Pharynx Parts Anatomy Quiz

The constrictor muscles of the pharynx are responsible for narrowing and constricting the pharynx during swallowing. The superior, inferior, and middle constrictor muscles are all part of this group. However, the medial constrictor muscle does not exist. Therefore, the correct answer is "Medial."

The palatoglossus muscle is not a longitudinal muscle of the pharynx. It is actually a muscle of the tongue. The other three muscles listed - palatopharyngeus, salpingopharyngeus, and stylopharyngeus - are all longitudinal muscles of the pharynx.

The correct answer is Nasopharynx. The nasopharynx is a part of the pharynx, which is the throat. It is located behind the nose and above the lower border of the soft palate. The nasopharynx plays a role in the respiratory system as it connects the nasal cavity to the rest of the pharynx. It is also involved in the immune system as it contains the adenoids, which are a collection of lymphoid tissue that helps to fight off infections.

The nasopharynx communicates with the oropharynx at the pharyngeal isthmus, allowing passage of air and food. It also communicates with the nasal cavities through the posterior nasal apertures, which are openings at the back of the nasal passages. The nasopharynx is supported by the C2 and C3 vertebrae from behind, providing structural stability. The roof and posterior wall of the nasopharynx form a continuous slope opposite the posterior part of the body of the sphenoid bone. Therefore, options 1, 2, and 4 are all true regarding the nasopharynx.

The correct answer is Stylopharyngeus. The glossopharyngeal nerve is responsible for innervating the stylopharyngeus muscle. This muscle plays a role in swallowing and helps to elevate the pharynx during swallowing. The other options mentioned, inferior pharyngeal constrictor, superior pharyngeal constrictor, and salpingopharyngeus, are innervated by other nerves and do not receive innervation from the glossopharyngeal nerve.

The oropharynx is a part of the throat that is located behind the oral cavity. It is surrounded by walls made of superior, middle, and inferior constrictors. It is supported by the C2 and C3 vertebrae. The palatine tonsil is also located in the oropharynx, specifically in the tonsillar fossa in the lateral wall. However, the oropharynx does not extend from the upper border of the epiglottis to the lower border of the cricoid cartilage. This is an incorrect statement as the oropharynx actually extends from the base of the tongue to the upper border of the epiglottis.

The palatine tonsil is not located in the lateral wall of the nasopharynx. It is actually located in the lateral wall of the oropharynx. The other structures listed - salpingopharyngeal fold, pharyngeal recess, and opening of auditory tube - are all located in the lateral wall of the nasopharynx.

The middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle originates in the stylohyoid ligament and horns of the hyoid bone.

The superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle originates in the hamulus, pterygomandibular raphe, and mylohyoid line of the mandible.

The given statement describes the location of the laryngopharynx. The laryngopharynx is a part of the pharynx that extends from the upper border of the epiglottis to the lower border of the cricoid cartilage. It is located behind the larynx and is responsible for conducting both food and air.

The correct answer is option 2 and 4. The upper part of the pharynx transmits both air and food, not air only. The middle part of the pharynx transmits both food and air, not food only. Therefore, options 2 and 4 are incorrect because they do not accurately describe the functions of the different parts of the pharynx.

The nasopharynx is lined with ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium, not stratified squamous epithelium. Stratified squamous epithelium is found in areas such as the oral cavity and esophagus, where protection against mechanical stress is needed. The nasopharynx, on the other hand, is part of the respiratory system and requires a different type of epithelium to perform its functions, such as the movement of mucus and the filtration of air.