ATI - Med/Surg - Renal System

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  • 1/10 Questions

    Which of the following is false?

    • Dialysis is used to rid the body of excess fluid and electorytes
    • Hemodialysis requires internal or external access device
    • Peritoneal dialysis involves instillation of fluid into the peritoneal cavity and the peritoneum serves as the filtration membrane
    • Dialysis replaces the hormonal functions of the kidney, such as the release of erythropoietin
    • None of the above
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ATI - Med/Surg - Renal System - Quiz
About This Quiz

The Renal system consists of the kidneys, bladder and the urethra and it is tasked with eliminating waste from the body and regulating blood volume. If the system does not perform well there are medicines or procedures to correct that. The quiz below will test how much you understand about them.

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  • 2. 

    In regards to peritoneal dialysis, which of the following does not need to be reported to the physician?

    • Respiratory distress

    • Abdominal pain

    • Inflow that exceeds outflow

    • Light yellow outflow

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Light yellow outflow
    Explanation
    Amount of outflow is expected to equal or exceed amount of dialysate inflow. Color that is clear and light yellow is expecte. Monitor for complications (respiratory distress, abdominal pain, insufficient outflow, discolored outflow). Monitor for signs of infection (fever, blood, cloudy, or frothy dialysate return, drainage at access site) (ATI, Med-Surg, p. 432).

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  • 3. 

    Which of the following is the major complication of PD?

    • Infection at access site

    • Protein loss

    • Hyperglycemia

    • Peritonitis

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Peritonitis
    Explanation
    Peritonitis is the major complication of PD (ATI, Med-Surg, p. 433).

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  • 4. 

    Which of the following is not a complication of hemodialysis?

    • Hyperglycemia

    • Disequilibrium syndrome

    • Anemia

    • Hypotension

    • Infectious diseases

    Correct Answer
    A. Hyperglycemia
    Explanation
    Complications include: Clotting/infection of access site (use surgical aseptic technique during cannulation, avoid compression of access site/extremity). Disequilibrium syndrome (too rapid a decrease of BUN). Hypotention (discontinue dialysis. Place client in Trendelenberg position). Anemia (administer prescribed medication therapy (EPO) to stimulate production of red blood cells). Infectious diseases (HD poses a risk for transmission of bloodborne diseases such as HIV and hepatitis B and C. Maintain sterility of equipment. Use standard precautions). HYPERGLYCEMIA is a complication of peritoneal dialysis (ATI, Med/Surg, p. 432-433).

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  • 5. 

    Which of the following is not included in patient teaching?

    • Avoid carrying objects that compress the extrimity

    • Avoid all liftining

    • Perform hand exercises that promote fistula maturation

    • Avoid sleeping with body weight on top of the extremity with the access device

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Avoid all liftining
    Explanation
    Avoid lifting heavy objects with the access-site arm (ATI, Med-Surg, p. 431).

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  • 6. 

    Which of the following is not a risk factor for dialysis?

    • Renal sufficiency

    • Drug overdose

    • Chronic renal failure

    • Hyperkalemia

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Renal sufficiency
    Explanation
    Risk factors for dialysis: Renal INsufficiency, acute renal failure, chronic renal failure, drug overdose, persistent hyperkalemia, hypervolemia unresponsive to diuretics (ATI, Med-Surg, p. 430).

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  • 7. 

    Which of the following is not a complication following hemodialysis?

    • Hypotension and Headache

    • Muscle cramps and Bleeding

    • Hypervolemia and N&V

    • Hepatitis and Disequilibrium syndrome

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Hypervolemia and N&V
    Explanation
    After hemodialysis assess for complications (hypotensin, access clotting, headache, muscle cramps, bleeding, disequilibrium syndrome, hepatitis), access site for bleeding and infection. Assess for nausea, vomiting, and LOC. Assess for signs of HYPOVOLEMIA (ATI, Med-Surg, p. 431).

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  • 8. 

    Which of the following is expected:

    • Increase in weight

    • Decrease in blood pressure

    • Decrease in BUN

    • Decrease in eletrolytes

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Increase in weight
    Explanation
    Decreases in blood pressure, weight, and laboratory values (BUN, serum creatinine, electrolytes, hematrocrit) are expected following dialysis

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  • 9. 

    The nurse observes that the PD catheter has a fibrin clot, the nurse's priority duty is to:

    • Strip the catheter

    • Discontinue the infusion and notify the primary care provider

    • Milk the PD catheter

    • All of the above

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Milk the PD catheter
    Explanation
    Carefully milk PD catheter if firbin clot has formed (ATI, med-surg, p. 432).

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  • 10. 

    Which is true of disequilibrium syndrome?

    • It is a complication of peritoneal dialysis

    • Requires clean technique

    • Signs include abdominal pain and hyperglycemia

    • Is an aspect of peritonitis

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. None of the above
    Explanation
    Disequilibrium syndrome is too rapid a decrease of BUN. Eearly recognition is essential. Signs include nausea, vomiting, change in LOC, seizures, and agitation. Can be avoided with a slow dialysis exhcnage rate, especially in older adult clients and those being newly treated with hemodialysis. Anticonvulsants/barbiturates may be needed (ATI, Med-Surg, p. 432).

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  • Mar 21, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Dec 31, 2009
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    Lailaa
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