3DX5X - Volumes 1 & 2 - Combined Vres

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1. (201) What is a formal set of rules and conventions that govern how computers exchange information over a network medium?

Explanation

A protocol is a formal set of rules and conventions that govern how computers exchange information over a network medium. It defines the format, timing, sequencing, and error control of data transmission. Protocols ensure that devices can communicate with each other effectively and efficiently, by providing a common language and structure for data exchange. They allow for reliable and secure communication between different systems and enable interoperability in networked environments.

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3DX5X - Volumes 1 & 2 - Combined Vres - Quiz


Unit Review Exercise questions for the 3DX5CX Volumes 1 & 2.

2. (203) Which network protocol has the Department of Defense chosen as its standard to govern the flow of information?

Explanation

The Department of Defense has chosen the Transport Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) as its standard network protocol to govern the flow of information. TCP/IP is a suite of communication protocols that enables communication between computers on the internet. It provides reliable and efficient transmission of data packets, ensuring that information is delivered accurately and in the correct order. TCP/IP is widely used and has become the foundation of the internet and many other networks.

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3. (207) The ability to move about without being tethered by wires technology is called

Explanation

The correct answer is mobility because it refers to the ability to move about freely without being restricted by wires. This term is commonly used in the context of wireless technology, such as wireless communication or wireless devices, which allow for greater flexibility and convenience in movement.

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4. (212) What do routing algorithms initialize and maintain to aid the process of path determination?

Explanation

Routing algorithms initialize and maintain routing tables to aid the process of path determination. Routing tables contain information about the network topology, including the available routes, metrics, and next-hop destinations. By consulting the routing table, the algorithm can determine the best path for forwarding packets to their destination. These tables are continuously updated and maintained by the routing algorithm to adapt to changes in the network, such as link failures or new network connections.

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5. (215) The path between the operating system and virtually all hardware not on the computer's motherboard goes through a special program called a

Explanation

The correct answer is "driver." In a computer system, the operating system communicates with various hardware components through a special program called a driver. This driver acts as a bridge between the operating system and the hardware, allowing them to work together effectively. Without a driver, the operating system would not be able to control or interact with hardware devices such as printers, scanners, or graphics cards. Therefore, a driver is essential for establishing communication and enabling the proper functioning of hardware components connected to a computer system.

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6. (215) What are two anti-virus programs that the Air Force uses?

Explanation

The Air Force uses Norton and McAfee as their two anti-virus programs. These programs are commonly used in many organizations and are known for their effectiveness in detecting and eliminating viruses and malware. By using multiple anti-virus programs, the Air Force can enhance their cybersecurity measures and ensure the protection of their systems and data from potential threats.

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7. (217) What was the first disk operating system developed to operate on a wide range of computer systems?

Explanation

UNIX was the first disk operating system that was developed to operate on a wide range of computer systems. It was designed to be portable and compatible with different hardware architectures, allowing it to run on various computer platforms. UNIX's flexibility and compatibility made it a popular choice among computer scientists and engineers, leading to its widespread adoption and influence on subsequent operating systems.

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8. (217) What directory is always identified by the slash symbol (/) and is in the "a" partition?

Explanation

The directory that is always identified by the slash symbol (/) and is in the "a" partition is the root directory. The root directory is the top-level directory in a file system hierarchy and serves as the starting point for navigating the file system. It contains all other directories and files in the system and is denoted by the forward slash symbol (/).

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9. (223) What concerns slowed the military's adoption of wireless network technology?

Explanation

The military's adoption of wireless network technology was slowed down due to concerns regarding security and reliability. Security is a major concern for the military as they need to ensure that their wireless networks are protected from unauthorized access and potential cyber attacks. Reliability is also crucial for the military as they rely on consistent and uninterrupted communication for their operations. Therefore, the military needed to address these concerns before fully adopting wireless network technology.

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10. (225) While you are using the Red Switch, what feature lets you know that you have dialed the correct number at the proper level of security?

Explanation

The feature that lets you know that you have dialed the correct number at the proper level of security while using the Red Switch is the liquid crystal display. The liquid crystal display provides a visual representation of the dialed number, ensuring that the correct number has been entered. This display technology is commonly used in electronic devices for its ability to provide clear and easily readable information.

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11. (228) Which of the following security programs is defined as a process of identifying critical information and subsequently analyzing friendly actions attendant to military operations and other activities?

Explanation

OPSEC stands for Operations Security. It is a security program that involves identifying critical information and analyzing friendly actions in military operations and other activities. OPSEC aims to prevent adversaries from obtaining information that could be used against the organization or operation. It involves measures such as identifying vulnerabilities, assessing risks, and implementing countermeasures to protect sensitive information and maintain operational security. EMSEC (Emissions Security), COMSEC (Communications Security), and COMPUSEC (Computer Security) are related but distinct security programs that focus on securing specific aspects of information and communication systems.

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12. (001) Which 3D Air Force Speciality (AFS) responsibility includes local base helpdesk/client support and "hands-on" maintenance actions?

Explanation

Client Systems is the correct answer because this 3D Air Force Specialty (AFS) is responsible for providing local base helpdesk/client support and performing "hands-on" maintenance actions. This role involves troubleshooting and resolving technical issues, setting up and configuring computer systems, and ensuring the smooth operation of client systems within the Air Force.

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13. (002) What is the main goal of the utilization and training workshop (U&TW)?

Explanation

The main goal of the utilization and training workshop (U&TW) is to establish a viable Career Field Education and Training Plan (CFETP). This means that the workshop aims to create a comprehensive and effective plan for education and training within a specific career field. The CFETP will outline the necessary training requirements, career progression opportunities, and job qualifications for individuals in that field. By establishing a viable CFETP, the workshop ensures that the career field has a structured and well-defined training program in place to support the development and success of its personnel.

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14. (012) Which Air Force Portal feature enables authorized users to enter passwords once to gain access to all applications with no further log-in requirement?

Explanation

Single-sign-on is the correct answer because it is a feature that allows authorized users to enter their password once and gain access to all applications without needing to log in again. This feature simplifies the login process and saves time for users by eliminating the need to remember multiple passwords for different applications. It enhances security by reducing the risk of password breaches and makes it more convenient for users to access various applications within the Air Force Portal.

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15. (012) Which Air Force Portal feature provides a secure, Web-based collaborative environment specific to a given task or topic where members of a group share information and tools to conduct business, manage a project, and/or solve group problems?  

Explanation

A community of practice is a feature on the Air Force Portal that provides a secure, web-based collaborative environment where members of a group can share information and tools to conduct business, manage a project, and solve group problems. It allows individuals with a common interest or task to come together and collaborate in a specific area, fostering knowledge sharing and expertise development. This feature enables members to work together effectively and efficiently on a given task or topic within the Air Force Portal.

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16. (013) When corresponding to an e-mail, which would you not use to follow proper e-mail etiquette?

Explanation

Using the "Reply-to-All" feature consistently would not follow proper email etiquette. This feature should only be used when it is necessary for everyone included in the original email thread to receive the response. In most cases, it is more appropriate to reply only to the sender or to select specific recipients who need to be included in the response. Using "Reply-to-All" unnecessarily can clutter inboxes and lead to unnecessary emails for recipients who do not need to be involved in the conversation.

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17. (014) Records that are considered to be in draft format

Explanation

Records that are considered to be in draft format can be altered and are not officially released.

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18. (018) A comprehensive term that specifies the destruction, salvage, and donation of records, or the transfer to a staging area or records center; and the transfer of records from the one organization to another is called a

Explanation

Disposition is the correct answer because it encompasses the various actions related to the management of records, including destruction, salvage, donation, transfer to a staging area or records center, and transfer between organizations. The term "retire" refers specifically to the removal of records from active use, while "archive" refers to the long-term preservation of records. "Acquisition" refers to the process of obtaining new records, but does not cover the other actions mentioned in the question.

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19. (019) The proper way we destroy records to prevent compromise is by 

Explanation

The proper way to destroy records to prevent compromise is by using any method such as tearing, burning, or shredding, as long as personal data is not recognizable and beyond reconstruction. This ensures that the information cannot be accessed or reconstructed by unauthorized individuals, thus safeguarding sensitive data from potential breaches.

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20. (023) A remotely piloted or self-piloted aircraft that can carry cameras, sensors, communications equipment, or other payloads is called a/an

Explanation

An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is a remotely piloted or self-piloted aircraft that can carry cameras, sensors, communications equipment, or other payloads. This term is commonly used to refer to drones or aircraft that are controlled from the ground without a human pilot on board. The other options listed, such as high altitude endurance (HAE), type unit equipment detail file (TUDET), and Deliberate Crisis Action Planning and Execution Segments (DCAPES), do not accurately describe a remotely piloted or self-piloted aircraft with payload capabilities.

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21. (039) What function provides the Department of Defense (DOD) with the capability to reach hundreds of thousands of people via personal computers (PC), personal digital assistants (PDAs), land and cell phones, pagers, Blackberry devices, and/or giant voice systems in real-time?

Explanation

AtHoc's solutions provide the Department of Defense (DOD) with the capability to reach hundreds of thousands of people in real-time through various devices such as personal computers, personal digital assistants, land and cell phones, pagers, Blackberry devices, and giant voice systems. These solutions offer a comprehensive communication platform that enables the DOD to quickly and efficiently disseminate important information to a large number of individuals across different communication channels.

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22. (202) What topology defines the layout of a network's devices and media?

Explanation

The correct answer is Physical. This is because the physical topology refers to the physical layout of devices and media in a network. It describes how the devices are connected physically, such as through cables or wireless connections. This includes the arrangement of devices, the type of cables used, and the location of devices in relation to each other. The physical topology determines how data is transmitted between devices and how the network is structured physically.

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23. (202) What topology consists of cable segments from each computer connected to a centralized component?

Explanation

A star topology consists of cable segments from each computer connected to a centralized component, usually a switch or hub. In this configuration, all communication between the computers passes through the central component. This topology provides a high level of reliability and scalability, as adding or removing computers does not disrupt the entire network. It also allows for easy troubleshooting and isolation of network issues, as each computer has its own dedicated connection to the central component.

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24. (202) What topology combines two or more different physical topologies in a single network?

Explanation

A hybrid topology combines two or more different physical topologies in a single network. This means that the network can have a combination of bus, ring, star, or any other topology. It allows for flexibility and scalability, as different topologies can be used for different parts of the network based on their requirements. This type of topology is commonly used in large networks where different sections may have different connectivity needs.

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25. (207) Which of the following is not one of the three advantages to using wireless technology?

Explanation

Wireless technology offers several advantages, including ease of installation, lower cost, and mobility. However, safety is not one of these advantages. While wireless technology can provide convenience and flexibility, it may also pose security risks, such as unauthorized access or data breaches. Therefore, safety cannot be considered as an advantage of using wireless technology.

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26. (212) What layer of the open system interconnection model do routers operate?

Explanation

Routers operate at Layer 3 of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model, which is the network layer. This layer is responsible for routing and forwarding data packets across different networks. Routers use IP addresses to determine the best path for forwarding packets from the source to the destination. They make decisions based on network layer protocols, such as Internet Protocol (IP), and are essential for connecting different networks together and enabling communication between them.

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27. (230) Which form is used as a visitor register log to record visitors into restricted areas?

Explanation

AF Form 1109 is used as a visitor register log to record visitors into restricted areas. This form is specifically designed for this purpose and is used by the Air Force to maintain a record of individuals who enter restricted areas. It helps to ensure that only authorized personnel have access to these areas and allows for tracking and monitoring of visitor activity.

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28. (005) Offensive operations support United States cyberspace objectives by

Explanation

Offensive operations support United States cyberspace objectives by denying, degrading, disrupting, destroying or altering the adversary's ability to use cyberspace. This means that the United States takes proactive measures to hinder the adversary's ability to operate effectively in the cyberspace domain. By doing so, they aim to limit the adversary's capabilities, prevent them from carrying out malicious activities, and protect sensitive data and systems from potential harm.

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29. (007) Which center is typically aligned under the base communications squadron, provides Tier 3 (local level) on-site, and implements technical and physical network changes?

Explanation

The Network Control Center (NCC) is typically aligned under the base communications squadron and is responsible for providing Tier 3 on-site support and implementing technical and physical network changes. It serves as a centralized hub for monitoring and managing the base network infrastructure. The Integrated Network Operations and Security Center (I-NOSC) is responsible for higher-level network operations and security, while the Air Force Network Operations Center (AFNOC) oversees network operations at the Air Force level. The Area Processing Center (APC) is not directly related to network operations and is not aligned under the base communications squadron.

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30. (010) In what year did the Air Force finalized and published its information operations (IO) doctrine in August 1998, while the Joint Staff published its doctrine?

Explanation

In August 1998, the Air Force finalized and published its information operations (IO) doctrine, while the Joint Staff also published its doctrine. Therefore, the correct answer is 1998.

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31. (011) What provides us with the transmission of analog or digital bits information to convey data over significant geographical distances to communicate?

Explanation

Telecommunications refers to the transmission of information over significant geographical distances. It involves the use of various technologies and systems to convey data, whether in analog or digital form. This can include the use of telephone lines, satellites, fiber optics, or wireless networks. Telecommunications enables communication between individuals or organizations, allowing them to exchange information, voice, or video over long distances. It plays a crucial role in connecting people and facilitating the exchange of data worldwide.

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32. (014) Which document is not considered an official government record?

Explanation

Library reference or museum exhibitions are not considered official government records because they are not created or maintained by government agencies for official purposes. Official government records typically include documents that are created, received, or maintained by government agencies in the course of their official duties. Published doctrines, geographical base maps, and photographs of a retreat ceremony can all be considered official government records depending on the context and the agency responsible for creating or maintaining them.

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33. (018) What authorization generates a file disposition control label for each item listed on the office's file plan?

Explanation

AFRIMS is the authorization that generates a file disposition control label for each item listed on the office's file plan. This system is specifically designed for the Air Force and is responsible for managing records and information. It ensures that proper control and disposition labels are assigned to each item in accordance with the office's file plan.

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34. (025) Which system asset can be tasked to provide liaison, control tower, Radar Approach Control (RAPCON), precision landing, and mobile Tactical Air Navigation (TACAN) services as a standalone unit or in any combination?

Explanation

Deployable Air Traffic-Control and Landing Systems (DATCALS) can be tasked to provide liaison, control tower, Radar Approach Control (RAPCON), precision landing, and mobile Tactical Air Navigation (TACAN) services as a standalone unit or in any combination. This system is designed to be portable and can be deployed to remote or temporary locations to provide air traffic control and landing support. It is capable of providing a range of services necessary for safe and efficient air operations in various operational environments.

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35. (036) Which system capitalizes on the popular commercial direct broadcast satellite technology to provide critical information to the nation's warfighters?

Explanation

The Global Broadcast Service (GBS) capitalizes on the popular commercial direct broadcast satellite technology to provide critical information to the nation's warfighters. This system utilizes satellite technology to deliver real-time data, imagery, and video to military personnel in the field, allowing them to access important information quickly and efficiently. By leveraging the capabilities of direct broadcast satellite technology, GBS ensures that critical information reaches warfighters in a timely manner, enhancing their situational awareness and decision-making capabilities.

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36. (213) The classification of a fill device is

Explanation

When a key is loaded into a fill device, it becomes classified and holds the same classification as the loaded key. This means that the fill device's classification is determined by the key that is inserted into it.

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37. (019) For which exception will federal records centers accept records having less than 3 years of retention?

Explanation

Federal records centers will accept records having less than 3 years of retention for base closures. This means that when a military base is closed, the federal records centers will accept and store records related to that base, even if they have not been retained for the usual 3-year period. This exception allows for the proper management and preservation of records during the process of closing a military base.

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38. (025) Which system provides the capability to identify, sequence, and separate aircraft; provide final approach guidance, and control instructions to aircraft at deployed locations in all types of weather?

Explanation

Deployable Air Traffic-Control and Landing Systems (DATCALS) is the system that provides the capability to identify, sequence, and separate aircraft; provide final approach guidance, and control instructions to aircraft at deployed locations in all types of weather.

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39. (037) Which system is a USAF program supporting Global, Defense Communication System (DCS) HF Entry, Mystic Star, and System of Inter-American Telecommunications for the Air Forces (SITFAA) missions?

Explanation

The correct answer is High Frequency-Global Communications System (HF-GCS). This system supports various USAF programs including Global, Defense Communication System (DCS) HF Entry, Mystic Star, and System of Inter-American Telecommunications for the Air Forces (SITFAA) missions. HF-GCS is specifically designed for global communications using high frequency radio waves, allowing the USAF to maintain reliable and secure communication across different regions and missions.

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40. (207) Which of the following is not one of the four security threats to Wireless Local Area Network?

Explanation

Direct Connections is not one of the four security threats to Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN). Rogue Access Points refers to unauthorized access points that can be set up by attackers to gain access to the network. War Drivers refers to individuals who drive around with a wireless device to detect and exploit vulnerabilities in wireless networks. Hackers are individuals who attempt to gain unauthorized access to a network. However, Direct Connections does not pose a specific security threat to WLAN as it does not involve unauthorized access or exploitation of vulnerabilities.

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41. (210) This type of bridge is used to convert one Data Link layer protocol to another.

Explanation

A translational bridge is used to convert one Data Link layer protocol to another. This means that it can take data from one network using a specific protocol and translate it into a different protocol for another network. This is useful in situations where different networks are using incompatible protocols and need to communicate with each other. The translational bridge acts as a mediator, allowing the data to be transmitted and received correctly between the two networks.

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42. (024) Which component of theater deployable communications (TDC) is a suite of modules and accessory kits serving as the backbone of a deployed communications network?

Explanation

The Integrated Communications Access Package (ICAP) is the correct answer because it is described as a suite of modules and accessory kits that serve as the backbone of a deployed communications network. This suggests that the ICAP provides the necessary components and infrastructure for establishing and maintaining communication in a theater deployment. The other options, such as the Basic Access Module (BAM), Promina Multiplexer (P-MUX), and Flyaway Tri-band Satellite Terminal (FTSAT), do not specifically mention serving as the backbone of a deployed communications network, making them less likely to be the correct answer.

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43. (202) What topology consists of devices connected to a common, shared cable?

Explanation

In a bus topology, devices are connected to a common, shared cable. This means that all devices on the network can access the same cable and can transmit and receive data. It is called a "bus" because the cable acts as a single communication line that connects all the devices. This type of topology is relatively simple and easy to set up, but it can be susceptible to single point failures if the main cable is damaged or disconnected.

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44. (205) Instead of using binary, how are IPv4 addresses expressed to be more user-friendly?

Explanation

IPv4 addresses are expressed in dotted decimal notation to make them more user-friendly. In this format, the address is divided into four segments, each representing one byte of the address. Each segment is separated by a dot, making it easier for users to read and understand the address. This format is widely used and familiar to most people, making it the preferred way to express IPv4 addresses in a human-readable form.

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45. (205) Using a range of 1-136 in the first octet of an IPv4 address, what class does it belong to?

Explanation

In IPv4 addressing, the first octet represents the network class. Class A addresses have a range of 1-126 in the first octet, so a range of 1-136 would fall within Class A. Class A addresses have a large number of network addresses available, making them suitable for large organizations or ISPs. Class B addresses have a range of 128-191 in the first octet, Class C addresses have a range of 192-223, and Class D addresses are reserved for multicast addresses.

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46. (204) What type of network makes use of tunneling and security protocols to enables a group of two or more computer systems to communicate over the public Internet?

Explanation

A Virtual Private Network (VPN) is a type of network that uses tunneling and security protocols to enable communication between two or more computer systems over the public Internet. It allows for secure and private communication by encrypting data and creating a secure "tunnel" through which information can travel. VPNs are commonly used by businesses and individuals to access resources remotely, connect branch offices, or ensure secure communication over public networks.

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47. (207) Which landline transmission medium is the primary carrier of voice communications?

Explanation

Twisted pair cable is the primary carrier of voice communications in landline transmission. This type of cable consists of two insulated copper wires twisted together to reduce interference and crosstalk. It is widely used in telephone networks due to its cost-effectiveness and reliability in transmitting voice signals. Twisted pair cable is capable of carrying analog voice signals and can also be used for data transmission. Fiber optic cable, coaxial cable, and twinax cable are not primarily used for voice communications in landline transmission.

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48. (210) What rule establishes the percent of data that should be local to a segment and the percentage of data that should be destined to traverse a bridge to the other segment?

Explanation

The 80/20 rule establishes that 80% of the data should be local to a segment, meaning it stays within that segment, while 20% of the data should be destined to traverse a bridge to the other segment. This rule suggests that the majority of data should be kept within its local segment to minimize network traffic and improve efficiency, while still allowing for some data exchange between segments.

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49. (211) What is the method called when the entire frame is received and placed into the buffer, an error check is performed, and the frame is sent to the proper port for delivery?

Explanation

Store-and-forward is the method where the entire frame is received and stored in the buffer before being sent to the proper port for delivery. This method also includes performing an error check on the frame to ensure its integrity before forwarding it. This approach helps to ensure that the frame is error-free and complete before being transmitted, minimizing the chances of data loss or corruption during the transmission process.

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50. (215) Which one is not a category of the operating system's task categories?

Explanation

The correct answer is "Troubleshoot interface" because it is not a category of the operating system's task categories. The operating system's task categories typically include user interface, memory management, and processor management. The troubleshoot interface is not a standard category as it refers to a specific functionality or feature rather than a broad category of tasks performed by the operating system.

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51. (231) Final reports of a communication security incident are due

Explanation

The correct answer is 30 days after the initial report is issued. This means that the final reports for a communication security incident are required to be submitted 30 days after the initial report has been issued. This allows sufficient time for the incident to be investigated, analyzed, and any necessary actions or remediation to be implemented before the final report is due.

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52. (232) Which applied discipline applies measures and controls to protect data in computer systems against unauthorized, disclosure, modification, or destruction?

Explanation

COMPUSEC, also known as computer security, is an applied discipline that applies measures and controls to protect data in computer systems against unauthorized disclosure, modification, or destruction. This includes implementing various security measures such as firewalls, encryption, access controls, and antivirus software to safeguard computer systems and the data they contain.

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53. (001) Which 3D Air Force Speciality (AFS) responsibilities include the installation and maintenance for large scale network wiring in support of fixed and deployed operations?

Explanation

The correct answer is Cable and Antenna Systems. Cable and Antenna Systems specialists are responsible for the installation and maintenance of large-scale network wiring in support of both fixed and deployed operations. They ensure that the cable and antenna systems are functioning properly and are able to transmit and receive signals effectively. This includes troubleshooting and repairing any issues that may arise with the wiring or antennas.

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54. (009) Which document is used as the basis for drafting and enforcing all federal laws governing the United States?

Explanation

The Constitution is the document used as the basis for drafting and enforcing all federal laws governing the United States. It outlines the structure of the government, the powers and limitations of each branch, and the rights and freedoms of the citizens. It serves as the supreme law of the land and provides the framework for the legal system in the United States. The Bill of Rights is a part of the Constitution that guarantees individual rights and liberties. The United States Title Code 10 and the Uniform Code of Military Justice are specific laws and regulations that pertain to the military.

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55. (009) Which document serves as the basis for holding military members accountable for breeches in binding instruction and law?

Explanation

The Uniform Code of Military Justice serves as the basis for holding military members accountable for breeches in binding instruction and law. It is a federal law that applies to all members of the United States military and outlines the legal framework within which military personnel must operate. It covers a wide range of offenses, including those related to discipline, conduct, and justice. The UCMJ ensures that military members are held to a high standard of behavior and provides a system for addressing and adjudicating violations.

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56. (011) What tool provides essential online resources for the Air Force and its users at a single location?

Explanation

The Air Force Portal is the correct answer because it is a tool that provides essential online resources for the Air Force and its users at a single location. It serves as a central hub for accessing information, documents, and services related to the Air Force. Users can find various resources such as news, training materials, career information, and communication tools on the Air Force Portal. It is designed to streamline access to important information and enhance communication within the Air Force community.

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57. (011) What tool is considered a​ key enabler for the information technology task force and a foundation program for other transformation task forces?

Explanation

The Air Force Portal is considered a key enabler for the information technology task force and a foundation program for other transformation task forces. It provides a centralized platform for accessing information, resources, and tools that are essential for the Air Force's IT operations. It allows personnel to securely access and share information, collaborate on projects, and perform various administrative tasks. The Air Force Portal plays a crucial role in streamlining communication, improving efficiency, and enhancing the overall effectiveness of the Air Force's IT operations.

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58. (017) Marking the records for filing is considered which step of file management?

Explanation

Marking the records for filing is considered the second step of file management. This step involves the identification and labeling of the records to ensure they can be easily located and retrieved when needed. By marking the records, such as using labels, tags, or codes, it becomes easier to organize and categorize them in a systematic manner. This step is crucial in maintaining an efficient and organized filing system, allowing for quick and accurate access to the desired information.

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59. (024) Which theater deployable communications (TDC) equipment characteristic requires equipment modules to be expandable and packaged for deployment in standard 19-inch rack mounted transit cases, vehicles, or shelterized configurations?

Explanation

Modularity-scalability is the characteristic of theater deployable communications (TDC) equipment that requires equipment modules to be expandable and packaged for deployment in standard 19-inch rack mounted transit cases, vehicles, or shelterized configurations. This means that the equipment can be easily expanded or scaled up to accommodate different needs and can be easily transported and deployed in various environments.

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60. (203) What Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol transport layer protocol provides reliable data delivery services?

Explanation

The correct answer is Transmission Control Protocol. TCP is a reliable transport layer protocol that ensures the delivery of data packets in the correct order and without any loss or duplication. It establishes a connection between the sender and receiver, breaks the data into smaller segments, and reassembles them at the destination. TCP also provides flow control and congestion control mechanisms to optimize the transmission of data.

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61. (205) What is the default classful subnet mask on class B networks?

Explanation

The default classful subnet mask for class B networks is 255.255.0.0. This subnet mask allows for 16 bits of host addresses, which means that it can support up to 65,534 hosts on a single network. Class B networks have a default range of IP addresses from 128.0.0.0 to 191.255.255.255. The subnet mask of 255.255.0.0 divides the network into two parts, with the first two octets representing the network portion and the last two octets representing the host portion.

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62. (207) Who is an authorized client that may unknowingly or maliciously help outside parties gain access to a network?

Explanation

An employee is an authorized client who may unknowingly or maliciously help outside parties gain access to a network. As an insider, an employee has legitimate access to the network and can use their privileges to compromise its security. They may accidentally disclose sensitive information, fall victim to social engineering attacks, or intentionally collaborate with external hackers to breach the network's defenses. Therefore, it is crucial for organizations to implement strong security measures and provide proper training to employees to mitigate the risk of insider threats.

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63. (217) What is the name of the standard all-purpose shell most commonly used?

Explanation

The Bourne shell is the most commonly used all-purpose shell in Unix-like operating systems. It was developed by Stephen Bourne and is known for its simplicity and efficiency. It provides a command-line interface for users to interact with the operating system and execute commands. The Bourne shell is often used for scripting and automation tasks due to its widespread availability and compatibility with various Unix systems.

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64. (227) The Global Positioning System program is responsible for maintaining GPS time to within how many seconds of universal time code?

Explanation

The Global Positioning System program is responsible for maintaining GPS time to within 1 microsecond of universal time code. This means that the GPS time is accurate to within 1 millionth of a second compared to the universal time code. This level of precision is important for various applications that rely on GPS, such as navigation systems, scientific research, and telecommunications.

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65. (233) What best describes an unintended signals or noise appearing external to a piece of communications equipment?

Explanation

Emanation best describes an unintended signals or noise appearing external to a piece of communications equipment. Emanation refers to the unintentional release of electromagnetic or acoustic signals from electronic devices, which can potentially be intercepted and exploited by attackers. This can include signals such as radio frequency emissions or electromagnetic radiation that can be used to gather information or interfere with the proper functioning of the equipment.

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66. (001) Which 3D Air Force Specialty (AFS) focuses its attention on the administration of servers and server farms throughout Air Force installations worldwide?

Explanation

Cyber Systems Operations focuses on the administration of servers and server farms throughout Air Force installations worldwide. This specialty is responsible for ensuring the smooth functioning and security of the servers and network infrastructure. They handle tasks such as server installation, configuration, maintenance, and troubleshooting. Their expertise is crucial in maintaining the operational readiness of Air Force systems and ensuring efficient communication and data management.

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67. (003) From which of the following can a person absorb selectively damaging amounts of radiation that will result in deep tissue harming organs with little or no sensation of skin heating?

Explanation

Nonionizing radiation refers to forms of electromagnetic radiation that do not have enough energy to remove tightly bound electrons from atoms, thus not causing ionization. Unlike ionizing radiation, nonionizing radiation does not have enough energy to directly damage DNA or harm deep tissues. Therefore, a person cannot absorb selectively damaging amounts of radiation from nonionizing sources that would result in deep tissue harming organs without feeling any sensation of skin heating.

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68. (004) Which occupational risk management (ORM) principle requests you to weigh the risks against opportunities and benefits to help maximize unit capability?

Explanation

This principle of accepting risk when benefits outweigh the costs is important in occupational risk management (ORM) as it encourages decision-makers to evaluate the potential risks and benefits associated with a particular action or operation. By weighing the risks against the opportunities and benefits, organizations can make informed decisions that help maximize their unit capability. This principle recognizes that there will always be some level of risk involved in any activity, but it is acceptable as long as the benefits justify it. It promotes a balanced approach to risk management, ensuring that unnecessary risks are avoided while still allowing for the pursuit of opportunities and benefits.

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69. (014) Records that are considered to be in final format have which characteristic?

Explanation

Records that are considered to be in final format have the characteristic of being officially signed and officially released. This means that they have undergone the necessary approvals and are ready to be shared or distributed.

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70. (017) The primary purpose for maintaining records is to ensure

Explanation

The primary purpose for maintaining records is to ensure that we can provide information to decision makers whenever and wherever it is needed. By keeping records, we have a reliable source of information that can be accessed and used to make informed decisions. This helps in ensuring that the right information is available to the right people at the right time, enabling effective decision-making processes.

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71. (033) Which system was originally designed as a specialized system for Army, Navy, and Air Force technicians to use as a tool to troubleshoot network problems?

Explanation

SEAMARK was originally designed as a specialized system for Army, Navy, and Air Force technicians to use as a tool to troubleshoot network problems.

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72. (007) Which center has the overall authoritative source for the status, control, and defense of Air Force networks?

Explanation

The Air Force Network Operations Center (AFNOC) is the correct answer because it is responsible for the overall authoritative source for the status, control, and defense of Air Force networks. The AFNOC is responsible for monitoring, managing, and defending the Air Force's network infrastructure, ensuring its availability, integrity, and confidentiality. It serves as the central hub for network operations and security, coordinating with other centers and units to ensure the smooth operation of Air Force networks. The other options, such as the Area Processing Center (APC), Network Control Center (NCC), and Integrated Network Operations and Security Center (I-NOSC), may have specific roles and responsibilities, but they do not have the overall authority and responsibility that the AFNOC possesses.

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73. (021) Which function is a state-of-the-art ground-to-ground communications infrastructure designed to exchange secure and non-secure voice, data, and video communications by way of line-of-sight (LOS), satellite, or hard-wired resources?

Explanation

The correct answer is Theater deployable communications. Theater deployable communications is a state-of-the-art ground-to-ground communications infrastructure that is designed to exchange secure and non-secure voice, data, and video communications. It utilizes various resources such as line-of-sight (LOS), satellite, or hard-wired connections to facilitate communication in a theater of operations. This infrastructure is specifically designed to be deployed in theater, enabling efficient and effective communication between military personnel in various locations.

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74. (024) Which theater deployable communications (TDC) equipment characteristic requires size, weight, power requirements, and equipment set-up times are kept to an absolute minimum to support the transportation, deployment, and operations in a deployed environment?

Explanation

Mobility is the characteristic of theater deployable communications (TDC) equipment that requires size, weight, power requirements, and equipment set-up times to be kept to a minimum. This is necessary to support the transportation, deployment, and operations of the equipment in a deployed environment. By being mobile, the TDC equipment can easily be transported to different locations and quickly set up, allowing for efficient communication in rapidly changing and dynamic situations.

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75. (038) Which system provides the ability to rapidly detect and identify airborne targets with minimal or no support?

Explanation

Ground Theater Air Control (GTACS) provides the ability to rapidly detect and identify airborne targets with minimal or no support. This system is specifically designed for air defense and surveillance operations in a theater of operations. It allows for real-time monitoring and control of air defense assets, facilitating rapid response and coordination in identifying and engaging airborne threats. GTACS is an essential component of air defense systems, providing critical situational awareness and enabling effective air defense operations.

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76. (201) At what Open System Interconnect layer do routers operate?

Explanation

Routers operate at the Network layer of the Open System Interconnect (OSI) model. The Network layer is responsible for routing and forwarding data packets between different networks. Routers use IP addresses to determine the best path for data packets to reach their destination. They make decisions based on network conditions, such as congestion and availability, to ensure efficient and reliable data transmission. Therefore, the correct answer is Network.

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77. (202) What topology defines the way in which devices communicate, and data is transmitted, throughout the network?

Explanation

Logical topology defines the way in which devices communicate and data is transmitted throughout the network. It describes the logical connections and pathways that data takes from one device to another, regardless of the physical layout of the network. This includes concepts such as bus, ring, star, mesh, and tree topologies.

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78. (205) What IPv4 reserved address is used for loop back?

Explanation

The IPv4 reserved address used for loop back is 127.0.0.1. This address is often referred to as the loopback address or localhost. It is used to test network connectivity on the local machine without actually sending data over a network. When a device sends data to the loopback address, it is immediately returned to itself. This is commonly used in troubleshooting network issues or testing network applications on a single device.

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79. (234) Which condition exists when there is no apparent terrorist activity against computer networks?

Explanation

INFOCON 5 refers to the lowest level of the Information Operations Condition, indicating that there is no known or anticipated threat against computer networks. This means that there is currently no apparent terrorist activity targeting computer networks. INFOCON 5 signifies a state of normalcy and minimal risk, where organizations can operate without heightened security measures or concerns about cyber attacks.

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80. (216) One of the Windows Server Editions operating systems provides support for high-end, high traffic applications servers.  Which Operating system is it?

Explanation

Datacenter Edition is the correct answer because it is specifically designed to support high-end, high traffic application servers. This edition of Windows Server provides advanced features and capabilities to handle the demanding requirements of data centers, such as virtualization, scalability, and reliability. It offers unlimited virtualization rights and supports large-scale deployments, making it suitable for organizations with extensive server infrastructure and heavy workloads.

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81. (235) At which NETOPS level is responsibility for the worldwide management and operational oversight of the defense information infrastructure globally managed?

Explanation

At Tier 1 of NETOPS (Network Operations), the responsibility for the worldwide management and operational oversight of the defense information infrastructure is globally managed.

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82. (004) Which occupational risk management (ORM) principle has risk assessments of mission supportive operations done as a normal way of conducting a mission and not an add-on process?

Explanation

The principle of integrating ORM into operations and planning at all levels suggests that risk assessments should be a normal part of conducting a mission, rather than an additional step. This means that risk assessments should be seamlessly integrated into the planning and execution of mission supportive operations, ensuring that potential risks are identified and managed effectively. By incorporating ORM into all levels of operations and planning, organizations can proactively address risks and make informed decisions to minimize potential hazards and maximize mission success.

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83. (009) Which document authorizes the creation of the Department of Defense (DOD) as the executive component of government and established all subordinate agencies including the Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps?

Explanation

The correct answer is United States Title Code 10. United States Title Code 10, also known as the Armed Forces, is a federal law that authorizes the creation of the Department of Defense (DOD) as the executive component of government. It establishes all subordinate agencies, including the Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps. This code outlines the organization, structure, and responsibilities of the military and serves as the legal basis for the DOD's existence and operations.

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84. (020) What places air and space expeditionary force (AEF) forces in a "ready to deploy" state and supports global requirements, home station requirements or support to Combatant Commanders (CCDR)?

Explanation

Posturing refers to the process of preparing and positioning air and space expeditionary force (AEF) forces in a "ready to deploy" state. This includes ensuring that the forces are trained, equipped, and organized to meet global requirements, home station requirements, and support Combatant Commanders (CCDR). Posturing involves assessing and adjusting the readiness levels of AEF forces, as well as maintaining a state of readiness through training, exercises, and logistical support. By posturing AEF forces, they are able to rapidly respond to any deployment or operational requirements as needed.

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85. (023) As of September 2004, how many total flight hours have coalition unmanned aircrafts flown to support Operation ENDURING FREEDOM and Operation IRAQI FREEDOM?

Explanation

The correct answer is 100,000. This means that as of September 2004, coalition unmanned aircrafts have flown a total of 100,000 flight hours to support Operation ENDURING FREEDOM and Operation IRAQI FREEDOM.

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86. (207) What is the type of memory that retains data after power is removed or lost?

Explanation

Nonvolatile memory is the type of memory that retains data even after power is removed or lost. Unlike volatile memory, which loses its data when power is turned off, nonvolatile memory is designed to permanently store information. This type of memory is commonly used in devices such as hard drives, solid-state drives, and flash memory. It ensures that important data is not lost in case of power failures or other disruptions.

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87. (209) What do you apply across Liquid Crystal Display material to change the alignment and light polarizing property?

Explanation

Voltage is applied across Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) material to change the alignment and light polarizing property. This is because LCDs work by manipulating the alignment of liquid crystal molecules, which in turn affects the polarization of light passing through them. By applying a voltage, the liquid crystal molecules can be aligned in a specific way, allowing the desired amount of light to pass through and creating the desired display effect.

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88. (215) The core operating-system function is the management of the computer system which resides with the 

Explanation

The kernel is responsible for managing the core functions of the operating system. It acts as a bridge between the hardware and software, handling tasks such as memory management, process scheduling, and device driver management. The kernel is essential for the proper functioning of the computer system, making it the correct answer to this question.

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89. (001) Which 3D Air Force Speciality (AFS) responsibilities include the installation, maintains and repairs of fixed and deployable air traffic, weather, ground air control, and warning radar systems?

Explanation

Ground Radio Systems responsibilities include the installation, maintenance, and repair of fixed and deployable air traffic, weather, ground air control, and warning radar systems. This AFS is specifically focused on the operation and maintenance of radio systems used in the Air Force.

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90. (013) Which document would you reference for guidance on "Web management and Internet use"?

Explanation

AFI 33-129 is the correct document to reference for guidance on "Web management and Internet use".

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91. (027) Under what program does the Department of Defense (DOD) collects, processes, produces, disseminates, and uses information?

Explanation

The Department of Defense collects, processes, produces, disseminates, and uses information under the program known as Command, control, communications, computers, intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (C4ISR). This program encompasses various systems and technologies that enable the DOD to gather and analyze information, communicate and share data, and make informed decisions in military operations. It plays a crucial role in enhancing situational awareness, coordination, and effectiveness across the DOD's operations.

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92. (204) Which is a common port that contains Hyper Text Transfer Protocol servers and proxies?

Explanation

Port 8080 is a common port that contains Hyper Text Transfer Protocol servers and proxies. While port 80 is the default port for HTTP, port 8080 is often used as an alternative for running web servers or proxies. It allows for additional flexibility and can be used when port 80 is already in use or blocked.

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93. (206) What Unicast address scope is publicly accessible with the Network ID portion of the address broken up into different areas allowing for hierarchical design and allocation?

Explanation

Aggregatable Global is the correct answer because it refers to a unicast address scope that allows for hierarchical design and allocation. In this scope, the Network ID portion of the address is broken up into different areas, which enables a more efficient and scalable addressing scheme. This type of address is publicly accessible, meaning it can be used for communication over the internet.

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94. (215) Applications are software programs designed to perform what type of tasks?

Explanation

Applications are software programs designed to perform specific tasks. Unlike general-purpose software, applications are created with a specific purpose in mind, such as word processing, spreadsheet management, or photo editing. These programs are tailored to meet the needs of users who require specialized functionality, making them more efficient and user-friendly. Therefore, the correct answer is "specific."

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95. (222) What provides conduit for Joint Worldwide Intelligence Communication System data transmission from one location to another?

Explanation

The DISN (Defense Information Systems Network) backbone is a high-speed network infrastructure that provides a conduit for Joint Worldwide Intelligence Communication System (JWICS) data transmission from one location to another. It is a secure and reliable network that connects various military and intelligence agencies, allowing them to share information and communicate effectively. The DISN backbone ensures the seamless and efficient transfer of JWICS data, enabling timely and accurate intelligence sharing among different locations.

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96. (223) What is the first step in merging voice, data and video networks into one integrated network within the Air Force?

Explanation

The first step in merging voice, data, and video networks into one integrated network within the Air Force is to integrate traditional TDM switches with voice over IP systems. This involves combining the existing TDM switches with VoIP technology to enable the transmission of voice signals over IP networks. This integration allows for the seamless communication of voice, data, and video traffic within a single network infrastructure.

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97. (225) What is the maximum asynchronous data rate for the Defense Red Switch Network (DRSN)?

Explanation

The maximum asynchronous data rate for the Defense Red Switch Network (DRSN) is 19.2 Kbps. This means that the network can transmit data at a maximum speed of 19.2 kilobits per second.

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98. (231) An uninvestigated or unevaluated occurrence that potentially jeopardizes the security of COMSEC material or the secure transmission of government information is best described as a COMSEC

Explanation

An uninvestigated or unevaluated occurrence that potentially jeopardizes the security of COMSEC material or the secure transmission of government information is best described as an incident. This term typically refers to any event or situation that poses a potential risk to the security of communication systems and sensitive information. It emphasizes the need for further investigation and evaluation to assess the impact and take appropriate measures to mitigate any potential threats or vulnerabilities.

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99. (235) An accreditation decision which allows a system to operate in an environment for which it was originally intended is known as

Explanation

A full accreditation is an accreditation decision that allows a system to operate in its intended environment. This means that the system has met all the necessary requirements and standards to function effectively and safely in its designated setting. It signifies that the system has successfully undergone the entire accreditation process and has been deemed fully capable and qualified for its intended purpose.

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100. (001) Which enlisted training element is defined as integrated bundle of expert knowledge and organizational skills inherent to a particular career field?

Explanation

A core competency is a set of integrated knowledge and skills that are essential to a specific career field. It represents the fundamental abilities and expertise that individuals in that field must possess. Core competencies encompass a wide range of skills and knowledge that are necessary for performing tasks and responsibilities within a particular career field. They are essential for individuals to excel and succeed in their roles and are often used as a basis for training and development programs.

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101. (016) An organized collection of data or data structures is know as a/an

Explanation

A database is an organized collection of data or data structures. It is designed to efficiently store, manage, and retrieve large amounts of information. Unlike a file, which typically contains unstructured data, a database organizes data into tables, allowing for easy querying and manipulation. Similarly, a record refers to a single unit of data within a database, such as a row in a table. However, a database encompasses the entire collection of records and provides a comprehensive system for managing and organizing data. An enterprise, on the other hand, refers to a business or organization as a whole and is not directly related to the concept of data storage and management.

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102. (019) Which document is used for accountability purposes when retirement records are identified and prepared for federal records centers, staging areas or to transfer records to another organization?

Explanation

The Standard Form 135 is used for accountability purposes when retirement records are identified and prepared for federal records centers, staging areas, or to transfer records to another organization. This form ensures that the records are properly accounted for and transferred to the appropriate location or organization. The AF Form 55 and AF Form 457 are not specifically designed for retirement records, and the Standard Form 50 is used for personnel actions, not for transferring records.

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103. (021) Who has the primary mission of providing the joint force air component commander (JFACC) with the tools necessary to fight and win a major theater war within the scope and coordination of all land, sea, and air forces?

Explanation

The Air and Space Operations Center has the primary mission of providing the joint force air component commander (JFACC) with the tools necessary to fight and win a major theater war within the scope and coordination of all land, sea, and air forces.

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104. (029) Which system primarily deals with logistics planning data, such as transportation, personnel, and material requirements?

Explanation

The Global Combat Support System (GCSS) primarily deals with logistics planning data, such as transportation, personnel, and material requirements. This system is designed to support the management and execution of logistics operations in a military setting. It helps in tracking and coordinating the movement of resources, ensuring that the right personnel and materials are in the right place at the right time. By providing real-time visibility and data integration, GCSS enables effective logistics planning and decision-making.

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105. (036) Which system is a service that broadcasts via communication payloads on military satellites (Ka band) and commercial satellites (Ku Band)?

Explanation

The Global Broadcast Service (GBS) is a system that broadcasts via communication payloads on military satellites (Ka band) and commercial satellites (Ku Band). It is a service that provides global coverage and enables the dissemination of information, including video, imagery, and data, to military users in a timely and efficient manner. GBS is used for a wide range of applications, including intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR), command and control (C2), and situational awareness. It leverages both military and commercial satellite resources to ensure reliable and widespread communication capabilities.

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106. (203) What Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol network layer protocol provides messaging that can help with troubleshooting?

Explanation

The Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) is a network layer protocol that provides messaging capabilities to help with troubleshooting. It is used by network devices to send error messages and operational information, such as indicating that a requested service is not available or that a host or network is unreachable. ICMP messages can be used to diagnose network connectivity issues, identify network congestion, and perform network testing and debugging.

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107. (205) How many bits are in an IPv4 address?

Explanation

An IPv4 address is a numerical label assigned to each device connected to a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol for communication. It consists of 32 bits, which are divided into four groups of 8 bits each, separated by periods. This allows for a total of 4,294,967,296 unique addresses to be assigned in the IPv4 address space.

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108. (207) What organization developed several wireless standards to meet the demands of security, speed, and flexibility of today's wireless networks?

Explanation

The Institute of Electrical Electronics Engineers (IEEE) is the organization that developed several wireless standards to meet the demands of security, speed, and flexibility of today's wireless networks. The IEEE is a professional association that focuses on advancing technology in various fields, including wireless communications. They have developed standards such as IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi) and IEEE 802.15 (Bluetooth) to ensure compatibility and performance in wireless networks. These standards have greatly contributed to the widespread adoption and success of wireless technology in modern society.

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109. (216) Windows operating systems traditionally function in one of two network models.  Which model does not operate using centralized user accounts?

Explanation

A workgroup is a network model where each computer functions independently and does not rely on a centralized server for user accounts. In a workgroup, each computer has its own local user accounts and manages its own security settings. This model is commonly used in small peer-to-peer networks where there is no dedicated server. In contrast, a domain and Active Directory are network models that utilize centralized user accounts and security policies managed by a domain controller. User groups, on the other hand, are a way to organize and manage user accounts within a centralized system like a domain or Active Directory.

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110. (221) How are non-internet protocols sent across the Secret Internet Protocol Router Network?

Explanation

Non-internet protocols are sent across the Secret Internet Protocol Router Network (SIPRNET) by being encapsulated by the internet protocol before transmission. This means that the non-internet protocols are wrapped in an internet protocol packet, allowing them to be transmitted across the SIPRNET. This encapsulation process ensures that the non-internet protocols can be properly transmitted and understood within the SIPRNET environment.

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111. (224) Which organization is responsible for the design, acquisition, and single systems management of the Defense Switched Network?

Explanation

The Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA) is responsible for the design, acquisition, and single systems management of the Defense Switched Network. DISA is a combat support agency of the Department of Defense (DoD) and provides information technology and communications support to the military. They oversee the development and management of the Defense Information System for the DoD, including networks, systems, and infrastructure.

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112. (226) What is the purpose of the standardized tactical entry point terminal?

Explanation

The purpose of the standardized tactical entry point terminal is to provide a secure and reliable communication link between commanders in the field and the National Command Authority. This allows commanders to have real-time access to critical information and instructions from higher levels of command, even when deployed in remote or challenging environments.

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113. (001) Which 3D Air Force Specialty (AFS) responsibilities include the deployment, sustainment, troubleshooting, and repairing of standard radio frequency (RF) line-of-sight, wideband and ground based satellite devices?

Explanation

The responsibilities of the Radio Frequency Transmission 3D Air Force Specialty (AFS) include the deployment, sustainment, troubleshooting, and repairing of standard radio frequency (RF) line-of-sight, wideband and ground based satellite devices. This means that individuals in this specialty are responsible for ensuring that these devices are functioning properly and are able to transmit and receive signals effectively. They may also be involved in setting up and maintaining communication networks using these devices.

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114. (002) Who is the advisor for all matters affecting the career field?

Explanation

The Air Force career field manager (AFCFM) is the advisor for all matters affecting the career field. They are responsible for providing guidance and support to individuals in the career field, ensuring that they have the necessary resources and opportunities for career development. The AFCFM is knowledgeable about the specific needs and requirements of the career field and can provide expert advice on career progression and opportunities for advancement. They play a critical role in shaping the career paths and success of individuals in the career field.

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115. (015) Who has the authority to appoint record custodians within an office of record?

Explanation

The Chief of Office of Records has the authority to appoint record custodians within an office of record. This individual is responsible for overseeing the management and maintenance of records within the office, including appointing individuals who will be responsible for the custody and control of specific records.

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116. (201) What layer of the Open System Interconnect model defines the electrical, mechanical, procedural, and functional specifications for links between communicating network systems?

Explanation

The correct answer is Physical. The Physical layer of the OSI model is responsible for defining the electrical, mechanical, procedural, and functional specifications for links between communicating network systems. It deals with the physical transmission of data over the network, including the physical medium (such as cables or wireless signals) and the signaling techniques used. This layer ensures that the data is properly transmitted and received at the physical level.

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117. (201) At what Open System Interconnect layer do network switches and bridges operate?

Explanation

Network switches and bridges operate at the Data Link layer of the Open System Interconnect (OSI) model. This layer is responsible for establishing and maintaining reliable links between network devices. Network switches and bridges use MAC addresses to forward data packets within a local area network (LAN). They operate at the Data Link layer by examining the MAC addresses in the data packets and making decisions on how to forward them to their intended destinations.

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118. (203) What application within Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol is used to send and receive files via TCP?

Explanation

File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is the correct answer because it is the application within TCP/IP that is specifically designed for sending and receiving files. FTP allows users to transfer files between a client and a server over a network, using TCP as the underlying transport protocol. FTP provides a reliable and efficient way to transfer files, making it a widely used protocol for file sharing and management.

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119. (204) What type of network connects networks that are typically separated by geographical distances between cities, states, countries, or around the world?

Explanation

A Wide Area Network (WAN) is a type of network that connects networks that are typically separated by geographical distances between cities, states, countries, or around the world. Unlike a Local Area Network (LAN) which is confined to a small area, a WAN allows for communication and data transfer over long distances. A Virtual Private Network (VPN) is a technology that allows for secure remote access to a private network over a public network, and a Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) connects networks within a specific geographic area such as a city. Therefore, the correct answer is Wide Area Network.

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120. (205) What is a mechanism that allows a network device to divide an IP address into a network and host number?

Explanation

A subnet mask is a mechanism that allows a network device to divide an IP address into a network and host number. It is a 32-bit number used to specify which parts of an IP address represent the network and host portions. By applying the subnet mask to an IP address, the device can determine the network ID and host ID, which helps in routing and delivering data packets within a network.

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121. (230) What is the COMSEC program designed to do?

Explanation

The COMSEC program is designed to detect and correct procedural weaknesses that could potentially expose critical information. This means that it focuses on identifying any vulnerabilities or weaknesses in the procedures and protocols related to communication security, and taking the necessary steps to address and rectify them. By doing so, the program aims to enhance the overall security of classified information and prevent any unauthorized access or compromise.

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122. (018) What determines the cutoff for active records?

Explanation

The cutoff for active records is determined by the retention period. This refers to the duration of time that records need to be retained and maintained before they can be disposed of or archived. The retention period is typically determined based on legal, regulatory, or business requirements. Once the retention period has elapsed, the records can then be cutoff and either archived or disposed of according to the organization's policies.

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123. (037) Which system provides high-quality voice/data HF and ultra-high frequency (UHF) satellite communications to the president, vice president, cabinet members, and other senior government and military officials while aboard special airlift mission (SAM) aircraft?

Explanation

Mystic Star is the correct answer because it is the system that provides high-quality voice/data HF and UHF satellite communications to the president, vice president, cabinet members, and other senior government and military officials while aboard special airlift mission (SAM) aircraft.

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124. (214) Analog modems are used over the voice band range of

Explanation

Analog modems are used to transmit data over telephone lines. The voice band range of a telephone line is typically from 300 Hz to 3400 Hz. Analog modems utilize a portion of this voice band range to transmit data. The correct answer, 20 Hz to 20 kHz, falls within the voice band range and is a common frequency range used by analog modems for data transmission.

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125. (215) Software is generally divided into

Explanation

The correct answer is systems software, operating systems software, and applications software. This is because software can be categorized into three main types: systems software, which includes programs that manage and control the computer's hardware and provide a platform for other software to run on; operating systems software, which is a specific type of systems software that manages the computer's resources and provides a user interface; and applications software, which includes programs that perform specific tasks or provide specific functionality to the user. Therefore, the given answer includes all three categories of software.

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126. (229) Disclosure of information that would result in the loss, misuse, modification or unauthorized access that might adversely affect national security would best be described as 

Explanation

The correct answer is "sensitive but unclassified." This term refers to information that is not classified but still requires protection due to its sensitivity. It implies that the information should not be disclosed to the public but does not pose a direct threat to national security.

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127. (218) This component of the Global Information Grid consists of those items that are necessary to directly connect the warfighter to the global network.

Explanation

The correct answer is the Warrior component. The Warrior component of the Global Information Grid consists of the necessary items that directly connect the warfighter to the global network. This component plays a crucial role in ensuring that the warfighter has direct access to the global network, enabling effective communication and information sharing in military operations.

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128. (010) In what year did the Joint Staff and Armed Services consolidated their ideas as the first drafts of joint and Armed Services doctrine circulated around the DOD?

Explanation

In 1995, the Joint Staff and Armed Services consolidated their ideas as the first drafts of joint and Armed Services doctrine circulated around the DOD. This suggests that it was in this year that the two entities came together to finalize and share their initial drafts of doctrine within the Department of Defense.

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129. (012) Which Air Force Portal feature is considered a major benefit of the Air Force Portal?

Explanation

The virtual Military Personnel Flight is considered a major benefit of the Air Force Portal because it allows Air Force personnel to access and manage their personnel records and information online. This feature eliminates the need for individuals to physically visit a Military Personnel Flight office, saving time and resources. It provides convenience and efficiency by allowing personnel to complete tasks such as updating personal information, requesting leave, and accessing important documents from anywhere with internet access.

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130. (026) The 85th Engineering and Installation Squadron is assigned to the 

Explanation

The correct answer is Air Combat Command (ACC). The 85th Engineering and Installation Squadron is assigned to the Air Combat Command, which is responsible for organizing, training, equipping, and maintaining combat-ready forces for air, space, and cyberspace operations. This command is focused on providing combat airpower for the United States Air Force.

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131. (205) What IPv4 class address is used for networks with about 250 nodes?

Explanation

Class C is the correct answer because it is used for networks with about 250 nodes. Class C addresses have a default subnet mask of 255.255.255.0, which allows for up to 254 usable host addresses. This makes it suitable for small to medium-sized networks, such as home networks or small businesses. Class D is used for multicast addresses, Class E is reserved for future use, and Class F is not defined in the IPv4 addressing scheme.

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132. (213) What encryption device may you rarely see due to its lower maximum data rate?

Explanation

The TSEC/KIV-7 encryption device may rarely be seen due to its lower maximum data rate. This suggests that the TSEC/KIV-7 has a slower data processing capability compared to other encryption devices listed.

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133. (223) Besides limiting connections to the Global Information Grid, what other Combat Information Transport Systems initiative will help increase network security?

Explanation

not-available-via-ai

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134. (228) Which security program is covered under AFI 10-701?

Explanation

AFI 10-701 covers the security program OPSEC. OPSEC stands for Operations Security and it involves identifying and protecting critical information that could be used by adversaries to compromise military operations. This program focuses on safeguarding sensitive information and preventing unauthorized disclosure. It includes measures such as risk assessments, threat analysis, and countermeasures to ensure the protection of classified information and operational security.

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135. (235) At what level do regional operation centers perform Network Operations (NETOPS) to ensure operational and administrative control by implementing Systems and Network Management Information Assurance/Network Defense (IA/NetD), and Information Dissemination Management?

Explanation

Regional operation centers perform Network Operations (NETOPS) at Tier 2 level. This level ensures operational and administrative control by implementing Systems and Network Management Information Assurance/Network Defense (IA/NetD), and Information Dissemination Management.

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136. (006) Which option refers to centralized systems which monitor and control industrial sites, or complexes of systems spread out over large areas?

Explanation

Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) refers to centralized systems that monitor and control industrial sites or complexes of systems spread out over large areas. SCADA systems are used in various industries such as power plants, water treatment facilities, and manufacturing plants to gather and analyze real-time data, control processes, and provide remote access and control. They enable operators to monitor and manage the operations of multiple systems from a central location, improving efficiency, and ensuring the safety and reliability of industrial processes.

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137. (008) Which function or organization was established to operate with an air expeditionary task force (AETF)?

Explanation

The Expeditionary Communications Squadron (ECS) was established to operate with an air expeditionary task force (AETF). This suggests that the ECS is responsible for providing communication services and support to the AETF during their operations. The other options, such as the Enterprise Service Unit (ESU), Enterprise Service Desk (ESD), and Combat Communications Squadron (CCS), do not specifically mention their role in supporting an AETF, making them less likely to be the correct answer.

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138. (020) AFPD 10-4, Operations Planning: Air and Space Expeditionary Force (AEF) aligns what requirements with a matching force generation model?

Explanation

The correct answer is Tempo bands. AFPD 10-4, Operations Planning: Air and Space Expeditionary Force (AEF) aligns requirements with a matching force generation model through the use of tempo bands. Tempo bands are used to determine the frequency and duration of deployments for units within the AEF. By aligning requirements with tempo bands, the Air Force can effectively manage and deploy forces to meet operational needs.

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139. (201) The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers divide the Open System Interconnect Data Link Layers into what two sublayers?

Explanation

The correct answer is Logical Link Control and Media Access Control. The Open System Interconnect (OSI) Data Link Layer is divided into two sublayers: Logical Link Control (LLC) and Media Access Control (MAC). The LLC sublayer is responsible for error control, flow control, and framing of data packets. It also provides a reliable link between the network layer and the MAC sublayer. The MAC sublayer is responsible for controlling access to the physical transmission medium and handling issues such as collision detection and resolution. Together, these two sublayers ensure reliable and efficient data transmission within a network.

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140. (206) What Unicast address scope is designed to be private, internally routable addresses that do not route outside the site?

Explanation

Site-local addresses are designed to be private, internally routable addresses that do not route outside the site. These addresses are used within a specific site or organization and are not meant to be globally unique. They are typically used for communication within a local network or site, allowing devices to communicate with each other without the need for external routing. Site-local addresses were deprecated in 2004 and replaced by Unique Local Addresses (ULA) in IPv6.

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141. (207) What two main components make up the central processing unit?

Explanation

The central processing unit (CPU) is made up of two main components: the control unit and the arithmetic logic unit (ALU). The control unit is responsible for managing and coordinating the operations of the CPU, including fetching instructions from memory, decoding them, and executing them. The ALU performs arithmetic and logical operations, such as addition, subtraction, and comparison, on the data stored in the CPU's registers. Together, the control unit and ALU work together to carry out the instructions of a computer program.

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142. (208) How many peripherals can a Universal Serial Bus handle at once?

Explanation

A Universal Serial Bus (USB) can handle a maximum of 127 peripherals at once. This is because USB devices are assigned unique addresses ranging from 0 to 127. Each device connected to the USB is assigned a specific address, and the USB controller can communicate with each device individually using these addresses. Therefore, the correct answer is 127.

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143. (216) Which system provides support for features such as Windows System Resource Manager and Metadirectory Services?

Explanation

Enterprise Edition is the correct answer because it provides support for features such as Windows System Resource Manager and Metadirectory Services. These features are typically required in large organizations that need to manage system resources efficiently and maintain a centralized directory service. AERO, Standard Edition, and Datacenter Edition do not specifically mention support for these features, making Enterprise Edition the most appropriate choice.

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144. (001) Which enlisted training element is assigned by the supervisor IAW AFI 36-2201,Classifying Military Personnel (Officer and Enlisted)?

Explanation

This question is asking about the enlisted training element that is assigned by the supervisor according to AFI 36-2201. The correct answer is "Duty position task." This means that the supervisor assigns specific tasks or responsibilities to the enlisted personnel based on their duty position. This could include tasks such as operating specific equipment, performing specific job functions, or carrying out specific duties within their assigned role.

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145. (008) Which function or organization has the goal to manage AF core services, within the AFNetOps community to; reduce training, maintenance costs; increase operational flexibility and capacity to the warfighter?

Explanation

The Enterprise Service Unit (ESU) is the correct answer because it is responsible for managing AF core services within the AFNetOps community. The ESU's goal is to reduce training and maintenance costs, increase operational flexibility, and enhance capacity for the warfighter. This means that the ESU focuses on optimizing and streamlining essential services to support military operations effectively and efficiently.

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146. (203) What Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol network layer protocol provides the service of matching a known IP address for a destination device to a Media Access Control address?

Explanation

The Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is the correct answer because it is the network layer protocol that matches a known IP address for a destination device to a Media Access Control (MAC) address. ARP is responsible for resolving IP addresses to MAC addresses, allowing devices to communicate on a local network. When a device wants to send a packet to a specific IP address, it uses ARP to find the MAC address associated with that IP address. This information is then used to properly deliver the packet to the intended destination.

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147. (207) The computing part of the computer is the central processing unit, also called the 

Explanation

The computing part of a computer refers to the component that performs all the processing tasks. The central processing unit (CPU) is responsible for executing instructions and managing data flow within the computer. Among the options provided, the microprocessor is the correct answer as it is a small integrated circuit that contains the CPU, control unit, and arithmetic logic unit (ALU). The microprocessor is the heart of the computer, responsible for executing instructions and performing calculations.

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148. (210) What is a Data Link layer network device that logically separates a single network into two segments or collision domains in Ethernet networks?

Explanation

A bridge is a Data Link layer network device that logically separates a single network into two segments or collision domains in Ethernet networks. It operates by examining the destination MAC address of each incoming data packet and forwarding it to the appropriate segment. This helps to reduce network congestion and improve overall network performance by preventing unnecessary collisions between devices.

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149. (229) Guidance for posting information on Air Force web sites is outlined in

Explanation

not-available-via-ai

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150. (010) Which publication type are directive policy statements of Office of the Secretary of the Air Force and HQ USAF to initiate, govern, or regulate actions of conduct, within their specified areas of responsibility?

Explanation

Air Force Policy Directives are directive policy statements issued by the Office of the Secretary of the Air Force and HQ USAF. These directives are used to initiate, govern, or regulate actions of conduct within their specified areas of responsibility. They provide clear guidance and instructions for Air Force personnel on how to carry out their duties and responsibilities. Air Force Policy Directives are a formal and authoritative source of policy within the Air Force and are essential for maintaining consistency and standardization across the organization.

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151. (035) Which system is a radar tracker and correlator software program that is hosted on a powerful server based computer system, which takes inputs from long and short range radars and displays it all on a scope (computer monitor)?

Explanation

The correct answer is Base Control System-Fixed (BCS-F). BCS-F is a radar tracker and correlator software program that runs on a powerful server-based computer system. It takes inputs from both long and short-range radars and displays the information on a computer monitor. This system is used for tracking and monitoring radar data in real-time.

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152. (201) What Open System Interconnect layer is closest to the end user?

Explanation

The Open System Interconnect (OSI) model consists of seven layers, with the Application layer being the topmost layer. This layer is responsible for providing services to the end user, such as displaying web pages or sending emails. Therefore, the Application layer is closest to the end user in the OSI model.

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153. (208) How many devices can connect to a FireWire bus?

Explanation

A FireWire bus can support up to 63 devices. This is because the FireWire specification allows for a maximum of 63 devices to be connected to a single bus. Each device connected to the bus is assigned a unique identifier, and the bus is capable of managing communication between all the connected devices effectively. Therefore, the correct answer is 63.

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154. (213) What encryption device is capable of loading up to 500 keys?

Explanation

The AN/CYZ-10 /DTD encryption device is capable of loading up to 500 keys.

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155. (217) Which pathnames begin at the current working directory?

Explanation

Relative pathnames begin at the current working directory. Unlike absolute pathnames, which start from the root directory, relative pathnames are specified relative to the current working directory. This means that they only provide the path from the current directory to the desired file or directory, making them shorter and easier to work with in certain situations.

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156. (219) Who bears the responsibility for maintenance of the sustaining base portion of the Defense Information System Network?

Explanation

The responsibility for maintenance of the sustaining base portion of the Defense Information System Network lies with the service that owns the installation. This means that the specific military branch or service that operates and maintains the installation is responsible for the upkeep and maintenance of the network. They are accountable for ensuring that the network is functioning properly and meeting the needs of the defense information system.

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157. (233) An unclassified term referring to technical investigations for compromising emanations from electrically operated data processing equipment is known as

Explanation

not-available-via-ai

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158. (016) A logical group of record is called a/an

Explanation

A logical group of records is referred to as a file. A file is a collection of related data that is stored together and can be accessed and manipulated as a single unit. It is commonly used to organize and manage data in computer systems. A file can contain multiple records, each containing different fields of information. Therefore, the correct answer is file.

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159. (020) Which organization is responsible for air and space expeditionary force (AEF) sourcing of individual augmentees, Joint Manning Document authorizations, and managing replacements for 365-day or greater requirements?

Explanation

The Air Force Personnel Center (AFPC) is responsible for air and space expeditionary force (AEF) sourcing of individual augmentees, Joint Manning Document authorizations, and managing replacements for 365-day or greater requirements. This means that AFPC is in charge of identifying and selecting individuals to be deployed as part of the AEF, ensuring that the necessary personnel are available to meet mission requirements, and managing the rotation and replacement of personnel in long-term deployments.

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160. (205) What iPv4 class address is used for multicast addressing?

Explanation

Class D is the correct answer because it is the class of IPv4 addresses specifically designated for multicast addressing. Multicast addresses are used to send data to a group of devices instead of a single device, allowing for efficient distribution of information. Class D addresses range from 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255, and are reserved for multicast communication purposes.

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161. (207) An optical communications system is comprised of a 

Explanation

This question is asking about the components of an optical communications system. The correct answer is "transmitter, cable, and receiver." In an optical communications system, the transmitter is responsible for converting electrical signals into optical signals, the cable is used to transmit the optical signals, and the receiver is responsible for converting the optical signals back into electrical signals. The other options mentioned in the question, such as logic analyzer and protocol analyzer, are not typically part of an optical communications system.

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162. (212) Dynamic routing automatically calculates the best path between how many nodes?

Explanation

Dynamic routing automatically calculates the best path between two nodes. It analyzes the network conditions and updates the routing tables accordingly to determine the most efficient route for data transmission between two specific nodes. Therefore, the correct answer is 2.

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163. (232) The Air Force Information Assurance Program is detailed in

Explanation

not-available-via-ai

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164. (230) Which form is used with a transfer report to accompany a COMSEC package?

Explanation

The correct answer is SF 153. The SF 153 form is used with a transfer report to accompany a COMSEC package. This form is specifically designed for the purpose of documenting the transfer of classified material, including COMSEC (Communications Security) packages. It includes information such as the sender and recipient's details, the contents of the package, and any necessary security clearances. By using the SF 153 form, the transfer of the COMSEC package can be properly documented and tracked, ensuring the security and accountability of the classified material.

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165. (224) What type of Defense Switched Network precedence call cannot be preempted?

Explanation

Flash Override calls in the Defense Switched Network cannot be preempted. These calls have the highest priority and are used for critical and emergency situations that require immediate attention. Preemption refers to the ability to interrupt or override an ongoing call with a higher priority call. Since Flash Override calls already have the highest priority, they cannot be preempted by any other type of call in the network.

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166. (010) Which publication type are informational publications which are "how to" documents?

Explanation

Air Force Pamphlets are informational publications that provide "how to" documents. These pamphlets contain detailed instructions and guidelines on various topics, procedures, and processes within the Air Force. They are designed to provide step-by-step guidance and practical information on specific subjects, making them ideal for individuals seeking information on how to perform certain tasks or accomplish specific objectives. Air Force Instructions, Air Force Publications, and Air Force Policy Directives may contain other types of information but do not specifically focus on providing "how to" documents.

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167. (021) Which document is the basic building block used in joint force planning and deployments of air and space expeditionary forces (AEF)?

Explanation

Unit type codes are the basic building blocks used in joint force planning and deployments of air and space expeditionary forces (AEF). These codes provide a standardized way to identify and categorize different types of units within the military. They help in determining the capabilities and resources of each unit, which is crucial in planning and coordinating deployments. By using unit type codes, military planners can ensure that the right units with the appropriate skills and equipment are assigned to specific missions or tasks.

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168. (211) What forwarding method is also known as runtless switching?

Explanation

Fragment-free forwarding method, also known as runtless switching, is a type of forwarding method used in network switches. In this method, the switch checks the first 64 bytes of a frame to ensure that it is not a runt (a frame that is too small to be valid). By doing this, the switch avoids forwarding corrupt or incomplete frames, reducing the likelihood of collisions and improving network performance. Therefore, fragment-free forwarding is a reliable method that helps prevent network congestion and ensures the delivery of error-free frames.

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169. (220) What is the difference between a hub router and a premise router?

Explanation

not-available-via-ai

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170. (022) Which function has the primary purpose of providing standard force package descriptions of the force packages to be used to support contingency planning at all levels of command?

Explanation

Manpower and equipment force packaging (MEFPAK) is the correct answer because its primary purpose is to provide standard force package descriptions of the force packages to be used for contingency planning at all levels of command. MEFPAK ensures that the necessary manpower and equipment are properly organized and packaged to support military operations in various scenarios. This helps in efficient planning, deployment, and utilization of resources during contingency situations.

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171. (032) Which command and control structure has network node whose survivability is achieved using nuclear hardened equipment, redundant circuits, and alternate communications paths?

Explanation

The Strategic Automated Command and Control System (SACCS) is the correct answer because it is a command and control structure that has network nodes with survivability achieved through the use of nuclear hardened equipment, redundant circuits, and alternate communications paths. This means that even in the event of a nuclear attack or other catastrophic event, the SACCS network nodes would still be able to function and communicate effectively. The other options, Global Command and Control System (GCCS), National Military Command Center (NMCC), and National Military Command System (NMCS), do not specifically mention the use of nuclear hardened equipment or redundant circuits and alternate communications paths for survivability.

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172. (212) Which of these is an example of an Exterior Gateway Protocol?

Explanation

Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is an example of an Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP). It is used to exchange routing information between different autonomous systems (AS) on the internet. BGP is responsible for making routing decisions based on network policies, path attributes, and other factors. It helps in determining the best path for data packets to travel across different networks and ensures efficient and reliable communication between autonomous systems. Open Shortest Path First (OSPF), Routing Information Protocol (RIP), and Enhanced Gateway Routing Protocol (EGRP) are examples of Interior Gateway Protocols (IGP) used within a single autonomous system.

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173. (229) Official guidance on individual security clearances and permitting access to classified information can be found in

Explanation

not-available-via-ai

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174. (221) Which is an internet protocol encryption device that can be directly connected to Red local area networks?

Explanation

The KG-84 is an internet protocol encryption device that can be directly connected to Red local area networks. It is designed to provide secure communication by encrypting and decrypting data transmitted over the network. The device ensures that sensitive information remains protected from unauthorized access or interception.

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175. (015) Who is appointed at each base-level unit, principal staff office within an Air Force organization or contractor to perform records management?

Explanation

A functional area records manager is appointed at each base-level unit, principal staff office within an Air Force organization or contractor to perform records management. This individual is responsible for managing and maintaining records within their specific functional area, ensuring compliance with record-keeping policies and procedures. They play a crucial role in organizing and preserving important documents, facilitating efficient retrieval of information, and ensuring the security and confidentiality of records.

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176. (022) Defense Support of Civil Authorities (DSCA), Humanitarian Relief Operations (HUMRO), Non-Combatant Evacuation Operations (NEO) and support to International Law Enforcement are all examples of

Explanation

Operational capabilities packages refer to a set of capabilities and resources that are organized and packaged together to support specific mission requirements. The examples mentioned in the question, such as Defense Support of Civil Authorities (DSCA), Humanitarian Relief Operations (HUMRO), Non-Combatant Evacuation Operations (NEO), and support to International Law Enforcement, all fall under the category of operational capabilities packages. These packages are designed to provide the necessary tools, equipment, and manpower to effectively carry out these types of missions.

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177. (206) Instead of using binary, how are IPv6 addresses expressed to be more user-friendly?

Explanation

IPv6 addresses are expressed in a colon hexadecimal format to make them more user-friendly. This format replaces the long string of binary digits used in binary representation with a shorter and more easily readable representation. The address is divided into eight groups of four hexadecimal digits each, separated by colons. This format allows for a larger address space and simplifies the process of memorizing and identifying IPv6 addresses.

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178. (236) Which form would you use to properly label removable storage media containing "confidential" information?

Explanation

The correct form to use for labeling removable storage media containing "confidential" information is SF 708.

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179. (016) A logical group of organized data fields containing some type of useful information is know as a/an

Explanation

A logical group of organized data fields containing some type of useful information is known as a record. A record is a collection of related data elements that are treated as a unit and can be accessed and manipulated together. It represents a single entity or object in a database and typically contains information about attributes or characteristics of that entity. Records are used to store and retrieve specific information within a database system.

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180. (213) What encryption device is certified to secure all classification levels and categories and is able to encrypt trunk-level high-speed circuits?

Explanation

The TSEC/KIV-19 encryption device is certified to secure all classification levels and categories and is capable of encrypting trunk-level high-speed circuits.

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181. (214) The main function of the Data Service Unit is to

Explanation

The Data Service Unit (DSU) is responsible for adapting the digital data stream produced by the customer equipment to the signaling standards of the telephone carrier equipment. This means that the DSU converts the data stream from the customer's equipment into a format that can be understood and transmitted by the telephone carrier's equipment. The DSU ensures compatibility between the customer's equipment and the carrier's equipment, allowing for seamless communication between the two systems.

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182. (218) This characteristic of the Global Information Grid ensures seamless transmission of information between different service branches.

Explanation

Common policy and standards refer to a set of rules and guidelines that are followed by all service branches in the Global Information Grid. These policies and standards ensure that information is transmitted seamlessly between different branches, allowing for effective communication and collaboration. By having a common set of policies and standards, the different branches can work together efficiently and share information without any compatibility issues or barriers. This characteristic helps to create a unified and integrated network that supports the smooth transmission of information across the Global Information Grid.

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183. (002) Who is the final authority to waive career field education training plan (CFETP) requirements to include completion of the Air Force Speciality (AFS) career development course (CDC)?

Explanation

The Air Force career field manager (AFCFM) is the final authority to waive career field education training plan (CFETP) requirements, including the completion of the Air Force Specialty (AFS) career development course (CDC). This individual has the ultimate decision-making power and authority within the career field to grant exceptions or waivers to training requirements. The unit training manager (UTM), base functional manager (BFM), and major command functional manager (MFM) may have some level of input or influence, but the AFCFM has the final say.

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184. (015) Whose duties include providing assistance, managing staging areas, and records training?

Explanation

The duties of a base records manager include providing assistance, managing staging areas, and records training. This role is responsible for overseeing the organization and maintenance of records within a military base or establishment. They ensure that records are properly stored, easily accessible, and comply with relevant regulations and policies. The base records manager plays a crucial role in maintaining the integrity and security of important documents and information within the organization.

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185. (229) Providing a list of where and why the information will be disclosed outside the DOD best describes which mandatory item of a Privacy Act Statement?

Explanation

The correct answer is "Routine use". A Privacy Act Statement is a document that informs individuals how their personal information will be collected, used, and disclosed. One mandatory item of a Privacy Act Statement is the disclosure of information outside the Department of Defense (DOD). This is best described as the routine use of information, as it outlines the specific circumstances and reasons for which the information may be shared with external entities.

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186. (003) Which Air Force Occupational Safety and Health (AFOSH) standard document would you reference safety information on "Communications Cable, Antenna and Communications-Electronics Systems"?

Explanation

AFOSH standard document 91-50 would be the correct reference for safety information on "Communications Cable, Antenna and Communications-Electronics Systems".

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187. (023) Which system focuses on providing exploitable digital imagery to the warfighter in near real-time?

Explanation

The correct answer is High altitude endurance (HAE). HAE systems are designed to provide exploitable digital imagery to the warfighter in near real-time. These systems typically operate at high altitudes and have long endurance capabilities, allowing them to capture and transmit imagery over extended periods of time. This imagery can then be used by the warfighter for various purposes, such as surveillance, reconnaissance, and target acquisition.

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188. (236) Which resources designated priority is provided when the level of security requires a significant degree of deterrence against hostile acts?

Explanation

Answer "B" is the correct choice because resources designated as priority are provided when the level of security requires a significant degree of deterrence against hostile acts. This means that these resources are given higher importance and are allocated more resources and attention to ensure their protection and prevent any potential hostile acts.

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189. (029) Which system of interconnected computer networks is used by the United States Department of Defense and the United States Department of State?

Explanation

The correct answer is Joint Worldwide Intelligence Communications System (JWICS). JWICS is a system of interconnected computer networks that is used by the United States Department of Defense and the United States Department of State. It is specifically designed for the transmission of classified information and is used for intelligence and military purposes. It provides a secure and reliable network for the exchange of sensitive information between different government agencies and military branches.

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190. (205) What method borrows bits from the host field of an IP address to create a subnet?

Explanation

Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) is a method that borrows bits from the host field of an IP address to create a subnet. CIDR allows for more efficient allocation of IP addresses by allowing variable-length subnet masks, which means that the size of the subnet can be adjusted as needed. This allows for better utilization of IP address space and more flexible network design.

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191. (206) What notation is expressed in zero compression for IPv6?

Explanation

The correct answer is the notation for zero compression in IPv6. In IPv6, consecutive blocks of zeros can be compressed by using double colons (::). This allows for a shorter representation of the address. In the given answer, "10AB::3:0:1234:5678" demonstrates zero compression by replacing consecutive blocks of zeros with double colons.

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192. (003) The Air Force Occupational Safety and Health (AFOSH) standard that you would reference safety information on data processing facilities is called AFOSH standard

Explanation

The correct answer is 91-64. The Air Force Occupational Safety and Health (AFOSH) standard that provides safety information for data processing facilities is AFOSH standard 91-64.

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193. (203) What Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol network layer protocol provides the IP address for a device that knows its own MAC address?

Explanation

The Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP) is the correct answer because it is a network layer protocol that provides the IP address for a device that knows its own MAC address. RARP allows a device to send its MAC address to a RARP server, which then responds with the corresponding IP address. This is useful in situations where a device does not have its IP address configured and needs to obtain it dynamically based on its MAC address.

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194. (231) Which organization assigns communication security incident report case numbers?

Explanation

The Air Force Communications Agency is responsible for assigning communication security incident report case numbers. This agency is specifically tasked with managing and ensuring the security of communication systems within the Air Force. As part of their role, they assign case numbers to track and document security incidents, allowing for effective management and resolution of these incidents.

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195. (004) Which occupational risk management (ORM) principle states that most logical choices for accomplishing a mission are those that meet all mission requirements while exposing personnel and resources to the lowest acceptable risk?

Explanation

The correct answer is "Accept no unnecessary risk." This principle emphasizes the importance of minimizing risk to personnel and resources while still accomplishing the mission. It suggests that risks should only be accepted if they are necessary for the success of the mission and if there are no alternative options that pose a lower risk. By adhering to this principle, organizations can ensure that they prioritize the safety and well-being of their personnel while still achieving their objectives.

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196. (206) What notation is expressed in leading zero compression for IPv6?

Explanation

The correct answer is an example of leading zero compression in IPv6 notation. In IPv6, leading zeros within each 16-bit section can be compressed by using double colons (::). This allows for a more concise representation of the address. In the given answer, the double colons are used to compress the consecutive zeros in the address, resulting in the notation 1234:1234:0:0:1234:0:0:1234.

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197. (229) What form is used as a cover sheet ​to protect Privacy Act material?

Explanation

AF Form 3227 is used as a cover sheet to protect Privacy Act material.

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198. (002) Who assists with the identification of qualified subject matter experts (SME) to help with the development of your specialty knowledge test (SKT) and your career development course (CDC)?

Explanation

The Major command functional manager (MFM) assists with the identification of qualified subject matter experts (SME) to help with the development of the specialty knowledge test (SKT) and the career development course (CDC). The MFM is responsible for overseeing and coordinating the training and career development within their specific major command. They have the knowledge and expertise to identify individuals who have the necessary qualifications and experience to contribute to the development of these tests and courses.

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199. (003) Which Air Force Occupational Safety and Health (AFOSH) standard would you reference safety information on "Material Handling and Storage Equipment"?

Explanation

The correct answer is 91-46. This Air Force Occupational Safety and Health (AFOSH) standard specifically addresses safety information related to "Material Handling and Storage Equipment." It is the most relevant standard for finding guidelines and regulations regarding the safe use and handling of such equipment in the Air Force.

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200. (016) Who is responsible for creating unique password for the office of primary responsibility (OPR) records custodian?

Explanation

The functional area records manager is responsible for creating unique passwords for the office of primary responsibility (OPR) records custodian. This individual is in charge of managing records within a specific functional area and ensuring that proper security measures are in place, including creating and maintaining passwords for authorized personnel. The base records manager, chief of Office of Records, and command records manager may have other responsibilities related to records management, but creating unique passwords for the OPR records custodian is not specifically mentioned as their responsibility.

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(201) What is a formal set of rules and conventions that govern how...
(203) Which network protocol has the Department of Defense chosen as...
(207) The ability to move about without being tethered by wires...
(212) What do routing algorithms initialize and maintain to aid the...
(215) The path between the operating system and virtually all hardware...
(215) What are two anti-virus programs that the Air Force uses?
(217) What was the first disk operating system developed to operate on...
(217) What directory is always identified by the slash symbol (/) and...
(223) What concerns slowed the military's adoption of wireless...
(225) While you are using the Red Switch, what feature lets you know...
(228) Which of the following security programs is defined as a process...
(001) Which 3D Air Force Speciality (AFS) responsibility includes...
(002) What is the main goal of the utilization and training...
(012) Which Air Force Portal feature enables authorized users to enter...
(012) Which Air Force Portal feature provides...
(013) When corresponding to an e-mail, which would...
(014) Records that are considered to be in draft format
(018) A comprehensive term that specifies the destruction, salvage,...
(019) The proper way we destroy records to prevent compromise is...
(023) A remotely piloted or self-piloted aircraft that can carry...
(039) What function provides the Department of Defense (DOD) with the...
(202) What topology defines the layout of a network's devices and...
(202) What topology consists of cable segments from each computer...
(202) What topology combines two or more different physical topologies...
(207) Which of the following is not one of the three...
(212) What layer of the open system interconnection model do routers...
(230) Which form is used as a visitor register log to record visitors...
(005) Offensive operations support United States cyberspace objectives...
(007) Which center is typically aligned under the base...
(010) In what year did the Air Force finalized and published its...
(011) What provides us with the transmission of analog or digital bits...
(014) Which document is not considered an official...
(018) What authorization generates a file disposition control label...
(025) Which system asset can be tasked to provide liaison, control...
(036) Which system capitalizes on the popular commercial direct...
(213) The classification of a fill device is
(019) For which exception will federal records centers...
(025) Which system provides the capability to identify, sequence, and...
(037) Which system is a USAF program supporting Global, Defense...
(207) Which of the following is not one of the four security threats...
(210) This type of bridge is used to convert one Data Link layer...
(024) Which component of theater deployable communications (TDC) is a...
(202) What topology consists of devices connected to a common, shared...
(205) Instead of using binary, how are IPv4 addresses expressed to be...
(205) Using a range of 1-136 in the first octet of an IPv4 address,...
(204) What type of network makes use of tunneling and security...
(207) Which landline transmission medium is the primary carrier of...
(210) What rule establishes the percent of data that should be local...
(211) What is the method called when the entire frame is received and...
(215) Which one is not a category of the operating...
(231) Final reports of a communication security incident are due
(232) Which applied discipline applies measures and controls to...
(001) Which 3D Air Force Speciality (AFS) responsibilities include the...
(009) Which document is used as the basis for drafting and enforcing...
(009) Which document serves as the basis for holding military members...
(011) What tool provides essential online resources for the Air...
(011) What tool is considered a​ key enabler for the...
(017) Marking the records for filing is considered which step of file...
(024) Which theater deployable communications (TDC) equipment...
(203) What Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol transport...
(205) What is the default classful subnet mask on class B networks?
(207) Who is an authorized client that may unknowingly or maliciously...
(217) What is the name of the standard all-purpose shell most commonly...
(227) The Global Positioning System program is responsible for...
(233) What best describes an unintended signals or noise...
(001) Which 3D Air Force Specialty (AFS) focuses its attention on the...
(003) From which of the following can a person absorb selectively...
(004) Which occupational risk management (ORM) principle requests you...
(014) Records that are considered to be in final format have...
(017) The primary purpose for maintaining records is to ensure
(033) Which system was originally designed as...
(007) Which center has the overall authoritative source for...
(021) Which function is a state-of-the-art ground-to-ground...
(024) Which theater deployable communications (TDC) equipment...
(038) Which system provides the ability to rapidly detect and identify...
(201) At what Open System Interconnect layer do routers operate?
(202) What topology defines the way in which devices communicate, and...
(205) What IPv4 reserved address is used for loop back?
(234) Which condition exists when there is no apparent terrorist...
(216) One of the Windows Server Editions operating systems provides...
(235) At which NETOPS level is responsibility for the worldwide...
(004) Which occupational risk management (ORM) principle has risk...
(009) Which document authorizes the creation of the Department of...
(020) What places air and space expeditionary force (AEF) forces in a...
(023) As of September 2004, how many total flight hours have coalition...
(207) What is the type of memory that retains data after power is...
(209) What do you apply across Liquid Crystal Display material to...
(215) The core operating-system function is the management of the...
(001) Which 3D Air Force Speciality (AFS) responsibilities include the...
(013) Which document would you reference for guidance on "Web...
(027) Under what program does the Department of Defense (DOD)...
(204) Which is a common port that contains Hyper Text Transfer...
(206) What Unicast address scope is publicly accessible with the...
(215) Applications are software programs designed to perform what type...
(222) What provides conduit for Joint Worldwide Intelligence...
(223) What is the first step in merging voice, data and video networks...
(225) What is the maximum asynchronous data rate for the...
(231) An uninvestigated or unevaluated occurrence that potentially...
(235) An accreditation decision which allows a system to operate in an...
(001) Which enlisted training element is defined as integrated bundle...
(016) An organized collection of data or data structures is know as...
(019) Which document is used for accountability purposes when...
(021) Who has the primary mission of providing the joint...
(029) Which system primarily deals with logistics planning...
(036) Which system is a service that broadcasts via communication...
(203) What Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol network...
(205) How many bits are in an IPv4 address?
(207) What organization developed several wireless standards to meet...
(216) Windows operating systems traditionally function in one of two...
(221) How are non-internet protocols sent across the Secret Internet...
(224) Which organization is responsible for the design, acquisition,...
(226) What is the purpose of the standardized tactical entry point...
(001) Which 3D Air Force Specialty (AFS) responsibilities include the...
(002) Who is the advisor for all matters affecting the career...
(015) Who has the authority to appoint record custodians within an...
(201) What layer of the Open System Interconnect model defines the...
(201) At what Open System Interconnect layer do network switches and...
(203) What application within Transmission Control Protocol/Internet...
(204) What type of network connects networks that are typically...
(205) What is a mechanism that allows a network device to divide an IP...
(230) What is the COMSEC program designed to do?
(018) What determines the cutoff for active records?
(037) Which system provides high-quality voice/data HF and ultra-high...
(214) Analog modems are used over the voice band range of
(215) Software is generally divided into
(229) Disclosure of information that would result in the loss, misuse,...
(218) This component of the Global Information Grid consists of those...
(010) In what year did the Joint Staff and Armed Services consolidated...
(012) Which Air Force Portal feature is considered a major...
(026) The 85th Engineering and Installation Squadron is assigned to...
(205) What IPv4 class address is used for networks with about 250...
(213) What encryption device may you rarely see due to its lower...
(223) Besides limiting connections to the Global Information Grid,...
(228) Which security program is covered under AFI 10-701?
(235) At what level do regional operation centers perform Network...
(006) Which option refers to centralized systems which monitor and...
(008) Which function or organization was established to operate with...
(020) AFPD 10-4, Operations Planning: Air and Space Expeditionary...
(201) The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers divide the...
(206) What Unicast address scope is designed to be private, internally...
(207) What two main components make up the central processing unit?
(208) How many peripherals can a Universal Serial Bus handle at once?
(216) Which system provides support for features such as Windows...
(001) Which enlisted training element is assigned by the supervisor...
(008) Which function or organization has the goal to manage AF core...
(203) What Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol network...
(207) The computing part of the computer is the central processing...
(210) What is a Data Link layer network device that logically...
(229) Guidance for posting information on Air Force web sites is...
(010) Which publication type are directive policy statements of Office...
(035) Which system is a radar tracker and correlator software program...
(201) What Open System Interconnect layer is closest to the end user?
(208) How many devices can connect to a FireWire bus?
(213) What encryption device is capable of loading up to 500 keys?
(217) Which pathnames begin at the current working directory?
(219) Who bears the responsibility for maintenance of the sustaining...
(233) An unclassified term referring to technical investigations for...
(016) A logical group of record is called a/an
(020) Which organization is responsible for air and space...
(205) What iPv4 class address is used for multicast addressing?
(207) An optical communications system is comprised of a 
(212) Dynamic routing automatically calculates the best path between...
(232) The Air Force Information Assurance Program is detailed in
(230) Which form is used with a transfer report to accompany a COMSEC...
(224) What type of Defense Switched Network precedence...
(010) Which publication type are informational publications which are...
(021) Which document is the basic building block used in...
(211) What forwarding method is also known as runtless switching?
(220) What is the difference between a hub router and a premise...
(022) Which function has the primary purpose of providing...
(032) Which command and control structure has network node whose...
(212) Which of these is an example of an Exterior Gateway Protocol?
(229) Official guidance on individual security clearances and...
(221) Which is an internet protocol encryption device that can be...
(015) Who is appointed at each base-level unit, principal staff office...
(022) Defense Support of Civil Authorities (DSCA), Humanitarian Relief...
(206) Instead of using binary, how are IPv6 addresses expressed to be...
(236) Which form would you use to properly label removable storage...
(016) A logical group of organized data fields containing some type of...
(213) What encryption device is certified to secure all classification...
(214) The main function of the Data Service Unit is to
(218) This characteristic of the Global Information Grid ensures...
(002) Who is the final authority to waive career field...
(015) Whose duties include providing assistance, managing staging...
(229) Providing a list of where and why the information will be...
(003) Which Air Force Occupational Safety and Health (AFOSH) standard...
(023) Which system focuses on providing exploitable digital imagery to...
(236) Which resources designated priority is provided when the level...
(029) Which system of interconnected computer networks is used by the...
(205) What method borrows bits from the host field of an IP address to...
(206) What notation is expressed in zero compression for IPv6?
(003) The Air Force Occupational Safety and Health (AFOSH) standard...
(203) What Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol network...
(231) Which organization assigns communication security incident...
(004) Which occupational risk management (ORM) principle states...
(206) What notation is expressed in leading zero compression for IPv6?
(229) What form is used as a cover sheet ​to protect Privacy...
(002) Who assists with the identification of qualified subject matter...
(003) Which Air Force Occupational Safety and Health (AFOSH) standard...
(016) Who is responsible for creating unique password for...
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