This Is A AP Quiz Gov Ch 12
This is an AP Government Ch 12 quiz, and it aims to give you the tools necessary to pass any exam that features questions regarding any governmental topics you come across in the twelfth chapter of your studies. Have you got much more work to do or do you know enough already? Find out now!
- 1.
Politicians have become more heavily dependent on the media as
- A.
The public has become better educated.
- B.
The federal bureaucracy has enlarged itself.
- C.
Public affairs have become much more complex.
- D.
The scope of government has expanded.
- E.
Political party organizations have declined.
Correct Answer
E. Political party organizations have declined.Explanation
Politicians have become more heavily dependent on the media as political party organizations have declined. With the decline of party organizations, politicians have lost a major source of support and infrastructure. As a result, they have turned to the media to reach and connect with the public. The media provides a platform for politicians to communicate their messages, gain visibility, and build public support. Without strong party organizations, politicians have had to rely on media coverage to shape public opinion and garner support for their campaigns.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Which of the following was a milestone in the development of a reasonably nonpartisan and unbiased press?
- A.
The establishment of the Gazette of the United States during the Washington administration
- B.
The establishment of of the Associated Pres in 1848
- C.
The creation of the National Intelligence by Jacksonian Democrats
- D.
The rise of magazines of opinion in the late 1800s
Correct Answer
B. The establishment of of the Associated Pres in 1848Explanation
The establishment of the Associated Press in 1848 was a milestone in the development of a reasonably nonpartisan and unbiased press. The Associated Press was founded as a cooperative news gathering and distribution organization, with the goal of providing objective and impartial news coverage. By pooling resources and sharing news stories among member newspapers, the Associated Press helped to ensure a more balanced and neutral reporting of events. This marked a significant step towards creating a press that was less influenced by political bias and more focused on providing accurate and reliable information to the public.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Which of the following was not among the factors that made government subsidies of the press obsolete?
- A.
The establishment of the Government Printing Office
- B.
The rise of newspapers associated with particular political parties or factions
- C.
The development of the high-speed rotary press
- D.
Urbanization
- E.
B and c.
Correct Answer
B. The rise of newspapers associated with particular political parties or factionsExplanation
The rise of newspapers associated with particular political parties or factions made government subsidies of the press obsolete because these newspapers were able to financially sustain themselves through their political affiliations and support from their respective parties or factions. This reduced the need for government subsidies as these newspapers had their own sources of funding and were able to operate independently.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Which of the fllowing was not among the achievements of the mass-based press, exemplified by Hearst and Pulitzer?
- A.
Instituting responsible and unbiased journalism
- B.
Beginning the creation of a national political culture
- C.
Proving the feasibility of a press free of government subsidy or control
- D.
Revealing public scandal
- E.
Criticizing public policy
Correct Answer
A. Instituting responsible and unbiased journalismExplanation
The correct answer is "Instituting responsible and unbiased journalism." The mass-based press, exemplified by Hearst and Pulitzer, achieved several things such as beginning the creation of a national political culture, proving the feasibility of a press free of government subsidy or control, revealing public scandal, and criticizing public policy. However, they were not known for instituting responsible and unbiased journalism.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Which of the following was not associated with the rise of national magazines around the turn of the century?
- A.
The middle class
- B.
Muckraking
- C.
Scandal mongering
- D.
High-impact photojournalism
- E.
Nationally-known writers
Correct Answer
D. High-impact photojournalismExplanation
High-impact photojournalism is not associated with the rise of national magazines around the turn of the century. While the other options, such as the middle class, muckraking, scandal mongering, and nationally-known writers, played significant roles in the rise of national magazines, high-impact photojournalism was not a prominent factor during this time. National magazines primarily relied on written content and illustrations rather than photographs to attract readers and convey information.Rate this question:
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- 6.
The invention of radio was a politically important media development because it
- A.
Allowed public officials to reach the public in a less-filtered manner.
- B.
Gave rise to the era of mass politics and a large electorate.
- C.
Rendered image more important than substance in seeking political office.
- D.
More than doubled the number of persons who followed politics with interest.
- E.
Reinforced the influence of political parties when it was first introduced.
Correct Answer
A. Allowed public officials to reach the public in a less-filtered manner.Explanation
The invention of radio allowed public officials to reach the public in a less-filtered manner. Prior to radio, political messages were often filtered through newspapers or other media outlets, which could distort or manipulate the information. With radio, public officials could directly communicate with the public, bypassing the potential bias of intermediaries. This gave politicians a more direct and immediate way to convey their messages and connect with voters, making it a politically important media development.Rate this question:
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- 7.
In 2000, the average sound bite of a presidential bontender was _________ the average sound bite of such conenders in 1968.
- A.
Considerably longer than
- B.
About the same length as
- C.
Considerably shorter than
- D.
More controversial than
- E.
Less complex than
Correct Answer
C. Considerably shorter thanExplanation
The correct answer is "considerably shorter than." This means that in 2000, the average sound bite of a presidential contender was significantly shorter than the average sound bite of contenders in 1968.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Joint Operatin Agreements are important to consider when assessing the competition and deversity of viewpoint among newspapers becaus they
- A.
Encourage the hiring of minorities.
- B.
Have increased the sales of newspapers in major metropolitan areas.
- C.
Are usually biased in a conservative direction.
- D.
Allow businesses to own more than one paper in a large city.
- E.
Do not allow the expression of political opinion without prior consent.
Correct Answer
D. Allow businesses to own more than one paper in a large city.Explanation
Joint Operating Agreements (JOAs) are agreements between two or more newspaper companies to combine their business operations while maintaining separate editorial voices. These agreements are important when assessing competition and diversity of viewpoints among newspapers because they allow businesses to own more than one paper in a large city. This means that multiple newspapers can exist in the same market, providing readers with a range of perspectives and promoting competition. This helps to ensure that readers have access to a variety of news sources and viewpoints, enhancing the overall diversity of information available.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Wich of the folowing statements concerning national newspapers in incorrect?
- A.
They distribute millions of copies on a daily basis.
- B.
They are carefully followed by political elites.
- C.
Radio and television stations look to such papers for cues on reporting.
- D.
The reporters for such papers have higher levels of education than their local counterparts.
- E.
None of the above.
Correct Answer
E. None of the above.Explanation
The given question asks for the incorrect statement concerning national newspapers. However, the answer "None of the above" suggests that all the statements are correct. This means that all the statements are true, which implies that national newspapers do distribute millions of copies daily, are followed by political elites, and are looked to by radio and television stations for reporting cues. Additionally, the reporters for such papers have higher levels of education compared to their local counterparts. Therefore, the answer "None of the above" indicates that there is no incorrect statement among the given options.Rate this question:
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- 10.
One of Jimmy Carter's signal achievements in dealing with the press in the 1976 primary camaign was
- A.
Keeping a low profile.
- B.
Taking newsworthy positions on important issues.
- C.
Defusing an initial bias against him among reporters.
- D.
Refusing to buckle under the pressure of special interests.
- E.
Getting himself mentioned with great frequency.
Correct Answer
E. Getting himself mentioned with great frequency.Explanation
Jimmy Carter's signal achievement in dealing with the press in the 1976 primary campaign was getting himself mentioned with great frequency. This means that Carter was successful in generating media attention and coverage, which is important for any political candidate. By being mentioned frequently in the press, Carter was able to increase his visibility and name recognition among voters, ultimately helping his campaign.Rate this question:
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- 11.
An irony concerning government regulation of the news media is that
- A.
American media are less regulated than foreign media despite the greater need for regulation here.
- B.
Legislation designed to intimidate the media has in face made them more hostile toward officials.
- C.
The least competitive part of the media is almost entirely unregulated, whereas the most competitive part is substantially regulated.
- D.
The most influential media, the broadcast media show highly concentrated patterns of ownership by a few large corporations.
- E.
All of the above.
Correct Answer
C. The least competitive part of the media is almost entirely unregulated, whereas the most competitive part is substantially regulated.Explanation
The correct answer is that the least competitive part of the media is almost entirely unregulated, whereas the most competitive part is substantially regulated. This can be explained by the fact that regulations are often put in place to prevent monopolies and ensure fair competition. In the media industry, the most influential and competitive part is the broadcast media, which is regulated to prevent concentration of ownership and maintain diversity of voices. On the other hand, the least competitive part, such as small independent publications or blogs, may not be subject to the same level of regulation.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Once something is published, a newspaper may be sued or prosecuted if he material
- A.
Is libelous.
- B.
In obscene.
- C.
Incites someone to commit an illegal act.
- D.
All of the above.
- E.
None of the above.
Correct Answer
D. All of the above.Explanation
The correct answer is "All of the above." Once something is published, a newspaper may be sued or prosecuted if the material is libelous, obscene, or incites someone to commit an illegal act. This means that if any of these conditions are met, the newspaper can face legal consequences for their published content.Rate this question:
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- 13.
For a public official in the United States to win a livel suit against the press, he or she must prove that
- A.
What was printed was untrue.
- B.
The material was untrue and was printed maliciously.
- C.
The material caused "emotional duress."
- D.
His or her privacy was violated.
- E.
The printing of the material in question has done "substantial harm" to the public interest.
Correct Answer
B. The material was untrue and was printed maliciously.Explanation
To win a libel suit against the press, a public official in the United States must prove that the material was untrue and was printed maliciously. This means that the official needs to demonstrate that the information published about them was false and that it was done with the intention of causing harm or damage. Simply proving that the material was untrue or that it caused emotional distress or violated privacy would not be sufficient to win the case. Additionally, showing that the printing of the material has done substantial harm to the public interest is not a requirement for a public official to win a libel suit.Rate this question:
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- 14.
In general, the Supreme Court has upheld the right of govenment to compel reporters to divulge information as part of a properly conducted criminal investigation if
- A.
The president had pardoned a defendant for contempt of court.
- B.
A jury is unable to reach a decision.
- C.
It has not been reported publicly.
- D.
It has been reported publicly.
- E.
It bears on the commission of a crime.
Correct Answer
E. It bears on the commission of a crime.Explanation
The correct answer is "it bears on the commission of a crime." This means that the Supreme Court has upheld the right of the government to compel reporters to disclose information if that information is relevant to a criminal investigation. This suggests that the court values the importance of obtaining information that can help in solving a crime, even if it involves press freedom.Rate this question:
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- 15.
The text suggest that, if the Fairness Doctrine has stayed in place,
- A.
There would be more competition among radio and television stations.
- B.
Political advertising would be available to all candidates regardless of party or viewpoint.
- C.
There would be no Rush Limbaugh.
- D.
Congress would have developed the law on libel more meticulously.
- E.
The Supreme Court would have received more news coverage.
Correct Answer
C. There would be no Rush Limbaugh.Explanation
If the Fairness Doctrine had remained in place, there would be no Rush Limbaugh. The Fairness Doctrine required broadcasters to present both sides of controversial issues, ensuring balanced coverage. Rush Limbaugh, known for his conservative talk show, became popular in part because he was able to express his views without having to provide equal time to opposing viewpoints. Therefore, if the Fairness Doctrine had been enforced, Limbaugh's platform would have been limited or non-existent.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Conservative dominance in talk radio can be best explained by the fact that
- A.
Liberal hosts have never had big corporate sponsors.
- B.
Conservatives flooded the market first and left little room for competition
- C.
The Fairness Doctrine gave an advantage to conservatives.
- D.
Media owners are not tolerant of liberal viewpoints.
- E.
Liberal hosts have never attained high ratings.
Correct Answer
E. Liberal hosts have never attained high ratings.Explanation
The correct answer is that liberal hosts have never attained high ratings. This suggests that the audience for talk radio tends to prefer conservative viewpoints, leading to a dominance of conservative hosts. Despite the presence of big corporate sponsors and media owners who may or may not be tolerant of liberal viewpoints, the lack of high ratings for liberal hosts indicates a lack of popularity and support for their shows. The fact that conservatives flooded the market first and the Fairness Doctrine gave an advantage to conservatives may have contributed to the initial establishment of conservative dominance, but the ongoing preference for conservative hosts can be attributed to their higher ratings.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Early in American history, newspapers had virtually no __________ stories.
- A.
Routine
- B.
Feature
- C.
Insider
- D.
Opinion-based
- E.
Editorial-driven
Correct Answer
A. RoutineExplanation
Early in American history, newspapers had virtually no routine stories. This suggests that in the past, newspapers did not focus on reporting everyday or mundane events. Instead, they likely focused on more significant or newsworthy topics. This could be because early newspapers were more concerned with providing important information to the public rather than reporting on everyday occurrences.Rate this question:
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- 18.
The potential impact of the media coverage is cerainly well illustrated by the case of Estes Kafauver who, in the 150s, became a "household name" by
- A.
Leading members of the House and Senate in a protest march through the White House.
- B.
Chairing a Senate committee investigating organized crime.
- C.
Submitting a law which attempted to eliminate the influence of interest groups in elections.
- D.
Dropping thousands of leaflets from a plane while flying over the White House.
- E.
Refusing to give up his Senate sear, even after having lost his bid for re-election.
Correct Answer
B. Chairing a Senate committee investigating organized crime.Explanation
In the given question, the potential impact of media coverage is being discussed. The correct answer states that Estes Kafauver became a "household name" by chairing a Senate committee investigating organized crime. This suggests that the media extensively covered Kafauver's role in leading the committee, which brought attention to the issue of organized crime and increased public awareness. This highlights the significant impact that media coverage can have on making individuals well-known and shaping public perception.Rate this question:
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- 19.
The first president to engage in the systematic cultivation of news reporters was
- A.
Theodore Roosevelt.
- B.
Franklin Roosevelt.
- C.
Woodrow Wilson.
- D.
John F. Kennedy.
- E.
Richard Nixon.
Correct Answer
A. Theodore Roosevelt.Explanation
Theodore Roosevelt was the first president to engage in the systematic cultivation of news reporters. He recognized the power of the media and actively sought to shape public opinion through strategic press relations. Roosevelt held regular press conferences, gave exclusive interviews, and even invited journalists to accompany him on trips and adventures. His efforts to cultivate relationships with reporters set a precedent for future presidents and established a closer relationship between the presidency and the press.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Which of the following presidents first made his press secretaty a major instrument for dealing with the press?
- A.
Herbert Hoover
- B.
Franklin Roosevelt
- C.
Dwight Eisenhower
- D.
John F. Kennedy
- E.
Ronald Ragan
Correct Answer
B. Franklin RooseveltExplanation
Franklin Roosevelt first made his press secretary a major instrument for dealing with the press. This means that he recognized the importance of having a press secretary who could effectively communicate with the media and manage the president's public image. Roosevelt's decision to prioritize the role of the press secretary likely had a significant impact on how future presidents interacted with the press and utilized their press secretaries.Rate this question:
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- 21.
The president of the United States is unlike the chief executive of other nations with regard to the
- A.
Hostility with which he is normally treated by the press.
- B.
Use of the press secretary as and instrument for dealing with the press
- C.
Extreme difficulty that the press experiences in covering his activities.
- D.
Close physical proximity between the press and the center of government.
- E.
Manner in which he is required to conduct press conferences.
Correct Answer
D. Close physical proximity between the press and the center of government.Explanation
The correct answer is close physical proximity between the press and the center of government. This means that the president of the United States is unlike the chief executive of other nations because the press has easy access to the center of government. This close proximity allows the press to closely monitor and cover the activities of the president, which may lead to a different level of scrutiny and treatment compared to other nations.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Is an age in which the media are very important, who of the following is best positioned to run for president?
- A.
A House member
- B.
An innovative person with a business background
- C.
A senator
- D.
A state governor
- E.
A big-city mayor
Correct Answer
C. A senatorExplanation
A senator is best positioned to run for president in an age where the media is very important because senators have experience in national politics and policymaking. They are often in the public eye and have a platform to communicate their ideas and policies effectively through the media. Additionally, senators have a broader understanding of national issues and have likely built relationships with other politicians and stakeholders, which can be advantageous in running a successful presidential campaign.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Which of the following does the ytext suggest is one of the consequences of intense competition in media today?
- A.
Reporters are more easily manipulated by sources than once was the case.
- B.
The requirements for citation of sources are more rigorous than every.
- C.
There are few incentives to rely on sensational news stories.
- D.
Reporters are less confrontational with public officials than they once were.
- E.
None of the above.
Correct Answer
A. Reporters are more easily manipulated by sources than once was the case.Explanation
Intense competition in media today suggests that reporters are more easily manipulated by sources than they once were. This can be explained by the pressure to break news stories quickly and attract audience attention. In order to stay ahead of the competition, reporters may rely on sources that provide them with exclusive or sensational information, without thoroughly fact-checking or verifying the information. This can lead to a decrease in journalistic integrity and an increase in biased or manipulated reporting.Rate this question:
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