Some basic questions about antibiotics and their use in common paediatric conditions
Streptococcus
Staphylococcus
Meningococcus
Pneumococcus
Enterococcus
At least 50% of children will be better within 24 hours whatever you do
Antibiotics are indicated in bilateral disease under 2 years
Antibiotics are indicated if there is otorrhoea
Mastoiditis is a recognized complication
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Both anterior cervical lymphadenopathy and a rash
Both anterior cervical lymphadenopathy, fever and absence of a cough
Both anterior cervical lymphadenopathy and a tonsillar exudate
Strep A on a throat swab
A high ASO titre
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Three times as expensive as amoxicillin
Is associated with cholestatic jaundice
Is active against staph aureus
Is good for bites
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Useful for getting an instant diagnosis
Not useful for mycobacteria
Where positives are purple and negatives are pink
Negative for Haemophilus influenza meningitis
Positive for Gonococcal conjunctivitis
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The parents really, really wanted them
Symptoms didn't settle within 48 hours
They were really unwell despite paracetamol, Difflam
I was worried about them getting rheumatic heart disease
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A 7 day course is superior to a 3 day course in lower tract infection
IV antibiotics are superior to oral antibiotics in upper tract infection
Risk factors should be considered
Under the age of 3yrs, microscopy is preferred to dipstick testing
Dipstick positive for white cells confirm the diagnosis
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Include Meropenem
Are inactivated by defective PBPs
Penetrate the meninges well
Can cause seizures
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An X-ray is necessary to prove pneumonia
Creps indicate bacterial infection
Mycoplasma is an important pathogen in young children
Chlamydia is an important pathogen in older children
Oseltamivir should be given if child with chronic lung condition presents within 48 hours with Influenza A/B
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Include Clarithromycin and Clindamycin
Are bacteriocidal
Are active against mycoplasma
Have mainly GI side effects
Are useful for Staphylococcal infections incl MRSA
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Staphylococcus
Pneumococcus
Group A Streptococcus
Haemophilus influenzae
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