20th Century American History Midterm Quiz

Theodore Roosevelt became the President of the United States in 1901 following the assassination of William McKinley. He served as the president from 1901 to 1909. William McKinley was the president prior to Roosevelt, Grover Cleveland served non-consecutive terms before 1903, and John F. Kennedy became president in 1961.

The Great Train Robbery, released in 1903, is considered the first Western film due to its pioneering use of new cinematography techniques and its influence on the Western genre that would follow.

Big Stick Diplomacy was a foreign policy strategy attributed to Theodore Roosevelt during his presidency. The strategy emphasized negotiation and peaceful resolution backed by the threat of military force, often symbolized by the saying 'speak softly and carry a big stick.'

President Taft's policy was known as Dollar Diplomacy, which aimed to use economic power to influence foreign policy objectives. The other options are policies or doctrines associated with different presidents or historical periods.

The Roosevelt Corollary was an addition to the Monroe Doctrine that stated the U.S. would intervene in Central and South America to prevent European countries from intervening.

Dollar Diplomacy was a foreign policy approach where the U.S encouraged economic investment in Latin America as a way to extend political influence and ensure stability in the region.

World War I officially began in 1914 in Europe when Germany and Austria-Hungary initiated hostilities with Britain, France, and Russia, leading to a global conflict.

The incidents mentioned likely refer to events leading up to World War I, where the United States declared war on the Central Powers after incidents such as the sinking of the Lusitania and Zimmermann Telegram.

Wilson's 14 Points emphasized principles such as self-determination for nations, free trade, disarmament, and the establishment of an international organization to promote collective security. The idea of Germany paying war reparations was addressed in the Treaty of Versailles, not in Wilson's 14 Points.

The League of Nations was created as a congress of nations to negotiate international problems and prevent future wars, not to enforce reparations, establish communism, or promote imperialism.

The correct answer highlights the main reason for the U.S. Senate's opposition to joining the League of Nations, which was the fear of being entangled in European conflicts.

The Treaty of Versailles imposed heavy penalties and restrictions on Germany, causing widespread resentment and desire for revenge. This fueled the rise of nationalism and extremism in Germany, eventually leading to the outbreak of World War II.

The Lodge Corollary was actually a part of the Monroe Doctrine and it warned European nations to stay out of the Western Hemisphere, particularly in Latin America.

The Open Door Policy was a foreign policy put forth by the Taft Administration in the early 20th century to ensure equal access for all nations to trade with China.

The Open Door Policy was a term in diplomatic history that refers to the policy that all countries should have equal commercial and industrial trade rights within China, without any one country controlling the region. This policy particularly applied to the U.S. seeking access to Chinese markets without being shut out by European powers.

The Supreme Court Case Schenck v. U.S. established the 'clear and present danger' test which allows the government to restrict speech that could create a clear and present danger to national security, even during wartime.

The Zimmerman Telegram was a secret diplomatic communication issued by the German Empire in January 1917 that proposed a military alliance between Germany and Mexico in the event of the United States entering World War I against Germany. The other options are unrelated to this specific event.

The Great Migration specifically refers to the movement of African Americans from the South to Northern cities in the United States, primarily during World War I, for job opportunities and to escape racial segregation and discrimination.

Gas was a devastating new weapon introduced during World War I, used to try and break the stalemate by inflicting casualties on entrenched soldiers. While tanks, aircraft, and machine guns all played important roles in the war, gas was specifically designed to break the deadlock of trench warfare.

The flags representing Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Ottoman Empire are typically displayed on the right side when viewed in a row or array of flags.

During World War II, the Allies were represented by the left side of the conflict, which included countries such as the United States, United Kingdom, Soviet Union, and others. The Axis powers, on the other hand, were represented by the right side of the conflict.