WFTDA Official Hand Signals

Lead Jammer refers to a roller derby player who establishes themselves as the lead skater in a jam by legally passing all blockers from both teams. This player has the ability to call off the jam prematurely by placing their hands on their hips, denying the opposing team the opportunity to score any points. Being the lead jammer is advantageous as it allows the skater to control the pace of the game and strategically end the jam to prevent the opposing team from scoring.

Multiplayer Blocking refers to a penalty in roller derby where two or more players from the same team form a wall or a block and engage in blocking an opponent simultaneously. This is considered illegal because it can lead to dangerous situations and increase the risk of injury. The penalty is given to the offending player(s) and they are required to serve time in the penalty box.

The correct answer is "Team Timeout." A team timeout is a strategic break called by a team during a roller derby game. It allows the team to regroup, discuss tactics, and make adjustments. During a team timeout, the clock is stopped, and both teams are given a chance to rest and strategize. This is different from an official timeout, which is called by the referees to address rule clarifications, equipment issues, or other administrative matters.

The correct answer is "Use of Elbows". This refers to a penalty in roller derby where a player uses their elbows to make contact with an opponent. This is considered a dangerous and illegal move as it can cause injury to the other player. Players are expected to make legal and safe contact with their opponents using their hips and shoulders, but not their elbows.

The correct answer is "Use of Forearms/Hands." This refers to a penalty in roller derby where a player uses their forearms or hands to make contact with an opponent. This type of contact is considered illegal and can result in a penalty being assessed against the player.

Blocking to the Back refers to a penalty in roller derby where a skater uses their body or equipment to block an opponent from behind. This is considered a dangerous move as it can cause injury to the skater being blocked. Blocking to the Back is against the rules and can result in penalties and time spent in the penalty box.

Cutting the Track is a penalty in roller derby where a skater goes out of bounds and reenters the track ahead of opponents, gaining an advantage. This penalty is given to prevent skaters from cutting off opponents and gaining an unfair advantage in the game. It is important for skaters to stay within the boundaries of the track and reenter in a legal manner to maintain fair gameplay.

The term "Pack is here" refers to a situation in roller derby where the pack, which consists of both teams' blockers, is formed. This means that the blockers from both teams are within a certain distance of each other, usually within 10 feet. The formation of the pack is important because it determines which skaters are eligible to score points and which skaters are considered "out of play." When the pack is formed, the jammers from both teams can begin scoring points by passing opposing blockers. Therefore, the statement "Pack is here" indicates that the necessary conditions for gameplay and scoring are met.

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The given correct answer, "Not Lead Jammer," refers to a situation in roller derby where a jammer does not have the lead jammer status. In roller derby, the lead jammer is the first jammer who establishes legal position in front of the opposing jammer. The lead jammer has the ability to call off the jam prematurely, gaining strategic advantage. However, if a jammer fails to establish this position, they are not considered the lead jammer. This status affects gameplay and scoring opportunities for the jammer.

Blocking to the Head/High Blocking refers to a penalty in roller derby where a player uses their head or makes contact with an opponent's head during a block. This is considered dangerous and can result in injury, so it is penalized to ensure the safety of the players.

No Pack refers to a situation in roller derby where there is no defined group of blockers from both teams within proximity of each other. This can occur when blockers are spread out on the track or when they are all engaged in individual engagements with opposing blockers. When there is no pack, certain rules and penalties related to pack definition and gameplay do not apply.

"Illegal Procedures" refers to any actions or behaviors that violate the rules and regulations of the game. This can include actions such as false starts, not reporting to the penalty box when required, or failing to follow proper procedures during gameplay. These actions are considered illegal and result in penalties being assessed against the offending player or team.

"No Pass No Penalty" refers to a situation in roller derby where the jammer does not earn any points on a scoring pass because they did not legally pass any opposing blockers. This could happen if the jammer is unable to make it through the pack and complete a scoring pass within the allotted time, or if they commit a penalty during the pass. In this case, the jammer does not receive any points for that pass, but they also do not serve any penalty time in the penalty box.

Direction of Gameplay Penalties refers to penalties that are called when a skater is not skating in the correct direction of gameplay. This means that they are skating in the opposite direction of the pack or in a direction that is not allowed by the rules. These penalties are important for maintaining the safety and fairness of the game, as skaters need to be aware of their surroundings and skate in the correct direction to avoid collisions and maintain the flow of gameplay.

Expulsion/Foul Out refers to a penalty in roller derby where a player is removed from the game due to accumulating a certain number of major penalties. Once a player reaches the maximum number of allowed penalties, they are expelled from the game and cannot continue to participate. This penalty is a severe consequence for repeated rule violations and is meant to maintain fair play and sportsmanship.

The correct answer is Penalty Box Time. This refers to the amount of time a player must spend in the penalty box as a consequence for committing a penalty during the game.

Low Blocking refers to a penalty in roller derby where a skater uses their body or equipment to block an opponent below the legal target zone, which is above the mid-thigh. This type of blocking is considered dangerous as it can cause injury to the targeted skater. Therefore, when a skater is caught low blocking, they will receive a penalty and be required to serve time in the penalty box.

Delay of Game is a penalty in roller derby that is called when a skater intentionally delays the game or fails to return to the track or penalty box in a timely manner. This penalty is given to skaters who are purposely stalling or wasting time, which goes against the rules of the game. It is important for skaters to maintain the pace of the game and follow the proper procedures to ensure fair play and a smooth flow of gameplay.

Insubordination refers to a skater's refusal to follow the instructions or commands of an official or referee during a roller derby game. This can include actions such as arguing with the officials, refusing to leave the track when instructed, or failing to comply with penalty box procedures. Insubordination is a serious offense and can result in penalties, penalty box time, or even expulsion from the game.

The term "Return to Your Bench" is a penalty in roller derby where a skater is instructed to leave the track and go back to their team's bench area. This penalty is usually given when a skater has committed a major infraction or multiple penalties. It serves as a way to remove the skater from the game temporarily and give them a chance to reflect on their actions. Once the penalty time is served, the skater can then return to the track and rejoin the game.

Misconduct refers to a penalty in roller derby. It is likely that this penalty is given to a skater who has committed a serious violation or has engaged in unsportsmanlike conduct. The specific actions that can result in a misconduct penalty may vary, but it is generally a severe infraction that can result in penalty box time or other consequences for the skater.

Out of Bounds Blocking refers to when a player initiates a block while they are out of bounds. This is considered a penalty in roller derby as it is against the rules to make contact with opponents while outside of the track boundaries. The penalty is enforced to ensure fair gameplay and player safety, as blocking from out of bounds can give an unfair advantage and increase the risk of injury.

A Jammer Lap Point is awarded to the jammer when they successfully pass all opposing blockers legally and without committing any penalties. This means that the jammer has lapped the opposing team's blockers and is now eligible to score points for each opposing blocker they pass legally.

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Skating Out of Bounds refers to a penalty in roller derby where a skater goes out of the designated track boundaries and gains an advantage or interferes with the gameplay. This penalty is called when a skater intentionally or unintentionally skates outside the track boundaries, such as stepping completely out of bounds or touching the infield or outfield areas. Skating Out of Bounds is considered a violation because it disrupts the flow of the game and gives the skater an unfair advantage.

Gross Misconduct refers to a severe violation of the rules in the sport. It is a penalty that is given for a particularly egregious or dangerous action on the part of a player. This penalty is typically given when a player's behavior goes beyond what is considered acceptable and safe within the game. It is a serious offense that can result in expulsion or being fouled out of the game.

The correct answer is "Return to the Track". This refers to a penalty where a skater goes out of bounds during gameplay and must return to the track in order to continue participating.

Out of Play Penalties are penalties that are called when a skater goes out of bounds or becomes out of play during gameplay. This can happen when a skater skates out of bounds intentionally or unintentionally, or when a skater becomes too far away from the pack and is no longer actively engaging in gameplay. These penalties are called to ensure fair and safe gameplay by keeping skaters within the designated boundaries and actively participating in the game.

The term "Major" refers to a penalty in the sport. In roller derby, players can receive penalties for various infractions, such as blocking to the back, blocking with the head, or cutting the track. These penalties are categorized as either minor or major, with major penalties typically resulting in more severe consequences, such as spending time in the penalty box. Therefore, the correct answer is "Major."

Retain Lead Jammer refers to a situation in roller derby where the lead jammer maintains their status as the lead jammer even after being sent to the penalty box. This means that when the jammer returns from the penalty box, they do not have to regain their lead jammer status and can immediately start scoring points. This rule is in place to ensure that the lead jammer's advantage is not completely lost due to a penalty.