Antibiotics In Paediatrics
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Some basic questions about antibiotics and their use in common paediatric conditions
- 1.Streptococcal pharyngitis/tonsillitis is likely if a child with a sore throat has (tick all that are true):
- A.
Both anterior cervical lymphadenopathy and a rash
- B.
Both anterior cervical lymphadenopathy, fever and absence of a cough
- C.
Both anterior cervical lymphadenopathy and a tonsillar exudate
- D.
Strep A on a throat swab
- E.
A high ASO titre
- 2.I would give an antibiotic to a child with sore throat if:
- A.
The parents really, really wanted them
- B.
Symptoms didn't settle within 48 hours
- C.
They were really unwell despite paracetamol, Difflam
- D.
I was worried about them getting rheumatic heart disease
- 3.In acute otitis media (tick all that are true):
- A.
At least 50% of children will be better within 24 hours whatever you do
- B.
Antibiotics are indicated in bilateral disease under 2 years
- C.
Antibiotics are indicated if there is otorrhoea
- D.
Mastoiditis is a recognized complication
- 4.My preferred antibiotic for acute otitis media (if I decided to treat) would be (tick 1 only):
- A.
Penicillin V
- B.
Amoxicillin
- C.
Co-amoxiclav
- D.
Erythromycin
- E.
Other
- 5.In a child with lower respiratory tract infection (tick all that are true):
- A.
An X-ray is necessary to prove pneumonia
- B.
Creps indicate bacterial infection
- C.
Mycoplasma is an important pathogen in young children
- D.
Chlamydia is an important pathogen in older children
- E.
Oseltamivir should be given if child with chronic lung condition presents within 48 hours with Influenza A/B
- 6.Co-amoxiclav is (tick all that are true):
- A.
Three times as expensive as amoxicillin
- B.
Is associated with cholestatic jaundice
- C.
Is active against staph aureus
- D.
Is good for bites
- 7.Macrolides (tick all that are true):
- A.
Include Clarithromycin and Clindamycin
- B.
Are bacteriocidal
- C.
Are active against mycoplasma
- D.
Have mainly GI side effects
- E.
Are useful for Staphylococcal infections incl MRSA
- 8.Gram staining is (tick all that are true):
- A.
Useful for getting an instant diagnosis
- B.
Not useful for mycobacteria
- C.
Where positives are purple and negatives are pink
- D.
Negative for Haemophilus influenza meningitis
- E.
Positive for Gonococcal conjunctivitis
- 9.Gram positive cocci include (tick all that are true):
- A.
Streptococcus
- B.
Staphylococcus
- C.
Meningococcus
- D.
Pneumococcus
- E.
Enterococcus
- 10.Beta - lactams (tick all that are true):
- A.
Include Meropenem
- B.
Are inactivated by defective PBPs
- C.
Penetrate the meninges well
- D.
Can cause seizures
- 11.In suspected urinary tract infection (tick all that are true):
- A.
A 7 day course is superior to a 3 day course in lower tract infection
- B.
IV antibiotics are superior to oral antibiotics in upper tract infection
- C.
Risk factors should be considered
- D.
Under the age of 3yrs, microscopy is preferred to dipstick testing
- E.
Dipstick positive for white cells confirm the diagnosis
- 12.Resistance to penicillin is an important issue in (tick all that are true):
- A.
Staphylococcus
- B.
Pneumococcus
- C.
Group A Streptococcus
- D.
Haemophilus influenzae
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