AP Bio: ChAPters 2-4 Review
Biological processes of living things depend upon living organisms depend upon the interaction of an atom, molecules and compounds that make up living tissues and the environment within which life takes place. Take up this AP bio test on chemistry and refresh your memory on what we have learnt these past weeks.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Carbon-12, carbon-13 and carbon-14 are all versions of carbon and are thererfore referred to as
- A.
Isomers
- B.
Isotonics
- C.
Isotopes
- D.
Isometrics
Correct Answer
C. IsotopesExplanation
Carbon-12, carbon-13, and carbon-14 are all versions of carbon with different numbers of neutrons in their atomic nuclei. These different versions are called isotopes. Isotopes have the same number of protons and electrons, which determines their chemical properties, but they have different numbers of neutrons, which affects their atomic mass. Carbon-12 is the most common isotope of carbon, while carbon-13 and carbon-14 are less abundant. Isomers, isotonics, and isometrics are unrelated terms and do not apply to the different versions of carbon.Rate this question:
-
- 2.
An electron jumps to an energy level further from the nucleus. What happens to its energy?
- A.
Increases
- B.
Decreases
Correct Answer
A. IncreasesExplanation
When an electron jumps to an energy level further from the nucleus, its energy increases. This is because energy levels further from the nucleus have higher energy values. As electrons move away from the nucleus, they gain energy and move to higher energy levels. Therefore, the electron's energy increases as it jumps to a level further from the nucleus.Rate this question:
-
- 3.
Covalent bonds are the result of ____________ electrons which produce ________ bonds.
- A.
Sharing, weak
- B.
Transferring, weak
- C.
Sharing, strong
- D.
Transferring, strong
Correct Answer
C. Sharing, strongExplanation
Covalent bonds occur when electrons are shared between atoms, resulting in a strong bond. This type of bond is formed when two nonmetal atoms come together and share electrons in order to achieve a stable electron configuration. The shared electrons are attracted to both nuclei, creating a strong bond between the atoms.Rate this question:
-
- 4.
Molecules that have an uneven distribution of charge are called ___________ molecules.
- A.
Polar
- B.
Nonpolar
- C.
Ionic
- D.
Hydrogen
Correct Answer
A. PolarExplanation
Molecules that have an uneven distribution of charge are called polar molecules. In polar molecules, there is a separation of positive and negative charges due to the presence of polar bonds or an asymmetric arrangement of atoms. This results in a molecule having a positive end and a negative end, creating a dipole moment. Nonpolar molecules, on the other hand, have an even distribution of charge and do not have a dipole moment. Ionic molecules involve the complete transfer of electrons between atoms, while hydrogen molecules are a type of polar molecule that specifically involve hydrogen atoms bonded to highly electronegative atoms.Rate this question:
-
- 5.
Polar moecules make ______________ solvents.
- A.
Poor
- B.
Excellent
Correct Answer
B. ExcellentExplanation
Polar molecules make excellent solvents because they have a partial positive charge on one end and a partial negative charge on the other end, creating a dipole. This allows them to dissolve other polar substances, such as salts and sugars, by attracting and surrounding the individual ions or molecules. Additionally, polar solvents can also dissolve nonpolar substances to some extent, making them versatile solvents for a wide range of compounds.Rate this question:
-
- 6.
The property of water that gives it the appearance of a skin on top is
- A.
Adhesion
- B.
Cohesion
- C.
Surface tension
Correct Answer
C. Surface tensionExplanation
Surface tension is the property of water that gives it the appearance of a skin on top. It is caused by the cohesive forces between water molecules, which create a "pulling" effect at the surface. This cohesive force causes the water molecules at the surface to be more strongly attracted to each other, forming a thin layer that resists penetration. This is why small objects, like insects, can float on the surface of water without sinking. Adhesion refers to the attraction between water molecules and other substances, while cohesion refers to the attraction between water molecules themselves.Rate this question:
-
- 7.
Molecules of the same formula with variances in structure are called
- A.
Isomers
- B.
Isotonics
- C.
Isotopes
- D.
Isometrics
Correct Answer
A. IsomersExplanation
Molecules of the same formula with variances in structure are called isomers. Isomers have the same chemical formula, but their atoms are arranged differently, resulting in different properties and characteristics. This structural variation can lead to differences in physical properties, chemical reactivity, and biological activity. Isomers are an important concept in organic chemistry and play a significant role in understanding the diversity and complexity of molecules.Rate this question:
-
- 8.
The property of water that allows it to stick to vessel walls is
- A.
Adhesion
- B.
Cohesion
- C.
Surface tension
Correct Answer
A. AdhesionExplanation
Adhesion is the property of water that allows it to stick to vessel walls. This is due to the attractive forces between the water molecules and the molecules of the vessel surface. Adhesion is responsible for capillary action, which allows water to move upwards against gravity in narrow tubes. Cohesion, on the other hand, refers to the attraction between water molecules themselves, while surface tension is the result of the cohesive forces at the surface of a liquid. However, in this case, the correct answer is adhesion because it specifically relates to water sticking to vessel walls.Rate this question:
-
- 9.
The amino group formula is
- A.
CH3
- B.
PO4
- C.
OH
- D.
NH3
Correct Answer
D. NH3Explanation
The amino group formula is NH3, which represents a molecule consisting of one nitrogen atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms. This formula is commonly found in organic compounds called amines, which play important roles in biological processes such as protein synthesis and neurotransmission. The NH3 formula accurately represents the composition and structure of the amino group.Rate this question:
-
- 10.
_________________ are unique because they are mirror images of a molecule.(spell correctly!)
Correct Answer
EnantiomersExplanation
Enantiomers are unique because they are mirror images of a molecule. Enantiomers have the same chemical formula and connectivity but differ in their spatial arrangement, resulting in different physical and chemical properties. They exhibit optical activity and can rotate the plane of polarized light in opposite directions. Enantiomers are important in fields such as pharmacology, as they can have different biological activities and interactions with enzymes and receptors.Rate this question:
- 11.
-SH is the ________ group. (spell correctly!)
Correct Answer
sulfhydrylExplanation
The correct answer is "sulfhydryl." The question is asking for the correct spelling of the group denoted by "SH." The term "sulfhydryl" refers to a functional group in organic chemistry that consists of a sulfur atom bonded to a hydrogen atom.Rate this question:
- 12.
An aldehyde differs from a ketone because its carbonyl is located
Correct Answer
at the end
at the end of the carbon chain
at the end of the chainExplanation
An aldehyde differs from a ketone because its carbonyl group is located at the end of the carbon chain. In contrast, a ketone has its carbonyl group located within the carbon chain. This structural difference is what distinguishes aldehydes from ketones.Rate this question:
- 13.
The hydroxyl group represents the _________ family. (spell correctly!)
Correct Answer
alcoholExplanation
The hydroxyl group, which consists of an oxygen atom bonded to a hydrogen atom, is a characteristic feature of alcohols. Alcohols are a family of organic compounds that contain the hydroxyl functional group. This functional group is responsible for the unique properties and reactivity of alcohols, such as their ability to form hydrogen bonds and undergo various chemical reactions. Therefore, the correct answer is "alcohol."Rate this question:
- 14.
Carboxylic acids contain the functional group
- A.
OH
- B.
CO
- C.
COOH
- D.
CH3
Correct Answer
C. COOHExplanation
Carboxylic acids contain the functional group COOH. This group consists of a carbonyl group (CO) and a hydroxyl group (OH) attached to the same carbon atom. The presence of the COOH group is what distinguishes carboxylic acids from other organic compounds. The COOH group is responsible for the acidic properties of carboxylic acids, as it can easily donate a proton (H+) to a base.Rate this question:
-
Quiz Review Timeline +
Our quizzes are rigorously reviewed, monitored and continuously updated by our expert board to maintain accuracy, relevance, and timeliness.
-
Current Version
-
Mar 15, 2023Quiz Edited by
ProProfs Editorial Team -
Aug 27, 2009Quiz Created by
Jeremy Merrick
Back to top