence of amino acids in the protein, as each three-nucleotide codon codes for a specific amino acid. Therefore, the correct answer is "of the amino acids in protein."Rate this question:
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- 12.
What is the sequence of bases on the messenger RNA copied from this I-DNA strand? 3'AACCTTCACCCT 5'
- A.
TTGGAAGTGGGA
- B.
TGTACCTACTGT
- C.
UUGGAAGUGGGA
- D.
ACTTGCATGAGA
Correct Answer
C. UUGGAAGUGGGAExplanation
The given I-DNA strand has the sequence 3'AACCTTCACCCT5'. To determine the sequence of bases on the messenger RNA (mRNA) copied from this I-DNA strand, we need to remember the complementary base pairing rules: A pairs with U (uracil) and C pairs with G (guanine). Therefore, the mRNA sequence will have U instead of A and G instead of C. Based on these rules, the mRNA sequence copied from the given I-DNA strand is 5'UUGGAAGUGGGA3'.Rate this question:
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- 13.
The most important part of the scientific method that is used to prove or disprove an educated guess.
- A.
Observation
- B.
Hypothesis
- C.
Experimentation
- D.
Theory
- E.
Law
Correct Answer
C. ExperimentationExplanation
Experimentation is the most important part of the scientific method because it allows scientists to test their hypotheses and gather evidence to support or refute them. Through experimentation, scientists can control variables, manipulate conditions, and collect data to draw conclusions about the phenomenon being studied. This process helps to ensure that the results are reliable and can be replicated by other researchers. Experimentation is essential for validating scientific theories and laws, as it provides empirical evidence to support or reject the initial educated guess or hypothesis.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Pastuer's experiment proved that life, like bacteria/prokaryotes, ____________.
- A.
Comes from nutrients
- B.
Came from air
- C.
Do not come from the air
- D.
Came from rags
- E.
None of these
Correct Answer
B. Came from airExplanation
Pastuer's experiment proved that life, like bacteria/prokaryotes, came from air. This experiment, known as the swan-neck flask experiment, involved sterilizing a broth in a flask with a long, curved neck. The curved neck prevented dust and microorganisms from entering the flask, while still allowing air to pass through. Pastuer observed that no growth occurred in the broth, demonstrating that spontaneous generation did not occur and that microorganisms in the broth came from the air. This experiment provided evidence for the theory of biogenesis, which states that living organisms arise from other living organisms.Rate this question:
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- 15.
A population of animals grows _____________
- A.
Geometrically
- B.
Arthimetically
- C.
Both geometrically and arthimetically
Correct Answer
C. Both geometrically and arthimeticallyExplanation
A population of animals grows both geometrically and arithmetically. Geometric growth refers to the exponential increase in population size, where each generation reproduces at a constant rate and the population size doubles over time. Arithmetical growth, on the other hand, refers to a linear increase in population size, where each generation adds a constant number of individuals. Therefore, a population can experience both types of growth simultaneously, with the number of offspring increasing exponentially and the addition of new individuals occurring linearly.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Increases in the amounts of available food might cause the carrying capacity to DECREASE.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Increases in the amounts of available food can actually cause the carrying capacity to decrease. This is because when there is an abundance of food, it can lead to an increase in population size. As the population grows, the resources available become limited and eventually cannot support the entire population. This leads to competition for resources and can result in a decrease in the carrying capacity of the environment.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Rather than gaining or losing electrons Carbon atoms from ___________ covalent bonds because it takes to much energy to gain or lose two electrons.
- A.
One
- B.
Two
- C.
Three
- D.
Four
Correct Answer
D. FourExplanation
Carbon atoms form four covalent bonds because it takes too much energy to either gain or lose two electrons. By sharing electrons with other atoms, carbon can achieve a stable electron configuration, filling its outermost energy level with eight electrons. This allows carbon to form strong and stable bonds with other atoms, making it a versatile element that can form a wide variety of compounds.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Life is probably built around the carbon atom because carbon can form millions of carbon compounds such as proteins, carbohydrates, DNA, RNA, and lipids.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Carbon is the basis of life because it has the unique ability to form strong covalent bonds with other carbon atoms and a variety of other elements. This allows carbon to form complex molecular structures, such as proteins, carbohydrates, DNA, RNA, and lipids, which are essential for life. The versatility of carbon in forming these compounds makes it an ideal element for the building blocks of life.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Huxley, 1825-1895, stated that the scientific method is "nothing but trained or organized common sense"
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The given statement is true. Huxley, a prominent scientist from the 19th century, believed that the scientific method is essentially an organized form of common sense. This implies that the scientific method is not something mysterious or esoteric, but rather a systematic and logical approach to understanding the world around us. By applying critical thinking and observation, one can use common sense to formulate hypotheses, conduct experiments, and draw conclusions based on evidence. Huxley's perspective highlights the accessibility and practicality of the scientific method.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Whereas amino acids are held together by _________ bonds, disaccharides consist of two monosaccharides bonded together by _________ bonds, and fats are formed from _____ bonds.
- A.
Hydrogen, peptide, ester
- B.
Peptide, glycosidic , ester
- C.
Glycosidic, peptide, ester
- D.
Glycosidic, ester, peptide
Correct Answer
B. Peptide, glycosidic , esterExplanation
Amino acids are held together by peptide bonds, which are formed through a condensation reaction between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another. Disaccharides, on the other hand, consist of two monosaccharides bonded together by glycosidic bonds, which are formed through a condensation reaction between the hydroxyl groups of the monosaccharides. Fats are formed from ester bonds, which are formed through a condensation reaction between the carboxyl group of a fatty acid and the hydroxyl group of an alcohol.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Because it decompses very slowly, which of the foodstuffs would be most important in forming fossil fuels?
- A.
Most protiens
- B.
Fats
- C.
Cellulose
- D.
Starch
Correct Answer
D. StarchExplanation
Starch would be the most important foodstuff in forming fossil fuels because it decomposes very slowly. When organic matter, such as plants or animals, decomposes slowly, it can be buried and subjected to pressure and heat over millions of years, eventually forming fossil fuels like coal, oil, and natural gas. Starch, being a complex carbohydrate, takes a long time to break down naturally, making it an ideal candidate for the formation of fossil fuels.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Transcription occurs in the __________. Translation occurs on the __________.
- A.
Ribosomes, nucleus
- B.
Mitochondria, nucleus
- C.
Nucleus, lysosomes
- D.
Nucleus, ribosomes
- E.
Golgi body, ribosomes
Correct Answer
D. Nucleus, ribosomesExplanation
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from DNA, and it occurs in the nucleus. Translation is the process of protein synthesis, where the RNA is used as a template to produce proteins, and it occurs on the ribosomes.Rate this question:
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- 23.
There are no dietary essential ___________, only nine dietary essential _________ for most animals .
- A.
Sugars , amino acids
- B.
Carbohydrates, nucleotides
- C.
Carbohydrates, fatty acids
- D.
Vitamins, fatty acids
- E.
Nucleotides, fatty acids
Correct Answer
A. Sugars , amino acidsExplanation
The statement mentions that there are no dietary essential "sugars" and "amino acids", but there are nine dietary essential "carbohydrates" and "fatty acids" for most animals. This means that sugars and amino acids are not considered essential nutrients in the diet, while carbohydrates and fatty acids are necessary for animals.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Saturated fatty acids have one, two or more double bonds (C=C) and are less dangerous to the cardiovascular system than unsaturated fatty acids, which have single bonds.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The given statement is false. Saturated fatty acids do not have any double bonds (C=C) and instead have single bonds. Unsaturated fatty acids, on the other hand, have one or more double bonds. It is actually the unsaturated fatty acids that are considered to be less dangerous to the cardiovascular system compared to saturated fatty acids. Unsaturated fats, such as those found in olive oil and avocados, can help lower bad cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of heart disease when consumed in moderation.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Dietary essential amino acids for animals are not synthesized in large enough quantities (arginine) or must be synthesized by some other organism (plants usu., 8 others)
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Dietary essential amino acids, such as arginine, are not produced in sufficient quantities by animals. This means that animals must obtain these amino acids from their diet in order to meet their nutritional needs. Additionally, some essential amino acids can only be synthesized by other organisms, typically plants. Therefore, it is true that animals rely on external sources to obtain these essential amino acids.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Because water ___________water will dissolve more molecules than any other liquid.
- A.
Contains a nitrogen atom
- B.
Has a carboxyl group (acidic)
- C.
Has a 'R' group
- D.
Has an amino acid group (basic)
- E.
Is dipolar with weak positive and negative charges
Correct Answer
E. Is dipolar with weak positive and negative chargesExplanation
Water is dipolar with weak positive and negative charges. This means that the water molecule has a slightly positive charge on one end and a slightly negative charge on the other end. This property allows water to form hydrogen bonds with other molecules, making it an excellent solvent. The positive end of water can attract and surround negatively charged molecules, while the negative end can attract and surround positively charged molecules. This ability to dissolve a wide range of molecules makes water unique among liquids.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Fats/ lipids, both solids and oils, contain three fatty acids bonded to glycerol
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Fats and lipids consist of three fatty acids that are bonded to a glycerol molecule. This molecular structure is known as a triglyceride. Triglycerides can exist as both solids (fats) and liquids (oils) depending on the type of fatty acids present. Therefore, the statement that fats and lipids contain three fatty acids bonded to glycerol is true.Rate this question:
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- 28.
The world is facing a ________ shortage or actually a shortage of __________.
- A.
Vitamin, dietary essential nucleeotides
- B.
Protein, dietary essential amino acids
- C.
Lipid, dietary essential amino acids
- D.
Carbohydrates, dietary essential fatty acids
- E.
Vitamin, dietary essential nucleotides
Correct Answer
B. Protein, dietary essential amino acidsExplanation
The correct answer is "protein, dietary essential amino acids". Protein is an essential macronutrient that the body needs for growth, repair, and maintenance of tissues. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins and are essential because the body cannot produce them on its own. Therefore, a shortage of protein or dietary essential amino acids can lead to various health issues and deficiencies.Rate this question:
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- 29.
The role or function of the enzyme amenoacyl TRNA synthetase is to place another amino acid (same kind as before ) on the _______________.
- A.
MRNA
- B.
TDNA
- C.
TRNA
- D.
Ribosomal RNA
Correct Answer
C. TRNAExplanation
The role or function of the enzyme amenoacyl TRNA synthetase is to place another amino acid (same kind as before) on the TRNA. This enzyme is responsible for attaching the correct amino acid to its corresponding tRNA molecule during protein synthesis. By doing so, it ensures that the correct amino acid sequence is maintained and that the protein is correctly synthesized.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Plant leaves and stems are usually high in __________.
- A.
Protein concentrations
- B.
Quantity of dietary essential amino acids
- C.
Dietary fatty acids
- D.
Fiber like lignin & cellulose
- E.
Both a & b
Correct Answer
D. Fiber like lignin & celluloseExplanation
Plant leaves and stems are usually high in fiber like lignin and cellulose. Fiber is a complex carbohydrate that cannot be digested by humans, but it plays a crucial role in maintaining a healthy digestive system. Lignin and cellulose are the main components of plant cell walls, providing structural support. Additionally, they contribute to the bulk of dietary fiber, aiding in proper bowel movements and preventing constipation. Therefore, the correct answer is fiber like lignin & cellulose.Rate this question:
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- 31.
In very young children deficiencies in __________ cause Kawashiorkor which does NOT result in ____________.
- A.
Protein, bloated look
- B.
DNA, degeneration of the liver
- C.
Sugars, anemia
- D.
Fatty acids, mental retardation
- E.
Protein, healthy look
Correct Answer
A. Protein, bloated lookExplanation
In very young children, deficiencies in protein cause Kawashiorkor, which is a form of malnutrition. This condition does NOT result in a bloated look.Rate this question:
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- 32.
Which of the following are true about nucleic acids like DNA?
- A.
Largest of biological molecules
- B.
Carry genetic information
- C.
Codes for and forms protein molecules
- D.
Codes for and forms the molecules of ribosomal RNA & messenger RNA
- E.
all are true
Correct Answer
E. all are trueExplanation
All the statements about nucleic acids like DNA are true. Nucleic acids are the largest biological molecules and they carry genetic information. They also code for and form protein molecules, as well as the molecules of ribosomal RNA and messenger RNA.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Vitamins are organic molecules that are needed in small amounts and are necessary for survival and growth, but are made by plants and NOT made by animals.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Vitamins are essential nutrients that are required in small quantities for the proper functioning and growth of the body. While animals require vitamins for their survival and growth, they are unable to synthesize these organic molecules on their own. Plants, on the other hand, are capable of producing vitamins through various biochemical processes. Therefore, the statement that vitamins are made by plants and not made by animals is true.Rate this question:
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- 34.
Vitamins include A,B,C,D,E,K, are made by man because they are necessary for survival
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The statement is false. Vitamins are not made by man, but are naturally occurring organic compounds that are essential for the normal functioning of the body. While some vitamins can be synthesized in laboratories, they are primarily obtained through a balanced diet that includes fruits, vegetables, and other food sources.Rate this question:
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- 35.
The sweetest sugar is ______, cane sugar is _________, and milk sugar is ____________.
- A.
Sucrose, fructose, lactose
- B.
Glucose, fructose, lactose
- C.
Fructose, sucrose, lactose
- D.
Sucrose, glucose, lactose
- E.
Sucrose, maltose, glucose
Correct Answer
C. Fructose, sucrose, lactoseExplanation
The sweetest sugar is fructose, as it is the most naturally occurring sugar and is known for its high sweetness level. Cane sugar is sucrose, which is a combination of fructose and glucose molecules. Milk sugar is lactose, which is found in milk and dairy products and is made up of glucose and galactose molecules.Rate this question:
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- 36.
The most abundant/ common atoms in foodstuffs and the ones life is built around would be which of the following elements/atoms
- A.
Sodium (Na), Hydrogen (H), oxygen (O)
- B.
Carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O)
- C.
Hydrogen (H), sulfur (S), nitrogen (N)
- D.
Calcium (Ca), sodium (Na), oxygen (O)
- E.
Oxygen (O), hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N)
Correct Answer
B. Carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O)Explanation
The most abundant/common atoms in foodstuffs and the ones life is built around are carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O). These elements are essential for the formation of organic molecules, such as carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids, which are the building blocks of life. Carbon provides the backbone for these molecules, while hydrogen and oxygen are crucial for their composition. Sodium (Na), sulfur (S), nitrogen (N), and calcium (Ca) are also important elements, but they are not as abundant or essential for life as carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.Rate this question:
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- 37.
A positive subatomic particle would be called a/an ____________, while a negative subatomic particle would be called a/an __________, and a neutral particle would be a/an____________.
- A.
Electron, neutron, proton
- B.
Proton, electron, neutron
- C.
Neutron,proton, electron
- D.
Electron, proton, neutron.
Correct Answer
B. Proton, electron, neutronExplanation
A positive subatomic particle is called a proton, as it carries a positive charge. A negative subatomic particle is called an electron, as it carries a negative charge. A neutral particle is called a neutron, as it carries no charge.Rate this question:
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- 38.
Oxygen, carbon dioxide , water, and other small molecules cross/ pass through the plasma membrane pores via the process of ________________.
- A.
Endocytosis
- B.
Active transport
- C.
Exocytosis
- D.
Simple diffusion
- E.
Facilitated diffusion
Correct Answer
D. Simple diffusionExplanation
Simple diffusion is the process by which small molecules, such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, water, and other small molecules, pass through the plasma membrane pores without the need for energy or assistance from transport proteins. This process occurs due to the concentration gradient, where molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration until equilibrium is reached. Therefore, simple diffusion is the correct process through which these molecules cross the plasma membrane.Rate this question:
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- 39.
The cellular organelle called the ________ is also called the powerhouse of the cell because it makes most of the cell's ____________.
- A.
Lysosome, ATP
- B.
Mitochondrion, ATP
- C.
Cytoplasm, vitamins
- D.
Nucleus, vitamins
- E.
Ribosome, minerals
Correct Answer
B. Mitochondrion, ATPExplanation
The correct answer is mitochondrion, ATP. The mitochondrion is known as the powerhouse of the cell because it is responsible for producing most of the cell's ATP, which is the main source of energy for cellular processes.Rate this question:
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- 40.
Glycoproteins and other proteins of the plasma membrane could participate in which of the following
- A.
Hormone receptor
- B.
Active transport
- C.
Structural support
- D.
Cell to cell recognition
- E.
All the above
Correct Answer
E. All the aboveExplanation
Glycoproteins and other proteins of the plasma membrane are involved in various functions. They can act as hormone receptors, allowing cells to respond to specific signals. They also play a role in active transport, which is the movement of molecules across the membrane against their concentration gradient. Additionally, these proteins provide structural support to the cell membrane, maintaining its shape and integrity. They are also involved in cell-to-cell recognition, allowing cells to interact and communicate with each other. Therefore, the correct answer is "all the above" as these proteins participate in hormone receptor activity, active transport, structural support, and cell-to-cell recognition.Rate this question:
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- 41.
A process by which proteins/ large particles and fluid/water can leave a cell may be by
- A.
Endocytosis, exocytosis
- B.
Osmosis, endocytosis
- C.
Exocytosis, endocytosis
- D.
Exocytosis, osmosis
Correct Answer
C. Exocytosis, endocytosisExplanation
Exocytosis is the process by which proteins and large particles are released from a cell, while endocytosis is the process by which substances are taken into the cell. Therefore, exocytosis allows proteins and large particles to leave the cell, and endocytosis allows fluid and water to enter the cell.Rate this question:
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- 42.
In osmosis, movement or diffusion of water is always from the solution with the higher concentration/ more water molecules because of more collisions. Collisions are greatest in hot rather than cold water.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration. This process occurs due to the collisions between water molecules and solute particles. Since collisions are greater in hot water compared to cold water, the movement or diffusion of water is more likely to occur from the solution with higher concentration (or more water molecules) to the one with lower concentration. Therefore, the statement is true.Rate this question:
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- 43.
The ribosomes function in ____________
- A.
Cell respiration
- B.
Transcription
- C.
Reading the MRNA
- D.
Controlling protein synthesis
- E.
Active transport
Correct Answer
C. Reading the MRNAExplanation
Ribosomes are responsible for reading the mRNA (messenger RNA) during the process of protein synthesis. They decode the genetic information carried by mRNA and use it to assemble amino acids in the correct order, forming a polypeptide chain which eventually folds into a functional protein. Therefore, the correct answer is "reading the MRNA".Rate this question:
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- 44.
As a source of protein in nutrition, among seeds _________ would have the LOWEST QUALITY/LESS dietary essential amino acids.
- A.
Corn
- B.
Rice
- C.
Beans
- D.
Wheat
- E.
Soybeans and sunflower seeds
Correct Answer
A. CornExplanation
Corn would have the lowest quality/less dietary essential amino acids among the given options. Corn is a grain that is relatively low in protein compared to other seeds like beans, wheat, soybeans, and sunflower seeds. It lacks certain essential amino acids that are necessary for proper nutrition. Therefore, corn would be the least beneficial source of protein in terms of its amino acid content.Rate this question:
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- 45.
The sharing of electrons in called_________ while bonds formed from gain or loss of electrons are called _____________
- A.
Ionic bonding, covalent bonding
- B.
Covalent bonding, ionic bonding
- C.
Hydrogen bonding covalent bonding
- D.
Covalent bonding, hydrogen bonding
Correct Answer
B. Covalent bonding, ionic bondingExplanation
Covalent bonding refers to the sharing of electrons between atoms, while ionic bonding refers to the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, resulting in the formation of positive and negative ions. In covalent bonding, atoms share electrons in order to achieve a stable electron configuration. On the other hand, in ionic bonding, one atom loses electrons to become positively charged (cation) and another atom gains those electrons to become negatively charged (anion).Rate this question:
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- 46.
What is the sequence of bases on the strand complementary DNA that is synthesized from the original strand 3' AACCTTCACCCT 5'
- A.
UGUACCUACUGU
- B.
TGGACCCACTGT
- C.
UUGGAAGUGGGA
- D.
TTGGAAGTGGGA
- E.
AUGGAAGUGGGA
Correct Answer
D. TTGGAAGTGGGAExplanation
The sequence of bases on the complementary DNA strand is determined by pairing each base with its complementary base. In DNA, adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T), and cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G). The original strand has the sequence 3' AACCTTCACCCT 5'. To find the complementary DNA strand, we need to pair each base with its complementary base. A pairs with T, T pairs with A, C pairs with G, and G pairs with C. Therefore, the complementary DNA strand would have the sequence 5' TTGGAAGTGGGA 3'.Rate this question:
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- 47.
Name the structure/ organelle where the synthesis/production of TRNA and ribosomal RNA takes place
- A.
Ribosome
- B.
Mitochondria
- C.
Lysosome
- D.
Nucleolus
- E.
Centriole
Correct Answer
D. NucleolusExplanation
The nucleolus is the correct answer because it is the structure within the nucleus of a cell where the synthesis and production of tRNA and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) takes place. The nucleolus is responsible for assembling the ribosomes, which are essential for protein synthesis in the cell. It contains the DNA that codes for rRNA and also houses the enzymes and other components necessary for the production of tRNA and rRNA molecules.Rate this question:
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- 48.
What is the anticodon on the TRNA for the second codon on mRNA UUGGAAGUGGGA
- A.
CCU
- B.
CAC
- C.
CUU
- D.
UUA
- E.
GAG
Correct Answer
C. CUUExplanation
The anticodon on the tRNA for the second codon on mRNA UUGGAAGUGGGA is CUU. The anticodon is a sequence of three nucleotides on the tRNA molecule that is complementary to the codon on the mRNA. In this case, the codon UUG on the mRNA pairs with the anticodon AAC on the tRNA. Since the question asks for the anticodon for the second codon, we look at the next three nucleotides on the mRNA, which are GAA. The complementary anticodon for GAA is CUU.Rate this question:
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- 49.
Proteins that form little spools on which the chromosomal DNA is wound are called
- A.
Kinetochores
- B.
Centrioles
- C.
Histones
- D.
Spindles
- E.
Motor proteins
Correct Answer
C. HistonesExplanation
Histones are proteins that form little spools on which the chromosomal DNA is wound. They play a crucial role in organizing and compacting DNA within the nucleus of a cell. Histones help in the regulation of gene expression and protect DNA from damage. They are essential for the structural integrity of chromosomes and are involved in various cellular processes such as DNA replication, repair, and transcription.Rate this question:
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- 50.
The order of the ___________ determines the shape and function of a protein.
- A.
Nucleotides
- B.
Fatty acids
- C.
Sugars
- D.
Amino acids
Correct Answer
D. Amino acidsExplanation
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. The order or sequence in which amino acids are arranged determines the shape and function of a protein. Each amino acid has a unique side chain that interacts with other amino acids in the sequence, leading to the formation of specific structures such as alpha helices and beta sheets. These structures ultimately determine the protein's function, such as enzyme activity or structural support. Therefore, the order of amino acids is crucial in determining the overall structure and function of a protein.Rate this question:
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Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
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May 05, 2010Quiz Created by
Kleigh471
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