1W0510 CDC Practice Test B Set Book 3

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  • 1/100 Questions

    What METSAT function allows systems to be put in motion?

    • Animated Looping
    • Circular Motion
    • Anthresis
    • Satellite Visibility Function
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About This Quiz

This CDC practice test focuses on key meteorological and astrophysical concepts, assessing knowledge in areas like Wien's Law, Planck's Law, and satellite operations. It is designed for Air Force personnel, enhancing understanding of environmental monitoring and space-based systems.

Meteorology Quizzes & Trivia

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  • 2. 

    A theoretically perfect absorber and emitter of radiation is

    • A gray body.

    • A black body.

    • A white body.

    • An electromagnetic body.

    Correct Answer
    A. A black body.
    Explanation
    A black body is a theoretical object that absorbs all incoming radiation and emits radiation at all wavelengths. It is considered a perfect absorber and emitter of radiation because it absorbs all radiation incident on it, regardless of the wavelength or angle of incidence. This property makes it an ideal reference for studying radiation and thermal equilibrium. A gray body, on the other hand, absorbs and emits radiation to some extent but not as perfectly as a black body. A white body reflects most of the incident radiation and does not absorb or emit it efficiently. An electromagnetic body is not a specific term used to describe an object's radiation properties.

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  • 3. 

    Name the conveyor belts associated with a comma cloud.

    • The windward conveyor belt (WCB), calm conveyor belt (CCB), and dry-air conveyor belt (DACB).

    • The warm conveyor belt (WCB), cold conveyor belt (CCB), and dry-air conveyor belt (DACB).

    • The west conveyor belt (WCB), cooler conveyor belt (CCB), and dry-air conveyor belt (DACB).

    • The wet conveyor belt (WCB), climate conveyor belt (CCB), and day conveyor belt (DACB).

    Correct Answer
    A. The warm conveyor belt (WCB), cold conveyor belt (CCB), and dry-air conveyor belt (DACB).
    Explanation
    The correct answer is the warm conveyor belt (WCB), cold conveyor belt (CCB), and dry-air conveyor belt (DACB). These are the conveyor belts associated with a comma cloud. The warm conveyor belt is responsible for transporting warm, moist air into the comma cloud, while the cold conveyor belt transports cold air into the cloud. The dry-air conveyor belt brings in dry air, which helps to stabilize the cloud system.

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  • 4. 

    Which is a factor that affects the amount of brightness measured by visible meteorological satellite (METSAT) imagery?

    • Types of radiative transfer taking place.

    • Type of passive remote sensing device on the satellite.

    • Angle of the sun.

    • Type of multispectral color-composite imagery involved.

    Correct Answer
    A. Angle of the sun.
    Explanation
    The angle of the sun affects the amount of brightness measured by visible meteorological satellite (METSAT) imagery. This is because the angle at which the sun's rays hit the Earth's atmosphere and surface can impact the amount of light that is reflected or absorbed. When the sun is directly overhead, the imagery will appear brighter as more sunlight is reflected back to the satellite. However, when the sun is at a lower angle, the imagery may appear darker as more sunlight is scattered or absorbed by the atmosphere.

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  • 5. 

    What phenomena are caused by the wind flow interacting with an ocean island?

    • Tsunamis, hurricanes, and tornadoes

    • Cu fields, open Cell Cu, and closed cell cu

    • Bow waves, plume clouds, and Karman vortices.

    • Waves, cirrus, and ship trails

    Correct Answer
    A. Bow waves, plume clouds, and Karman vortices.
    Explanation
    When wind flows interact with an ocean island, it can cause the formation of bow waves, plume clouds, and Karman vortices. Bow waves are formed when the wind encounters the island and creates a wave-like pattern in the water. Plume clouds are formed when the wind blows over the island and lifts moisture or particles into the air, creating a cloud-like formation. Karman vortices are swirling patterns of air that form behind the island due to the interaction between the wind and the island's shape. These phenomena are all caused by the wind flow interacting with the island's topography and can be observed in such conditions.

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  • 6. 

    During the initial stage of development of a frontal wave, the baroclinic zone cloud system (frontal cloud band) begins to

    • Widen.

    • Shrink.

    • Dissipate.

    • Flux.

    Correct Answer
    A. Widen.
    Explanation
    During the initial stage of development of a frontal wave, the baroclinic zone cloud system (frontal cloud band) begins to widen. This is because as the frontal wave develops, the temperature and moisture gradients along the front become more pronounced. This leads to an increase in the horizontal extent of the cloud band, causing it to widen.

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  • 7. 

    What effect do you consider when you interpret lower-level wind flow that you do not consider in upper-level wind flow analysis?

    • Temperatures effects on clouds

    • The terrain’s effects on clouds

    • Moistures effects on clouds

    • Pressures effects on clouds

    Correct Answer
    A. The terrain’s effects on clouds
    Explanation
    When interpreting lower-level wind flow, one must consider the effects of the terrain on clouds. The terrain, such as mountains or valleys, can disrupt the flow of air and cause changes in wind direction and speed. These changes can then impact the formation and movement of clouds in the lower atmosphere. In contrast, when analyzing upper-level wind flow, the terrain's effects on clouds are not as significant since the upper atmosphere is less influenced by the topography.

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  • 8. 

    What are the cloud features that make up a synoptic-scale comma cloud?

    • Anticyclonic zone clouds, vort clouds, and deformation zone clouds.

    • Baroclinic zone clouds, vorticity comma clouds, and deformation zone clouds.

    • Cyclonic zone clouds, vorticity comma clouds, and formation zone clouds.

    • Baroclinic zone clouds, vorticity comma clouds, and formation zone clouds.

    Correct Answer
    A. Baroclinic zone clouds, vorticity comma clouds, and deformation zone clouds.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is baroclinic zone clouds, vorticity comma clouds, and deformation zone clouds. These cloud features are characteristic of a synoptic-scale comma cloud. Baroclinic zone clouds form along the boundary between warm and cold air masses, while vorticity comma clouds have a comma-like shape due to the rotation of air around a low-pressure system. Deformation zone clouds occur in the area of strong wind shear and deformation along the frontal boundary. These three cloud features together contribute to the formation and structure of a synoptic-scale comma cloud.

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  • 9. 

    Sun glint typically occurs under

    • A stable condition with strong winds.

    • An unstable condition with strong winds.

    • A stable condition with light or calm winds.

    • An unstable condition with light or calm winds.

    Correct Answer
    A. A stable condition with light or calm winds.
    Explanation
    Sun glint refers to the reflection of sunlight off the surface of water, creating a bright and shimmering effect. In order for sun glint to occur, the water surface needs to be relatively calm or have light winds. This is because strong winds can cause turbulence on the water surface, disrupting the smoothness required for the reflection to be visible. Additionally, a stable atmospheric condition is necessary to minimize any atmospheric disturbances that could interfere with the reflection. Therefore, sun glint typically occurs under a stable condition with light or calm winds.

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  • 10. 

    Which far infrared (FIR) enhancement curve is a good all-purpose curve we most commonly use for identifying convective activity?

    • MB curve.

    • JG curve.

    • CC curve.

    • ZA curve.

    Correct Answer
    A. MB curve.
    Explanation
    The MB curve is a good all-purpose curve commonly used for identifying convective activity in far infrared (FIR) enhancement.

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  • 11. 

    The horizontal axis where air parcels are moving away from the col is called the axis of

    • Deformation.

    • Contraction.

    • Magnification.

    • Dilatation.

    Correct Answer
    A. Dilatation.
    Explanation
    The term "dilatation" refers to the expansion or widening of something. In the context of the given question, the axis where air parcels are moving away from the col (a region of low pressure) is referred to as the axis of dilatation. This suggests that the air parcels are spreading out or expanding in this direction. The other options (deformation, contraction, and magnification) do not accurately describe this phenomenon.

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  • 12. 

    Meteorological satellite (METSAT) imagery is more advantageous than synoptic reports because it

    • Is less contaminated by raw data.

    • Is a forecast that occurs more frequently.

    • Is an observation that occurs more frequently.

    • Shows areas of high temperature and moisture relationships.

    Correct Answer
    A. Is an observation that occurs more frequently.
    Explanation
    Meteorological satellite imagery provides continuous observations of the Earth's atmosphere, allowing for more frequent updates compared to synoptic reports which are typically released only a few times a day. This frequent observation is advantageous as it provides more up-to-date information about weather conditions, allowing for better monitoring and forecasting of weather patterns.

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  • 13. 

    What two fog types can we best discern on meteorological satellite (METSAT) imagery?

    • Ice and ground fog.

    • Sea and radiation fog.

    • Coastal and steam fog.

    • Advection and upwelling fog.

    Correct Answer
    A. Sea and radiation fog.
    Explanation
    Meteorological satellites are equipped with sensors that can detect various types of fog based on their physical properties. Ice and ground fog are not typically discernible on METSAT imagery because they are closer to the ground and may not be visible from space. Coastal and steam fog are also not easily distinguishable on satellite imagery. However, sea and radiation fog are more easily identifiable as they form over bodies of water and are characterized by their specific cloud patterns and temperature differences. Therefore, the correct answer is sea and radiation fog.

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  • 14. 

    The type of cloudiness with a stationary front depends on the

    • Height of the inversion.

    • Stability of the cold air.

    • Type of vertical motions.

    • Stability of the warm air.

    Correct Answer
    A. Stability of the warm air.
    Explanation
    The type of cloudiness with a stationary front depends on the stability of the warm air. When warm air is stable, it tends to rise slowly and form stratiform clouds along the front. On the other hand, if the warm air is unstable, it rises rapidly and forms cumuliform clouds with the potential for thunderstorms and heavy precipitation. Therefore, the stability of the warm air plays a crucial role in determining the type of cloudiness associated with a stationary front.

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  • 15. 

    Why is the exact location of the anticyclone’s circulation center difficult to place?

    • Because anticyclones are fast moving features

    • Because anticyclones are slow moving features

    • Because anticyclones are nearly invisible features

    • Because anticyclones are large, broad features

    Correct Answer
    A. Because anticyclones are large, broad features
  • 16. 

    What is the scan width of the special sensor microwave/imagery (SSM/I) at the earth’s surface?

    • 1,400 kilometers.

    • 1,000 kilometers.

    • 1,400 miles.

    • 1,000 miles.

    Correct Answer
    A. 1,400 kilometers.
    Explanation
    The scan width of the special sensor microwave/imagery (SSM/I) at the Earth's surface is 1,400 kilometers. This means that the sensor is able to capture a swath of land that is 1,400 kilometers wide in a single scan.

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  • 17. 

    What is the axis of most rapid stretching where the air parcels are traveling away from the col called?

    • Axis of dilatation.

    • Axis of deformation.

    • Axis of contraction.

    • Axis of geopotentiality.

    Correct Answer
    A. Axis of dilatation.
    Explanation
    The axis of dilatation refers to the direction in which air parcels are rapidly stretching and moving away from the col. It represents the axis of expansion or spreading out of the air parcels.

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  • 18. 

    What is taking place in the atmosphere when enhanced cumulus starts to take on a comma-cloud shape?

    • The minor short-wave trough associated with the enhanced cumulus (CU) is moving over a long-wave ridge.

    • The major short-wave trough associated with the enhanced CU is moving over a long-wave ridge.

    • The major short-wave trough associated with the enhanced CU is developing into a minor short-wave trough.

    • The minor short-wave trough associated with the enhanced CU is developing into a major short-wave trough.

    Correct Answer
    A. The minor short-wave trough associated with the enhanced CU is developing into a major short-wave trough.
    Explanation
    When enhanced cumulus clouds start to take on a comma-cloud shape, it indicates that the minor short-wave trough associated with the enhanced cumulus is developing into a major short-wave trough. This means that the area of low pressure in the atmosphere is becoming more organized and intensifying, leading to the formation of the comma-shaped cloud pattern.

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  • 19. 

    What cloud pattern develops into a comma cloud 75 percent of the time?

    • Baroclinic leaf.

    • Deformation zone.

    • Anomalous clouds.

    • Vorticity comma cloud.

    Correct Answer
    A. Baroclinic leaf.
    Explanation
    A baroclinic leaf is a cloud pattern that often develops into a comma cloud. This pattern is associated with the presence of a baroclinic zone, which is a region where temperature and/or moisture gradients exist. As air flows along this zone, it undergoes deformation, causing the cloud to take on a comma-like shape. This pattern is commonly observed in mid-latitude cyclones and is often indicative of strong atmospheric dynamics. Therefore, the correct answer is baroclinic leaf.

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  • 20. 

    The size and shape of a cumulonimbus cloud’s anvil cirrus are determined by the

    • Height of the tropopause.

    • Strength of the inversion.

    • Stability of the atmosphere.

    • Strength of the upper-level winds.

    Correct Answer
    A. Strength of the upper-level winds.
    Explanation
    The size and shape of a cumulonimbus cloud's anvil cirrus are determined by the strength of the upper-level winds. This is because the upper-level winds play a crucial role in shaping the anvil cirrus of a cumulonimbus cloud. Strong upper-level winds can cause the anvil cirrus to spread out horizontally, creating a larger and more elongated shape. On the other hand, weak upper-level winds may result in a smaller and less defined anvil cirrus. Therefore, the strength of the upper-level winds directly influences the size and shape of a cumulonimbus cloud's anvil cirrus.

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  • 21. 

    What happens to cumulus clouds that develop upwind of a lake and over warm land in the summer as they move over the comparatively cooler lake?

    • They dissipate as they become cooled from below.

    • They form stratocumulus lines downstream over the lake.

    • They build into towering cumulus or cumulonimbus clouds.

    • They cool to the dew point producing fog and/or stratus clouds.

    Correct Answer
    A. They dissipate as they become cooled from below.
    Explanation
    When cumulus clouds develop upwind of a lake and move over the comparatively cooler lake, they dissipate as they become cooled from below. The cooler air over the lake causes the warm air within the cumulus clouds to cool, leading to the dissipation of the clouds.

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  • 22. 

    Under Wien’s Law, on what is the wavelength of the maximum irradiance of a black body dependent?

    • Temperature

    • Wavelength

    • Color

    • Distance

    Correct Answer
    A. Temperature
    Explanation
    Wien's Law states that the wavelength of the maximum irradiance of a black body is dependent on its temperature. As the temperature of a black body increases, the wavelength of the maximum irradiance decreases. This means that at higher temperatures, the black body emits more energy at shorter wavelengths, such as ultraviolet or blue light. Conversely, at lower temperatures, the black body emits more energy at longer wavelengths, such as infrared or red light. Therefore, the correct answer is temperature.

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  • 23. 

    Geosynchronous satellites orbit the earth at the same angular velocity as what?

    • The Moon

    • The Earth

    • Other Satellites

    • The Speed of Sound

    Correct Answer
    A. The Earth
    Explanation
    Geosynchronous satellites orbit the earth at the same angular velocity as the Earth itself. This means that they complete one orbit around the Earth in the same amount of time it takes for the Earth to rotate once on its axis. This allows the satellites to remain in a fixed position relative to the Earth's surface, making them ideal for applications such as communication and weather monitoring.

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  • 24. 

    Which is not a geosynchronous satellite?

    • Meteorological Satellite (METEOSAT).

    • Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) satellite.

    • Geostationary Meteorological Satellite (GMS).

    • Geosynchronous Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES).

    Correct Answer
    A. Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) satellite.
    Explanation
    The Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) satellite is not a geosynchronous satellite because it is part of a polar orbiting satellite system. Geosynchronous satellites orbit the Earth at the same speed as the Earth's rotation, allowing them to remain fixed over a specific location on the Earth's surface. The other options, Meteorological Satellite (METEOSAT), Geostationary Meteorological Satellite (GMS), and Geosynchronous Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES), are all examples of geosynchronous satellites that are used for weather monitoring and forecasting.

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  • 25. 

    What should you look for on infrared imagery to indicate that precipitation is increasing?

    • Rapidly shrinking and heating cloud tops are an indication precipitation will increase.

    • Rapidly expanding and heating cloud tops are an indication precipitation will increase.

    • Rapidly shrinking and cooling cloud tops are an indication precipitation will increase.

    • Rapidly expanding and cooling cloud tops are an indication precipitation will increase.

    Correct Answer
    A. Rapidly expanding and cooling cloud tops are an indication precipitation will increase.
    Explanation
    Rapidly expanding and cooling cloud tops are an indication that precipitation is increasing. As the cloud tops expand, it suggests that the cloud is growing and becoming more turbulent, which is often associated with an increase in precipitation. Additionally, the cooling of the cloud tops indicates that the cloud is reaching higher altitudes, where temperatures are colder, and this can lead to the formation of ice crystals and ultimately precipitation.

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  • 26. 

    What type of cloud pattern is the first indicator a short-wave trough is interacting with a frontal boundary?

    • A slight “V” shape developing on the cold-air side of the cloud pattern.

    • A slight “S” shape developing on the cold-air side of the cloud pattern.

    • A slight “L” shape developing on the cold-air side of the cloud pattern.

    • A slight “D” shape developing on the cold-air side of the cloud pattern.

    Correct Answer
    A. A slight “S” shape developing on the cold-air side of the cloud pattern.
    Explanation
    A slight "S" shape developing on the cold-air side of the cloud pattern is the first indicator that a short-wave trough is interacting with a frontal boundary.

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  • 27. 

    Which law says that the amount of radiation emitted by a black body at a given wavelength is proportional to its temperature?

    • Stefan’s law.

    • Kirchoff’s law.

    • Planck’s law.

    • Wien displacement law.

    Correct Answer
    A. Planck’s law.
    Explanation
    Planck's law states that the amount of radiation emitted by a black body at a given wavelength is proportional to its temperature. This law was formulated by Max Planck in 1900 and is a fundamental principle in quantum physics. It explains the relationship between the intensity and wavelength of radiation emitted by a black body at different temperatures.

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  • 28. 

    What special sensor microwave/imagery (SSM/I) product form is derived from SDRs and contains environmental parameters directly usable by oceanographers?

    • Environmental Data Records (EDRs).

    • Emissivity Data Records (EDRs).

    • Satellite Data Records (SDRs).

    • Sensor Data Records (SDRs).

    Correct Answer
    A. Environmental Data Records (EDRs).
    Explanation
    The special sensor microwave/imagery (SSM/I) product form that is derived from SDRs and contains environmental parameters directly usable by oceanographers is Environmental Data Records (EDRs).

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  • 29. 

    Straight-line winds of a constant wind speed would characterize a wind field where the only type of pure motion occurring is

    • Rotation.

    • Translation.

    • Divergence.

    • Deformation.

    Correct Answer
    A. Translation.
    Explanation
    A wind field characterized by straight-line winds of a constant speed would indicate that the wind is moving in a straight path without any rotation or change in direction. This is known as translation, where the wind is simply moving from one location to another in a linear fashion. Divergence refers to the spreading out of wind from a central point, while deformation refers to the change in shape or distortion of the wind field. Therefore, translation is the most appropriate answer in this context.

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  • 30. 

    Where is the jet stream axis located in relation to baroclinic zone cirrus?

    • About 1 latitude on the equatorward side of the sharp cloud edge.

    • About 1 latitude on the poleward side of the sharp cloud edge.

    • About 5 latitude on the poleward side of the sharp cloud edge.

    • About 5 latitude on the equatorward side of the sharp cloud edge.

    Correct Answer
    A. About 1 latitude on the poleward side of the sharp cloud edge.
    Explanation
    The jet stream axis is located about 1 latitude on the poleward side of the sharp cloud edge. This means that the jet stream, which is a fast-moving, narrow air current, is found slightly north of the sharp cloud edge. The baroclinic zone cirrus refers to the area where there is a strong temperature gradient, and the jet stream is typically found just north of this zone.

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  • 31. 

    What causes winds generally to flow up the mountain?

    • Differential cooling

    • Differential heating

    • Differential pressure

    • Differential rotation

    Correct Answer
    A. Differential heating
    Explanation
    Differential heating is the correct answer because when the sun heats the Earth's surface, different areas heat up at different rates. This creates temperature variations, with warmer air rising and cooler air sinking. When this happens near a mountain, the warmer air is forced to rise up the slope, causing winds to flow up the mountain.

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  • 32. 

    What do we commonly use translation to measure?

    • Speed of lows.

    • Shearing of the wind field.

    • Expansion of the wind field.

    • Contraction of the wind field.

    Correct Answer
    A. Speed of lows.
    Explanation
    Translation is commonly used to measure the speed of lows. Lows refer to areas of low atmospheric pressure, also known as cyclones or depressions. Translation refers to the movement of these low-pressure systems across the Earth's surface. By measuring the speed at which lows are moving, meteorologists can better understand and predict weather patterns. This information is crucial for forecasting and assessing the potential impact of these weather systems on various regions.

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  • 33. 

    What is occurring when you see a bulge or slight “S” shape develop and move along the back side of the frontal cloud band?

    • The front is strengthening.

    • The frontal wave is dissipating.

    • A wave is developing on the front.

    • The front has out run its upper-level support.

    Correct Answer
    A. A wave is developing on the front.
    Explanation
    When you see a bulge or slight "S" shape develop and move along the back side of the frontal cloud band, it indicates that a wave is developing on the front. This wave formation is a result of the interaction between different air masses along the front, causing disturbances in the flow pattern. As the wave develops, it can lead to changes in weather conditions and the intensity of the front.

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  • 34. 

    Of what areas do polar orbiting satellites provide coverage?

    • Approximately 472 nautical miles (nm), allow for global coverage every 4 hours

    • Approximately 472 nautical miles (nm), allow for global coverage every 8 hours

    • Approximately 472 nautical miles (nm), allow for global coverage every 12 hours

    • Approximately 472 nautical miles (nm), allow for global coverage every 6 hours

    Correct Answer
    A. Approximately 472 nautical miles (nm), allow for global coverage every 12 hours
    Explanation
    Polar orbiting satellites provide coverage in an area of approximately 472 nautical miles (nm). They allow for global coverage every 12 hours. This means that the satellite will pass over every point on the Earth's surface within a 472 nm radius every 12 hours, providing comprehensive global coverage.

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  • 35. 

    How many channels are sensed by special sensor microwave/imagery (SSM/I)?

    • 3

    • 4

    • 5

    • 7

    Correct Answer
    A. 7
    Explanation
    The special sensor microwave/imagery (SSM/I) is capable of sensing a total of 7 channels. These channels include both microwave and imagery data, allowing for a comprehensive and detailed analysis of the observed area. The multiple channels provide valuable information about various atmospheric and surface conditions, making the SSM/I an important tool for weather forecasting and climate monitoring.

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  • 36. 

    Which clouds form parallel to, and on the equatorward side of the jet stream flow and needs at least 60 knots for formation?

    • Cirrus streaks.

    • Rotor clouds

    • Stratus decks

    • Cumuliform clouds

    Correct Answer
    A. Cirrus streaks.
    Explanation
    Cirrus streaks form parallel to and on the equatorward side of the jet stream flow and require a minimum wind speed of 60 knots for their formation.

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  • 37. 

    Cloud streets are very similar to cloud lines except the

    • Pixels are connected.

    • Elements are connected.

    • Pixels are not connected.

    • Elements are not connected.

    Correct Answer
    A. Elements are not connected.
    Explanation
    Cloud streets are a type of cloud formation that appears as long, parallel bands in the sky. These bands are formed by the movement of air in the atmosphere, creating a pattern where the cloud elements are arranged in a linear fashion. However, unlike cloud lines where the elements are connected, in cloud streets, the elements are not connected. This means that there are gaps or spaces between the cloud elements, giving the appearance of distinct, separate bands of clouds in the sky.

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  • 38. 

    With a warm front, the amount and type of cloudiness depends on the amount of

    • Convective instability in the cold air.

    • Convective instability in the warm air.

    • Available moisture and the stability of the cold air.

    • Available moisture and the stability of the warm air.

    Correct Answer
    A. Available moisture and the stability of the warm air.
    Explanation
    The amount and type of cloudiness with a warm front depend on the available moisture and the stability of the warm air. Warm fronts occur when warm air replaces cold air. As the warm air moves in, it rises above the colder air, causing condensation and cloud formation. The amount of moisture in the warm air and the stability of the warm air determine the extent and type of cloudiness that will occur.

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  • 39. 

    In relation to the coldest cloud tops, where does the heaviest precipitation from synoptic-scale systems tend to fall?

    • Along the southern edge.

    • Along the eastern edge.

    • Along the northern edge.

    • Along the western edge.

    Correct Answer
    A. Along the southern edge.
    Explanation
    The heaviest precipitation from synoptic-scale systems tends to fall along the southern edge of the coldest cloud tops. This is because the southern edge is usually where warm air meets colder air, creating an unstable atmosphere and leading to the formation of intense thunderstorms and heavy rainfall.

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  • 40. 

    What cloud type is associated with winds of 10 to 25 knots in the wake of an island?

    • Ship trails

    • Karman vortices

    • Plume clouds

    • Wake clouds

    Correct Answer
    A. Karman vortices
    Explanation
    Karman vortices are associated with winds of 10 to 25 knots in the wake of an island. These vortices are formed when air flows around an obstacle, such as an island, and creates alternating swirls or eddies. The swirling motion of the air causes the formation of distinct cloud patterns, known as Karman vortices. These cloud patterns can be observed in the wake of islands and are a common phenomenon in atmospheric fluid dynamics.

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  • 41. 

    What are organized, persistent areas of deep convection noted in meteorological satellite (METSAT) imagery during the warm season called?

    • Mesoscale convective systems (MCS).

    • Mesoscale convective complexes (MCC).

    • Synoptic-scale convective systems (SCS).

    • Synoptic-scale convective complexes (SCC).

    Correct Answer
    A. Mesoscale convective complexes (MCC).
    Explanation
    Mesoscale convective complexes (MCC) are organized, persistent areas of deep convection that are noted in meteorological satellite imagery during the warm season. These complexes are characterized by a large area of cloud cover and are typically associated with heavy rainfall, strong winds, and sometimes severe weather. They often have a well-defined circular or oval shape and can persist for several hours or even overnight. MCCs are an important feature in the study of severe weather and can have significant impacts on local and regional weather patterns.

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  • 42. 

    Leeside clearing along the eastern slopes of the Rockies and the Appalachian Mountains indicates the winds

    • On the leeside are anticyclonic

    • Cross the ridge line in excess of 50 knots.

    • Cross the mountain ridge line at an angle of less than 45 degrees.

    • Cross the mountain ridge line at an angle of greater than 45 degrees.

    Correct Answer
    A. Cross the mountain ridge line at an angle of greater than 45 degrees.
    Explanation
    Leeside clearing along the eastern slopes of the Rockies and the Appalachian Mountains indicates that the winds on the leeside are crossing the mountain ridge line at an angle of greater than 45 degrees. This is because when the wind encounters a mountain range, it is forced to rise and as it descends on the leeside, it creates a clearing. The greater the angle of the wind crossing the ridge line, the more pronounced the leeside clearing will be.

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  • 43. 

    Which statement describes a type A comma cloud pattern?

    • Polar front jet (PFJ) reforms north of the warm front at the top of the comma cloud and extends eastward.

    • PFJ is continuous and crosses the comma cloud system at, or north of, the triple point.

    • PFJ is not continuous through the comma cloud system.

    • PFJ wraps around the upper-level low and weakens.

    Correct Answer
    A. PFJ is continuous and crosses the comma cloud system at, or north of, the triple point.
    Explanation
    A type A comma cloud pattern is characterized by the Polar front jet (PFJ) being continuous and crossing the comma cloud system at, or north of, the triple point. This means that the PFJ remains intact and extends over the comma cloud formation, either directly at the triple point or slightly north of it. This pattern indicates a strong and organized weather system, with the PFJ playing a significant role in the dynamics of the system.

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  • 44. 

    The ratio of the total amount of radiation reflected from an object to the total amount of incident radiation is called

    • Emissivity.

    • Scattering.

    • Reflectivity

    • Absorptivity.

    Correct Answer
    A. Reflectivity
    Explanation
    Reflectivity refers to the ratio of the total amount of radiation reflected from an object to the total amount of incident radiation. This means that reflectivity measures how much of the incident radiation is reflected back from the object.

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  • 45. 

    Explain Planck’s law.

    • The amount of radiation emitted by a black body at a given wavelength is proportional to its temperature

    • The amount of radiation emitted by a black body at a given wavelength is inversely proportional to its temperature

    • The amount of radiation emitted by a black body at a given wavelength is proportional to its distance

    • The amount of radiation emitted by a black body at a given wavelength is proportional to its size

    Correct Answer
    A. The amount of radiation emitted by a black body at a given wavelength is proportional to its temperature
    Explanation
    Planck's law states that the amount of radiation emitted by a black body at a given wavelength is proportional to its temperature. This means that as the temperature of a black body increases, the amount of radiation it emits also increases. Conversely, as the temperature decreases, the amount of radiation emitted decreases. This relationship is important in understanding the behavior of black bodies and the distribution of their emitted radiation across different wavelengths.

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  • 46. 

    Which satellite allows you to loop imagery to follow fronts, lows, severe weather, and many other cloud and non-cloud features?

    • Polar Satewllites

    • Visible Satellites

    • Orbital

    • Geostationary Satellites

    Correct Answer
    A. Geostationary Satellites
    Explanation
    Geostationary satellites are positioned in a fixed location above the Earth's equator, allowing them to continuously observe a specific area on the Earth's surface. This makes them ideal for tracking weather patterns such as fronts, lows, and severe weather, as well as other cloud and non-cloud features. Unlike polar satellites, which orbit the Earth and only pass over a specific area a few times a day, geostationary satellites provide a constant view of the same region, allowing for the looping of imagery and real-time monitoring of weather conditions.

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  • 47. 

    The geosynchronous satellite stays in position because of a combination of

    • Angular velocity and centripetal force.

    • Angular velocity and centrifugal force.

    • Centripetal force and gravity.

    • Centrifugal force and gravity.

    Correct Answer
    A. Centrifugal force and gravity.
    Explanation
    The geosynchronous satellite stays in position due to a combination of centrifugal force and gravity. Centrifugal force is the outward force experienced by an object moving in a circular path, and it counteracts the inward force of gravity. The satellite's angular velocity allows it to maintain a constant speed and orbit, while the centrifugal force balances the gravitational force, preventing the satellite from falling towards the Earth. Therefore, the combination of centrifugal force and gravity keeps the geosynchronous satellite in its position.

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  • 48. 

    Which is not a use for water vapor imagery?

    • Identifying potential thunderstorm areas.

    • Determining the polar front (PFJ) and subtropical jets (STJ).

    • Identifying circulation centers, troughs, ridges, and wind maximums.

    • Determining the thickness of mid and upper-level clouds.

    Correct Answer
    A. Determining the thickness of mid and upper-level clouds.
    Explanation
    Water vapor imagery is a useful tool in meteorology for various purposes. It can help in identifying potential thunderstorm areas by detecting areas of high moisture content and instability in the atmosphere. It can also be used to determine the polar front and subtropical jets by observing the movement and concentration of water vapor. Additionally, water vapor imagery is valuable in identifying circulation centers, troughs, ridges, and wind maximums by visualizing the patterns and gradients of water vapor. However, determining the thickness of mid and upper-level clouds is not a use for water vapor imagery as it requires other types of satellite or radar data.

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  • 49. 

    When you estimate sea-level pressures using meteorological satellite (METSAT) imagery, where must you locate the baroclinic lows associated with comma clouds?

    • From 40°N and poleward.

    • From 40°S and poleward.

    • From 40°N and equatorward.

    • From 40°S and equatorward.

    Correct Answer
    A. From 40°N and poleward.

Quiz Review Timeline (Updated): Mar 21, 2023 +

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  • Mar 21, 2023
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  • Nov 18, 2012
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