PNLE: Community Health Nursing Part 3 (Exam Mode)-www.Rnpedia.Com

1. Inadequate intake by the pregnant woman of which vitamin may cause neural tube defects?

Niacin

Riboflavin

Folic acid

Thiamine

It is estimated that the incidence of neural tube defects can be reduced drastically if pregnant women have an adequate intake of folic acid.

Explanation

It is estimated that the incidence of neural tube defects can be reduced drastically if pregnant women have an adequate intake of folic acid.

2. You explain to a breastfeeding mother that breast milk is sufficient for all of the baby's nutrient needs only up to ____.

3 months

6 months

1 year

2 years

After 6 months, the baby’s nutrient needs, especially the baby’s iron requirement, can no longer be provided by mother’s milk alone.

Explanation

After 6 months, the baby’s nutrient needs, especially the baby’s iron requirement, can no longer be provided by mother’s milk alone.

3. You are in a client's home to attend to a delivery. Which of the following will you do first?

Set up the sterile area.

Put on a clean gown or apron.

Cleanse the client’s vulva with soap and water.

Note the interval, duration and intensity of labor contractions.

Assessment of the woman should be done first to determine whether she is having true labor and, if so, what stage of labor she is in.

Explanation

Assessment of the woman should be done first to determine whether she is having true labor and, if so, what stage of labor she is in.

4. In the conduct of a census, the method of population assignment based on the actual physical location of the people is termed

De jure

De locus

De facto

De novo

The other method of population assignment, de jure, is based on the usual place of residence of the people.

Explanation

The other method of population assignment, de jure, is based on the usual place of residence of the people.

5. Which biological used in Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) is stored in the freezer?

DPT

Tetanus toxoid

Measles vaccine

Hepatitis B vaccine

Among the biologicals used in the Expanded Program on Immunization, measles vaccine and OPV are highly sensitive to heat, requiring storage in the freezer.

Explanation

Among the biologicals used in the Expanded Program on Immunization, measles vaccine and OPV are highly sensitive to heat, requiring storage in the freezer.

6. Which of the following professionals can sign the birth certificate?

Public health nurse

Rural health midwife

Municipal health officer

Any of these health professionals

D. R.A. 3753 states that any birth attendant may sign the certificate of live birth.

Explanation

D. R.A. 3753 states that any birth attendant may sign the certificate of live birth.

7. A woman, 6 months pregnant, came to the center for consultation. Which of the following substances is contraindicated?

Tetanus toxoid

Retinol 200,000 IU

Ferrous sulfate 200 mg

Potassium iodate 200 mg. capsule

Retinol 200,000 IU is a form of megadose Vitamin A. This may have a teratogenic effect.

Explanation

Retinol 200,000 IU is a form of megadose Vitamin A. This may have a teratogenic effect.

8. You will gather data for nutritional assessment of a purok. You will gather information only from families with members who belong to the target population for PEM. What method of data gathering is best for this purpose?

Census

Survey

Record review

Review of civil registry

A survey, also called sample survey, is data gathering about a sample of the population.

Explanation

A survey, also called sample survey, is data gathering about a sample of the population.

9. Freedom of choice is one of the policies of the Family Planning Program of the Philippines. Which of the following illustrates this principle?

Information dissemination about the need for family planning

Support of research and development in family planning methods

Adequate information for couples regarding the different methods

Encouragement of couples to take family planning as a joint responsibility

To enable the couple to choose freely among different methods of family planning, they must be given full information regarding the different methods that are available to them, considering the availability of quality services that can support their choice.

Explanation

To enable the couple to choose freely among different methods of family planning, they must be given full information regarding the different methods that are available to them, considering the availability of quality services that can support their choice.

10. During prenatal consultation, a client asked you if she can have her delivery at home. After history taking and physical examination, you advised her against a home delivery. Which of the following findings disqualifies her for a home delivery?

Her OB score is G5P3.

She has some palmar pallor.

Her blood pressure is 130/80.

Her baby is in cephalic presentation.

Only women with less than 5 pregnancies are qualified for a home delivery. It is also advisable for a primigravida to have delivery at a childbirth facility.

Explanation

Only women with less than 5 pregnancies are qualified for a home delivery. It is also advisable for a primigravida to have delivery at a childbirth facility.

11. Unused BCG should be discarded how many hours after reconstitution?

2

4

6

At the end of the day

While the unused portion of other biologicals in EPI may be given until the end of the day, only BCG is discarded 4 hours after reconstitution. This is why BCG immunization is scheduled only in the morning.

Explanation

While the unused portion of other biologicals in EPI may be given until the end of the day, only BCG is discarded 4 hours after reconstitution. This is why BCG immunization is scheduled only in the morning.

12. Which statistic can give the most accurate reflection of the health status of a community?

1-4 year old age-specific mortality rate

Infant mortality rate

Swaroop’s index

Crude death rate

Swaroop’s index is the proportion of deaths aged 50 years and above. The higher the Swaroop’s index of a population, the greater the proportion of the deaths who were able to reach the age of at least 50 years, i.e., more people grew old before they died.

Explanation

Swaroop’s index is the proportion of deaths aged 50 years and above. The higher the Swaroop’s index of a population, the greater the proportion of the deaths who were able to reach the age of at least 50 years, i.e., more people grew old before they died.

13. What is given to a woman within a month after the delivery of a baby?

Malunggay capsule

Ferrous sulfate 100 mg. OD

Retinol 200,000 I.U., 1 capsule

Potassium iodate 200 mg, 1 capsule

A capsule of Retinol 200,000 IU is given within 1 month after delivery. Potassium iodate is given during pregnancy; malunggay capsule is not routinely administered after delivery; and ferrous sulfate is taken for two months after delivery.

Explanation

A capsule of Retinol 200,000 IU is given within 1 month after delivery. Potassium iodate is given during pregnancy; malunggay capsule is not routinely administered after delivery; and ferrous sulfate is taken for two months after delivery.

14. You are computing the crude death rate of your municipality, with a total population of about 18,000, for last year. There were 94 deaths. Among those who died, 20 died because of diseases of the heart and 32 were aged 50 years or older. What is the crude death rate?

4.2/1,000

5.2/1,000

6.3/1,000

7.3/1,000

To compute crude death rate divide total number of deaths (94) by total population (18,000) and multiply by 1,000.

Explanation

To compute crude death rate divide total number of deaths (94) by total population (18,000) and multiply by 1,000.

15. Which of the following women should be considered as special targets for family planning?

Those who have two children or more

Those with medical conditions such as anemia

Those younger than 20 years and older than 35 years

Those who just had a delivery within the past 15 months

The ideal birth spacing is at least two years. 15 months plus 9 months of pregnancy = 2 years.

Explanation

The ideal birth spacing is at least two years. 15 months plus 9 months of pregnancy = 2 years.

16. In a mothers' class, you discuss proper breastfeeding technique. Which is of these is a sign that the baby has "latched on" to the breast properly?

The baby takes shallow, rapid sucks.

The mother does not feel nipple pain.

The baby’s mouth is only partly open.

Only the mother’s nipple is inside the baby’s mouth.

When the baby has properly latched on to the breast, he takes deep, slow sucks; his mouth is wide open; and much of the areola is inside his mouth. And, you’re right! The mother does not feel nipple pain.

Explanation

When the baby has properly latched on to the breast, he takes deep, slow sucks; his mouth is wide open; and much of the areola is inside his mouth. And, you’re right! The mother does not feel nipple pain.

17. Knowing that malnutrition is a frequent community health problem, you decided to conduct nutritional assessment. What population is particularly susceptible to protein energy malnutrition (PEM)?

Pregnant women and the elderly

Under-5 year old children

1-4 year old children

School age children

Preschoolers are the most susceptible to PEM because they have generally been weaned. Also, this is the population who, unable to feed themselves, are often the victims of poor intrafamilial food distribution.

Explanation

Preschoolers are the most susceptible to PEM because they have generally been weaned. Also, this is the population who, unable to feed themselves, are often the victims of poor intrafamilial food distribution.

18. The Field Health Services and Information System (FHSIS) is the recording and reporting system in public health care in the Philippines. The Monthly Field Health Service Activity Report is a form used in which of the components of the FHSIS?

Tally report

Output report

Target/client list

Individual health record

A tally report is prepared monthly or quarterly by the RHU personnel and transmitted to the Provincial Health Office.

Explanation

A tally report is prepared monthly or quarterly by the RHU personnel and transmitted to the Provincial Health Office.

19. A primigravida is instructed to offer her breast to the baby for the first time within 30 minutes after delivery. What is the purpose of offering the breast this early?

To initiate the occurrence of milk letdown

To stimulate milk production by the mammary acini

To make sure that the baby is able to get the colostrum

To allow the woman to practice breastfeeding in the presence of the health worker

Suckling of the nipple stimulates prolactin reflex (the release of prolactin by the anterior pituitary gland), which initiates lactation.

Explanation

Suckling of the nipple stimulates prolactin reflex (the release of prolactin by the anterior pituitary gland), which initiates lactation.

20. To describe the sex composition of the population, which demographic tool may be used?

Sex ratio

Sex proportion

Population pyramid

Any of these may be used.

Sex ratio and sex proportion are used to determine the sex composition of a population. A population pyramid is used to present the composition of a population by age and sex.

Explanation

Sex ratio and sex proportion are used to determine the sex composition of a population. A population pyramid is used to present the composition of a population by age and sex.

21. Civil registries are important sources of data. Which law requires registration of births within 30 days from the occurrence of the birth?

P.D. 651

Act 3573

R.A. 3753

R.A. 3375

P.D. 651 amended R.A. 3753, requiring the registry of births within 30 days from their occurrence.

Explanation

P.D. 651 amended R.A. 3753, requiring the registry of births within 30 days from their occurrence.

22. In preparing a primigravida for breastfeeding, which of the following will you do?

Tell her that lactation begins within a day after delivery.

Teach her nipple stretching exercises if her nipples are everted.

Instruct her to wash her nipples before and after each breastfeeding.

Explain to her that putting the baby to breast will lessen blood loss after delivery.

Suckling of the nipple stimulates the release of oxytocin by the posterior pituitary gland, which causes uterine contraction. Lactation begins 1 to 3 days after delivery. Nipple stretching exercises are done when the nipples are flat or inverted. Frequent washing dries up the nipples, making them prone to the formation of fissures.

Explanation

Suckling of the nipple stimulates the release of oxytocin by the posterior pituitary gland, which causes uterine contraction. Lactation begins 1 to 3 days after delivery. Nipple stretching exercises are done when the nipples are flat or inverted. Frequent washing dries up the nipples, making them prone to the formation of fissures.

23. In the past year, Barangay A had an average population of 1655. 46 babies were born in that year, 2 of whom died less than 4 weeks after they were born. There were 4 recorded stillbirths. What is the neonatal mortality rate?

27.8/1,000

43.5/1,000

86.9/1,000

130.4/1,000

To compute for neonatal mortality rate, divide the number of babies who died before reaching the age of 28 days by the total number of live births, then multiply by 1,000.

Explanation

To compute for neonatal mortality rate, divide the number of babies who died before reaching the age of 28 days by the total number of live births, then multiply by 1,000.

24. Which of the following is a natality rate?

Crude birth rate

Neonatal mortality rate

Infant mortality rate

General fertility rate

Natality means birth. A natality rate is a birth rate.

Explanation

Natality means birth. A natality rate is a birth rate.

25. What numerator is used in computing general fertility rate?

Estimated midyear population

Number of registered live births

Number of pregnancies in the year

Number of females of reproductive age

To compute for general or total fertility rate, divide the number of registered live births by the number of females of reproductive age (15-45 years), then multiply by 1,000.

Explanation

To compute for general or total fertility rate, divide the number of registered live births by the number of females of reproductive age (15-45 years), then multiply by 1,000.

26. To monitor clients registered in long-term regimens, such as the Multi-Drug Therapy, which component will be most useful?

Tally report

Output report

Target/client list

Individual health record

The MDT Client List is a record of clients enrolled in MDT and other relevant data, such as dates when clients collected their monthly supply of drugs.

Explanation

The MDT Client List is a record of clients enrolled in MDT and other relevant data, such as dates when clients collected their monthly supply of drugs.

27. The Sentrong Sigla Movement has been launched to improve health service delivery. Which of the following is/are true of this movement?

This is a project spearheaded by local government units.

It is a basis for increasing funding from local government units.

It encourages health centers to focus on disease prevention and control.

Its main strategy is certification of health centers able to comply with standards.

Sentrong Sigla Movement is a joint project of the DOH and local government units. Its main strategy is certification of health centers that are able to comply with standards set by the DOH.

Explanation

Sentrong Sigla Movement is a joint project of the DOH and local government units. Its main strategy is certification of health centers that are able to comply with standards set by the DOH.

28. Estimate the number of pregnant women who will be given tetanus toxoid during an immunization outreach activity in a barangay with a population of about 1,500.

265

300

375

400

To estimate the number of pregnant women, multiply the total population by 3.5%.

Explanation

To estimate the number of pregnant women, multiply the total population by 3.5%.

29. Which criterion in priority setting of health problems is used only in community health care?

Modifiability of the problem

Nature of the problem presented

Magnitude of the health problem

Preventive potential of the health problem

Magnitude of the problem refers to the percentage of the population affected by a health problem. The other choices are criteria considered in both family and community health care.

Explanation

Magnitude of the problem refers to the percentage of the population affected by a health problem. The other choices are criteria considered in both family and community health care.

30. Which statistic best reflects the nutritional status of a population?

1-4 year old age-specific mortality rate

Proportionate mortality rate

Infant mortality rate

Swaroop’s index

Since preschoolers are the most susceptible to the effects of malnutrition, a population with poor nutritional status will most likely have a high 1-4 year old age-specific mortality rate, also known as child mortality rate.

Explanation

Since preschoolers are the most susceptible to the effects of malnutrition, a population with poor nutritional status will most likely have a high 1-4 year old age-specific mortality rate, also known as child mortality rate.