Block 6 Renal Urinary Embryo BRS W Exp

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  • 1/10 Questions

    Immediately after birth of a boy, a moist,  red protrusion of tissue is noted just superior to his pubic symphysis. After observation, urine drainage is noted from the upper lateral corners of this tissue mass. What is the diagnosis?

    • Pelvic kidney
    • Horseshoe kidney
    • Polycystic disease of the kidney
    • Urachal cyst
    • Exstrophy of the bladder
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Block 6 Renal Urinary Embryo BRS W Exp - Quiz
About This Quiz

This quiz assesses knowledge on the embryological development of the renal and urinary systems. Key topics include the origin of bladder epithelium, malformations like dual ureters, timing of kidney functionality, and remnants like urachal cysts. Ideal for medical students preparing for exams.

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  • 2. 

    A urachal cyst is a remnant of the

    • Urogenital sinus

    • Urogenital ridge

    • Cloaca

    • Allantois

    • Mesonephric duct

    Correct Answer
    A. Allantois
    Explanation
    The upper end of the urogenital sinus is in patent communication with the allantois, which
    lies in the umbilical cord. The allantois normally regresses and forms a fibrous cord. If a remnant
    persists, it forms a urachal cyst or sinus.

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  • 3. 

    A 6-year-old girl presents with a large  abdominal mass just superior to the pubic symphysis. The mass is tender when palpated and fixed in location. During surgery, a fluid-filled mass is noted, which is connected to the umbilicus superiorly and to the urinary bladder inferiorly. What is the diagnosis?

    • Pelvic kidney

    • Horseshoe kidney

    • Polycystic disease of the kidney

    • Urachal cyst

    • Exstrophy of the bladder

    Correct Answer
    A. Urachal cyst
    Explanation
    A urachal cyst or sinus forms from a remnant of the allantois and is found along the mid-
    line on a path from the umbilicus to the apex of the urinary bladder. The epithelium lining the
    cyst produces secretions that gradually fill the remnant with fluid. Very rarely, the entire allan-
    tois persists, forming a fistula that is patent from the urinary bladder to the exterior at the umbilicus.

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  • 4. 

    The proximal convoluted tubules of the definitive adult kidney are derived from the

    • Ureteric bud

    • Metanephric vesicle

    • Mesonephric duct

    • Mesonephric tubules

    • Pronephric tubules

    Correct Answer
    A. Metanephric vesicle
    Explanation
    The distal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, proximal convoluted tubule, and Bowman's
    capsule all are derived from the metanephric vesicle.

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  • 5. 

    The transitional epithelium lining the urinary bladder is derived from

    • Ectoderm

    • Endoderm

    • Mesoderm

    • Endoderm and mesoderm

    • Neural crest cells

    Correct Answer
    A. Endoderm
    Explanation
    The transitional epithelium lining the urinary bladder is derived from endoderm because
    the urinary bladder develops from the upper end of the urogenital sinus. The origin of the urogenital
    sinus can be traced back to the gut tube, which is lined by endoderm. •

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  • 6. 

    During surgery for a benign cyst on the kidney, the surgeon notes that the patient's right kidney has two ureters and two renal pelves. This malformation is

    • An abnormal division of the pronephros

    • An abnormal division of the mesonephros

    • Formation of an extra mass of intermediate mesoderm

    • A premature division of the metanephric blastema

    • A premature division of the ureteric bud

    Correct Answer
    A. A premature division of the ureteric bud
    Explanation
    The ureteric bud seems to be preprogrammed to undergo repeated divisions. These divisions
    normally begin on contact with the metanephric blastema. If the ureteric bud undergoes division
    prematurely, duplication of the ureter and renal pelvis occurs. In some circumstances, two sepa-
    rate kidneys form.

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  • 7. 

    When does the metanephros become functional?

    • At week 3 of development

    • At week 4 of development

    • At week 10 of development

    • Just before birth

    • Just after birth

    Correct Answer
    A. At week 10 of development
    Explanation
    The metanephros begins to form at week 5 and starts to function in the fetus at about week
    10. The pronephros is not functional in humans; it is the interim kidney, which functions until
    the metanephros is ready.

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  • 8. 

    The podocytes of Bowman's capsule are derived from

    • Ectoderm

    • Endoderm

    • Mesoderm

    • Endoderm and mesoderm

    • Neural crest cells

    Correct Answer
    A. Mesoderm
    Explanation
    The podocytes of Bowman's capsule develop from the metanephric vesicles, which are of
    mesodermal origin.

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  • 9. 

    The trigone on the posterior wall of the urinary bladder is formed by the

    • Incorporation of the lower end of the mesonephric ducts

    • Incorporation of the lower end of the pronephric ducts

    • Incorporation of the metanephric blastema

    • Incorporation of the mesonephric tubules

    • Incorporation of the pronephric tubules

    Correct Answer
    A. Incorporation of the lower end of the mesonephric ducts
    Explanation
    The lower end of the mesonephric ducts is incorporated into the posterior wall of the urinary
    bladder. The mesonephric ducts contribute to the connective tissue component of the posterior
    wall at the trigone. It is generally believed that the transitional epithelium lining the entire
    bladder (even the trigone) is of endodermal origin.

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  • 10. 

    The transitional epithelium lining the ureter is derived from

    • Ectoderm

    • Endoderm

    • Mesoderm

    • Endoderm and mesoderm

    • Neural crest cells

    Correct Answer
    A. Mesoderm
    Explanation
    The transitional epithelium lining the ureter is derived from mesoderm because the ureter
    develops from the ureteric bud. The ureteric bud is a diverticulum from the mesonephric duct
    whose origin can be traced back to the intermediate mesoderm.

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  • Current Version
  • Mar 21, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Mar 06, 2012
    Quiz Created by
    Chachelly
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