Year 8 Science - Exploring The Universe

Pluto is the correct answer because it used to be considered the ninth planet in our solar system until 2007. However, in that year, the International Astronomical Union redefined the criteria for what qualifies as a planet, and Pluto no longer met those criteria. It was subsequently reclassified as a "dwarf planet" or "planetoid."

The correct answer is Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune. This is the correct order of the planets in our solar system starting from the closest to the sun.

The correct answer is Mercury Venus Earth Mars. These are the names of the four planets listed in the question.

The correct answer is Milky Way. The Milky Way is the name of the galaxy we live in. It is a barred spiral galaxy that contains our solar system, along with billions of other stars, planets, and celestial objects. The Milky Way is visible as a faint band of light in the night sky and is home to countless other galaxies, making it a small part of the vast universe.

The correct answer is Neptune, Uranus, Saturn, and Jupiter. These four planets are commonly referred to as the outer planets because they are located beyond the asteroid belt in our solar system. They are also known as gas giants or ice giants, as they are primarily composed of gases such as hydrogen and helium, along with other elements. Neptune, Uranus, Saturn, and Jupiter are all significantly larger than the inner planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars) and have distinct features such as rings and numerous moons.

The Andromeda Galaxy is the correct answer because it is the closest galaxy to our Milky Way. It is located about 2.537 million light-years away from us and can be seen with the naked eye from Earth. The Andromeda Galaxy is a spiral galaxy similar in size and structure to our own galaxy, and it is expected to collide with the Milky Way in about 4 billion years.

The shape of the earth's orbit around the sun is elliptical. This means that the orbit is not a perfect circle, but rather an elongated shape resembling an oval. The elliptical shape of the orbit causes the distance between the earth and the sun to vary throughout the year, resulting in the changing seasons.

Equinox refers to the days when the duration of day and night is equal. This occurs twice a year, when the tilt of the Earth's axis is inclined neither away from nor towards the Sun. During an equinox, the Sun is directly above the Earth's equator, resulting in approximately 12 hours of daylight and 12 hours of darkness.

Mars is the most likely solar body to sustain human life because it is the only option listed that is within our solar system and has conditions that are somewhat similar to Earth. Mars has a thin atmosphere, which provides some protection from radiation, and evidence suggests that there may have been water on its surface in the past. It is also closer to Earth, making it more feasible for humans to travel and potentially colonize in the future. The Moon does not have a breathable atmosphere or liquid water, Jupiter is a gas giant with extreme conditions, and Andromeda is not even in our solar system.

The Earth's rotation controls the phenomenon of day and night. As the Earth rotates on its axis, different parts of the planet are exposed to the Sun's light, causing daylight in one area and darkness in another. This rotation is what determines the length of a day, with one complete rotation taking approximately 24 hours. The concept of day and night is fundamental to our understanding of time and plays a crucial role in various aspects of life on Earth.

The correct answer is anti-clockwise because the Earth rotates on its axis from west to east. This rotation is also known as counterclockwise or anticlockwise rotation. This can be observed by the movement of the Sun across the sky from east to west during the day.

The correct answer is "Gas Giants" and "Jovian planets". Gas Giants and Jovian planets are the collective names for the four outer planets in our solar system: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. These planets are called Gas Giants because they are primarily composed of gases like hydrogen and helium. The term "Jovian planets" is derived from the planet Jupiter, which is the largest and most massive planet in our solar system. Both terms are commonly used to refer to these outer planets due to their similar characteristics and composition.

The correct answer is Terrestrial planets, Rocky planets. The collective name for the 4 inner planets is Terrestrial planets or Rocky planets. These planets, namely Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars, are called terrestrial or rocky planets because they are primarily composed of solid materials, such as rocks and metals, and have a relatively small size compared to the outer gas giants.

The Earth's orbit controls the phenomenon of the year and seasons. The year is determined by one complete orbit of the Earth around the Sun, which takes approximately 365.25 days. As the Earth orbits the Sun, it also tilts on its axis, causing different parts of the Earth to receive varying amounts of sunlight throughout the year. This tilt is responsible for the changing of seasons, as different regions experience different temperatures and lengths of daylight. Therefore, the Earth's orbit directly influences the passage of time and the occurrence of seasons on our planet.