Anatomy Test 3 - Pns (Peripheral Nervous System) And Digestive System

The gallbladder is responsible for the storage, concentration, and release of bile. Bile is a substance produced by the liver that helps in the digestion and absorption of fats. The gallbladder stores bile between meals, and when food is consumed, it contracts and releases the concentrated bile into the small intestine to aid in the digestion process. Therefore, the correct answer is storage, concentration, and release of bile.

The epiglottis is a flap of tissue located at the base of the tongue that prevents food and liquid from entering the windpipe when swallowing. It acts as a protective mechanism to ensure that the food goes down the esophagus and into the stomach, rather than entering the lungs and causing choking or aspiration.

The pancreas is responsible for regulating glucose metabolism by releasing insulin. Insulin helps to control the levels of glucose in the blood by allowing cells to take in and use glucose for energy. This process is crucial for maintaining stable blood sugar levels and preventing conditions like diabetes. The pancreas also performs other functions such as producing digestive enzymes and hormones, but in this case, the correct answer specifically focuses on its role in glucose metabolism.

The autonomic nervous system is responsible for controlling involuntary actions in the body, such as the functioning of the digestive system. It regulates processes like digestion, heart rate, respiration, and glandular secretion. This system works automatically and does not require conscious effort. In contrast, voluntary activities, like the movement of skeletal muscles, are controlled by the somatic nervous system. The autonomic nervous system uses neurotransmitters to transmit signals and regulate the actions of various organs and systems in the body.

The somatic nervous system is responsible for controlling voluntary activities, specifically skeletal muscle movements. This means that it allows us to consciously move our muscles and perform actions such as walking, running, and lifting objects. In contrast, the autonomic nervous system controls involuntary activities such as the functioning of the digestive system, heart rate, and breathing. The neurotransmitter involved in the somatic nervous system is acetylcholine, which is responsible for transmitting signals from the nerves to the skeletal muscles, causing them to contract and move.

The given answer is correct because acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter that plays a crucial role in controlling skeletal muscle action. It is responsible for transmitting signals from the nerves to the muscles, leading to muscle contraction. Acetylcholine is released at the neuromuscular junction, where it binds to receptors on the muscle cells, initiating the contraction process. Therefore, acetylcholine is primarily involved in the control of voluntary activities, specifically the movement of skeletal muscles.

The stomach breaks down food chemically into chyme. Chyme is a thick, semi-fluid mixture of partially digested food and stomach secretions. It is formed through the mechanical and chemical actions of the stomach, including the secretion of gastric juices and the churning and mixing of food. Chyme is then gradually released into the small intestine for further digestion and absorption of nutrients.

The correct order of the three parts of the small intestines is duodenum, jejunum, ileum. The duodenum is the first part of the small intestines and is responsible for receiving partially digested food from the stomach. The jejunum is the middle part of the small intestines and is where most of the absorption of nutrients takes place. The ileum is the final part of the small intestines and is responsible for further absorption of nutrients and the passage of waste material into the large intestines.