How Much Do You Know About The Central Dogma Of Molecular Biology?

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Questions: 10 | Attempts: 982 | Updated: Mar 21, 2023

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How Much Do You Know About The Central Dogma Of Molecular Biology? - Quiz

The central dogma of molecular biology can be defined as an explanation of the flow of genetic information within a biological system, which was introduced in 1958 by Francis Crick. The main argument behind Crick's statement is that "once information has passed into protein it cannot get out again." If you think you know everything about Biology, step up to the challenge and take our quiz now!

Questions and Answers

1.

Complete the following famous quote: DNA makes RNA and RNA makes......
- A.
  
  H2o
- B.
  
  Vitamin
- C.
  
  Protein.
- D.
  
  Water
Correct Answer
C. Protein.

Explanation
The correct answer is "Protein." DNA is responsible for carrying genetic information, and it is used as a template to produce RNA molecules through a process called transcription. RNA, in turn, serves as a template for protein synthesis during a process called translation. Proteins are essential molecules that perform a wide range of functions in cells and organisms, making them a crucial component in the central dogma of molecular biology.

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2.

How many classes of biopolymers are there?
- A.
  
  Two
- B.
  
  Three
- C.
  
  Four
- D.
  
  Five
Correct Answer
B. Three

Explanation
There are three classes of biopolymers. This means that there are three distinct types of biopolymers that exist. The question does not provide any further details about what these classes are or what they consist of. However, based on the given options and the correct answer, we can conclude that there are three classes of biopolymers.

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3.

Which one is not a biopolymer?
- A.
  
  DNA
- B.
  
  RNA
- C.
  
  Protein
- D.
  
  Glucose
Correct Answer
D. Glucose

Explanation
Glucose is not a biopolymer because it is a monomer, not a polymer. Biopolymers are large molecules made up of repeating subunits called monomers, whereas glucose is a simple sugar and does not have a repeating structure. DNA, RNA, and proteins are all examples of biopolymers as they are composed of long chains of nucleotides or amino acids.

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4.

Which one is not a DNA replica?
- A.
  
  A helicase
- B.
  
  An SSB protein
- C.
  
  A DNA ligase
- D.
  
  A tolemere
Correct Answer
D. A tolemere

Explanation
A telomere is not a DNA replica. Telomeres are repetitive DNA sequences found at the ends of chromosomes that protect them from degradation and prevent the loss of genetic information during DNA replication. They do not participate in the replication process itself. Helicase, SSB protein, and DNA ligase are all enzymes involved in DNA replication and are responsible for unwinding the DNA strands, stabilizing the single-stranded DNA, and joining the Okazaki fragments respectively.

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5.

What is an RNA replica?
- A.
  
  It's the copying of one RNA to another.
- B.
  
  It's the copying of one RNA to several new ones.
- C.
  
  It's the copying of one RNA to DNA.
- D.
  
  It's the copying of one RNA to several DNA.
Correct Answer
A. It's the copying of one RNA to another.

Explanation
An RNA replica refers to the process of copying one RNA molecule to another. This means that the genetic information contained in the original RNA molecule is replicated and transferred to a new RNA molecule, resulting in two identical RNA molecules. This process does not involve the copying of RNA to DNA or the creation of multiple RNA or DNA molecules.

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6.

What is the definition of Prions?
- A.
  
  They are neutrons of particular amino acid sequences in particular conformations
- B.
  
  They are molecules of particular amino acid sequences in particular conformations
- C.
  
  They are vitamins of particular amino acid sequences in particular conformations
- D.
  
  They are proteins of particular amino acid sequences in particular conformations.
Correct Answer
D. They are proteins of particular amino acid sequences in particular conformations.

Explanation
Prions are proteins that have a specific amino acid sequence and conformation. Unlike other proteins, prions can adopt an abnormal shape that can induce other normal proteins to also adopt the abnormal shape. This abnormal shape can lead to the formation of aggregates in the brain, causing neurodegenerative diseases such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and mad cow disease. Therefore, the correct answer is that prions are proteins of particular amino acid sequences in particular conformations.

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7.

What's the definition of Inteins?
- A.
  
  They are "parasitic" segments of proteins that are able to excise themselves from the chain of amino acids
- B.
  
  They are "vitamin" segments of proteins that are able to excise themselves from the chain of amino acids
- C.
  
  They are "DNA" segments of proteins that are able to excise themselves from the chain of amino acids
- D.
  
  They are "RNA" segments of proteins that are able to excise themselves from the chain of amino acids
Correct Answer
A. They are "parasitic" segments of proteins that are able to excise themselves from the chain of amino acids

Explanation
Inteins are segments of proteins that have the ability to remove themselves from the chain of amino acids. They are often referred to as "parasitic" because they can disrupt the normal function of the protein they are a part of. Inteins are unique in that they are able to catalyze their own excision from the protein, leaving behind two separate protein fragments. This self-splicing ability makes inteins a fascinating area of study in protein research.

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8.

What does DNA polymerase I do?
- A.
  
  It reads the existing template chain from its 3' end to its 5' end .
- B.
  
  It removes the RNA primers and replaces them with DNA.
- C.
  
  It joins the two Okazaki fragments with phosphodiester bonds to produce a continuous chain.
- D.
  
  It unwinds the superhelix as well as the double-stranded DNA helix to create a replication fork.
Correct Answer
B. It removes the RNA primers and replaces them with DNA.

Explanation
DNA polymerase I is an enzyme involved in DNA replication. It is responsible for removing the RNA primers that are initially synthesized during DNA replication and replacing them with DNA nucleotides. This process is known as primer removal and synthesis. By removing the RNA primers and replacing them with DNA, DNA polymerase I ensures that the newly synthesized DNA strands are complete and ready for further replication and processing.

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9.

What is an example of a nucleic acid?
- A.
  
  DNA
- B.
  
  Amino acids
- C.
  
  Fatty acids
- D.
  
  Citric acid
Correct Answer
A. DNA

Explanation
DNA is an example of a nucleic acid because it is a complex molecule that contains genetic information. It is composed of nucleotides, which are made up of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. DNA is found in the nucleus of cells and is responsible for transmitting genetic instructions for the development and functioning of living organisms.

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10.

What does the dogma teach you?
- A.
  
  It describes Biology.
- B.
  
  It's a framework for understanding the transfer of sequence information between information-carrying bi is a framework for understanding the transfer of sequence information between information-carrying biopolymers, is a framework for understanding the transfer of sequence information between information-carrying biopolymers.
- C.
  
  It is the core of modern day Biology.
- D.
  
  It is Biology.
Correct Answer
B. It's a framework for understanding the transfer of sequence information between information-carrying bi is a framework for understanding the transfer of sequence information between information-carrying biopolymers, is a framework for understanding the transfer of sequence information between information-carrying biopolymers.

Explanation
The dogma teaches us about the framework for understanding the transfer of sequence information between information-carrying biopolymers. It explains how genetic information is transferred from DNA to RNA and then to proteins, which is essential for understanding the functioning of biological systems. This concept is considered the core of modern-day biology and provides a fundamental understanding of how genetic information is expressed and regulated.

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