Astronomy Exam 2 Part 5

9 Questions | By Mllanos87 | Last updated: Mar 20, 2022 | Total Attempts: 110

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Astronomy exam part 5. Taken from astron. 100 exam 2.

Questions and Answers

1.

The cosmic background radiation comes from a time in the evolution of the universe
- A.
  
  A. when protons and neutrons were first formed.
- B.
  
  B. when electrons began to combine with nuclei to form atoms.
- C.
  
  C. when the big bang first began to expand.
- D.
  
  D. the inflationary period.
- E.
  
  E. when gamma rays had enough energy to destroy nuclei.
2.

Most of the carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and other heavy elements on the Earth were originally produced in
- A.
  
  A. the Big Bang.
- B.
  
  B. our Sun.
- C.
  
  C. massive stars that have evolved long ago.
- D.
  
  D. the formation of the Earth.
- E.
  
  E. interstellar gas clouds.
3.

Reddening of starlight is caused by
- A.
  
  A. the faint pink glow of hot interstellar gas.
- B.
  
  B. the gravitational pull on photons leaving the star’s surface.
- C.
  
  C. the expansion and cooling of a star’s atmosphere as it grows older.
- D.
  
  D. scattering of blue light by interstellar dust grains.
- E.
  
  E. the expansion of the universe.
4.

Astronomers proposed the presence of dark energy because
- A.
  
  A. the expansion of the Universe appears to be accelerating.
- B.
  
  B. the expansion of the Universe appears to be decelerating.
- C.
  
  C. galaxies appear to be brighter than expected.
- D.
  
  D. the Universe appears to become cooler.
- E.
  
  E. the Universe appears to become hotter.
5.

The blue-shift exhibited by some nearby external galaxies lends support to the
- A.
  
  A. Big Bang model, because those galaxies are expanding towards us.
- B.
  
  B. Local Group concept, because nearby galaxies interact gravitationally.
- C.
  
  C. evolution theory, because galaxies change color as they evolve.
- D.
  
  D. oscillating Universe theory, because some galaxies are moving together already.
- E.
  
  E. static theory, because the local Universe is apparently not expanding
6.

We only observe events that happened in the past because
- A.
  
  A. it takes time to analyze the data.
- B.
  
  B. the speed of light is finite.
- C.
  
  C. the Universe is very old.
- D.
  
  D. our telescopes are not yet large enough.
- E.
  
  E. the light has been red-shifted.
7.

The cosmic microwave background radiation provides strong evidence that
- A.
  
  A. star formation has been taking place for billions of years.
- B.
  
  B. the Universe evolved from a hot, dense state.
- C.
  
  C. colliding galaxies release enormous amounts of radiation.
- D.
  
  D. at 3 Kelvin, the early Universe was extremely cool.
- E.
  
  E. the early Universe had more stars.
8.

The cosmic microwave background radiation is visible in every direction because
- A.
  
  A. we are at the center of the Universe. .
- B.
  
  B. we are looking back to when the Universe was young in every direction
- C.
  
  C. we are looking back to when the Universe was cool.
- D.
  
  D. it has been scattered by dust to every direction over the age of the Universe.
- E.
  
  E. it originated in a sphere around our own Galaxy.
9.

Because the large redshifts of quasars arise from the expansion of the universe, we can conclude that
- A.
  
  A. quasars must be very small.
- B.
  
  B. quasars must be within the Local Group.
- C.
  
  C. quasars must be single stars with extremely large masses.
- D.
  
  D. quasars must be moving toward Earth with a large radial velocity.
- E.
  
  E. quasars must be very luminous.