Bio Test 3 (Part 4)

2.

An insect that exhibits resistance to a pesticide

Developed the resistance in response to the pesticide.
Mutated when exposed to the pesticide.
Inherited genes that made it resistant to the pesticide.
Provides an example of pest resurgence.
None of these.

Correct Answer

A. Inherited genes that made it resistant to the pesticide.

Explanation

The correct answer is "inherited genes that made it resistant to the pesticide." This is because resistance to a pesticide is usually due to genetic variations that are passed down from one generation to another. Insects with these inherited genes are better able to survive and reproduce in the presence of the pesticide, leading to an increase in the resistant population over time.

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3.

The difference in the appearance of the male and the female is known as

Polymorphism.
Sexual dimorphism.
The dioecious condition.
Sexual selection.
A primary sexual characteristic.

Correct Answer

A. Sexual dimorphism.

Explanation

Sexual dimorphism refers to the physical differences between males and females of the same species. These differences can include size, coloration, and other characteristics that are related to reproduction and mate selection. Polymorphism refers to the occurrence of different forms or variations within a species, which may or may not be related to sexual differences. The dioecious condition refers to the separation of sexes into distinct male and female organisms. Sexual selection refers to the process by which certain traits are favored and passed on to the next generation due to their attractiveness to potential mates. Primary sexual characteristics are the anatomical structures directly involved in reproduction. Therefore, sexual dimorphism is the most appropriate term to describe the difference in appearance between male and female individuals.

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4.

When DDT was first introduced, insects were very susceptible to it. The development of resistance to DDT by insects was the result of

Special creation.
Natural selection of forms that expressed genes for resistance.
The high biotic potential of insects.
A naturally occurring example of inheritance of acquired characteristics.
Mutation induced by DDT.

Correct Answer

A. Natural selection of forms that expressed genes for resistance.

Explanation

The correct answer is "natural selection of forms that expressed genes for resistance." This explanation is based on the concept of natural selection, which states that organisms with traits that provide an advantage for survival and reproduction are more likely to pass on their genes to the next generation. In this case, when DDT was first introduced, insects that had genes for resistance to DDT were more likely to survive and reproduce, leading to the development of resistance in the insect population over time.

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5.

For most species that exhibit sexual dimorphism the selection of a mate is the responsibility of the

Male.
Parents.
Female.
Larger individual, no matter the species.
More colorful individual.

Correct Answer

A. Female.

Explanation

In most species that exhibit sexual dimorphism, the selection of a mate is the responsibility of the female. This means that females have the power to choose their mates based on various factors such as physical traits, behavior, or resources provided by the male. This is often observed in species where males compete with each other for the attention and favor of females, and females have the final say in selecting the most suitable mate.

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6.

Male northern sea lions are nearly twice the size of females because

Males live longer than females.
Predators of the sea lions favor males.
Males compete to mate with females.
Each male must protect the one female with which he mates.
Males share in parenting the offspring.

Correct Answer

A. Males compete to mate with females.

Explanation

Male northern sea lions are nearly twice the size of females because males compete to mate with females. This is a common phenomenon in many animal species where males develop larger bodies or other physical traits to gain an advantage in competing for mates. In the case of northern sea lions, larger males are more successful in competing for females, which leads to a size difference between the sexes. This competition for mates drives the evolution of larger male size in order to increase reproductive success.

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7.

As the trees of England become less sooty due to pollution controls on factories, which of the following should occur?

Fewer dark moths should survive.
Numbers of dark and light moths won't change due to stabilizing selection.
Genetic mutations will be reversed.
More light-gray moths should survive.
Fewer dark moths should survive, and more light-gray moths should survive.

Correct Answer

A. Fewer dark moths should survive, and more light-gray moths should survive.

Explanation

As the trees of England become less sooty due to pollution controls on factories, the environment becomes less favorable for dark moths. Dark moths are more visible and easier for predators to spot on cleaner trees, which makes them more likely to be eaten. On the other hand, light-gray moths are better camouflaged against the lighter-colored trees, which gives them an advantage in survival. Therefore, fewer dark moths should survive, and more light-gray moths should survive.

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8.

Male mallards have had emerald green head feathers and wings with metallic blue patches for hundreds of years, whereas female mallards have been drab, brown-feathered ducks. This phenotypic situation suggests that mallards may be an example of

Directional selection.
Polyploidy.
Allopatric speciation.
Disruptive selection.
Sexual isolation.

Correct Answer

A. Sexual isolation.

Explanation

The given information states that male mallards have distinct physical characteristics (emerald green head feathers and metallic blue patches) while female mallards have less noticeable features (drab, brown feathers). This suggests that there is a difference in appearance between males and females, which could lead to sexual isolation. Sexual isolation refers to the situation where individuals of different sexes have different traits or behaviors that prevent them from successfully mating with each other. In this case, the distinct physical characteristics of male and female mallards could lead to a reduced likelihood of successful mating, indicating sexual isolation.

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9.

Starlings were introduced into the US as a result of a small population being brought over centuries ago. Although there are now as many starlings in North America as there are in Europe, genetic variability in the North American population is reduced relative to that in Europe because

There are more environments in Europe.
The North American population is derived from a small founder population.
There is more gene flow in Europe.
There is less mutation in North America.
There is less habitat fragmentation in Europe.

Correct Answer

A. The North American population is derived from a small founder population.

Explanation

The genetic variability in the North American population of starlings is reduced relative to that in Europe because the North American population is derived from a small founder population. This means that only a limited number of individuals were initially introduced into North America, resulting in a smaller gene pool and less genetic diversity compared to the larger and more diverse population in Europe.

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10.

The influence of genetic drift on allele frequencies increases as

Gene flow increases.
Population size decreases.
Mutation rate decreases.
The number of heterozygous loci increases.
Random mating increases.

Correct Answer

A. Population size decreases.

Explanation

Genetic drift refers to the random fluctuations in allele frequencies within a population. It occurs more prominently in smaller populations where chance events can have a greater impact on the gene pool. As population size decreases, genetic drift becomes more influential because there are fewer individuals to contribute to the next generation's gene pool. In larger populations, gene flow, mutation rates, the number of heterozygous loci, and random mating have a relatively smaller effect on allele frequencies compared to genetic drift.

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11.

Gene flow

Makes adjacent populations more similar.
Acts to prevent speciation.
Is a microevolutionary process.
Counteracts the effects of mutation, natural selection, and genetic drift.
All of these

Correct Answer

A. Makes adjacent populations more similar.

Explanation

Gene flow refers to the transfer of genetic material from one population to another through migration or interbreeding. This process can lead to increased genetic similarity between adjacent populations as individuals from one population introduce new genetic variations to another population. This can result in the spread of beneficial traits and the homogenization of gene pools, making adjacent populations more similar. Therefore, the correct answer is "makes adjacent populations more similar."

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Bio Test 3 (Part 4)

The sharp reduction of the gene pool and the numbers of a population through a severe epidemic is an example of

Quiz Preview

An insect that exhibits resistance to a pesticide

The difference in the appearance of the male and the female is known as

When DDT was first introduced, insects were very susceptible to it. The development of resistance to DDT by insects was the result of

For most species that exhibit sexual dimorphism the selection of a mate is the responsibility of the

Male northern sea lions are nearly twice the size of females because

As the trees of England become less sooty due to pollution controls on factories, which of the following should occur?

Male mallards have had emerald green head feathers and wings with metallic blue patches for hundreds of years, whereas female mallards have been drab, brown-feathered ducks. This phenotypic situation suggests that mallards may be an example of

Starlings were introduced into the US as a result of a small population being brought over centuries ago. Although there are now as many starlings in North America as there are in Europe, genetic variability in the North American population is reduced relative to that in Europe because

The influence of genetic drift on allele frequencies increases as

Gene flow