WFTDA Rules Study Test

6.16 - Gross Misconduct
Gross misconduct is defined as an indiscretion so serious that it justifies the instant expulsion of a skater, even on the first occurrence.

6.16.10 - Punching another skater.

6.16.12 - Choking.

6.16.16 - Jumping onto or into a pile of fighting skaters (i.e., “dog pile”).

6.14 - Insubordination
Insubordination is willfully failing to comply with a referee’s orders. Examples of insubordination include but are not limited to failure to leave the track for a penalty or failure to leave the floor after fouling out.

Major Penalty
6.14.3 - Willfully failing to leave the track for a penalty.

5.2.4.3 - The head may not be used to block, see Section 6.6 - Blocking With the Head for restrictions on use.

7.3.7 - After serving their required time in the penalty box, a penalized skater may re-enter the track. A skater may skate clockwise in the ten (10) foot clearance around the outside of the track when exiting the penalty box. When she re-enters play, she must re-enter behind the rearmost pack skater.

6.13 - Illegal Procedures
Technical infractions that give the offending team an advantage but do not necessarily impact a specific opponent.

Minor Penalties

6.13.5 - False start—A Jammer or Blocker who false starts must yield advantage. If a false-starting Blocker or Jammer yields her advantage but the opposing Jammer or Blocker does not take advantage of her attempt to yield position, neither Jammer nor Blocker will be awarded an additional penalty.


6.13.6 - Too many skaters on the track. The extra skater is instructed to return to her bench without stopping the jam. The penalty is issued to the skater instructed to return to her bench.


Major Penalties

6.13.16 - A false start by a Jammer or Blocker who does not yield advantage. The Jammer or Blocker who committed the false start must stop all forward motion until the opposing Jammer or Blocker(s) takes the lead by passing her. If a false-starting Blocker or Jammer yields her advantage but the opposing Jammer or Blocker(s) does not take advantage of her attempt to yield position, an additional penalty must not be assessed and the yielding skater may proceed.

6.13.17 - Forcing a jam to be called off due to too many skaters on the track. The penalty is issued to the Pivot in that jam. If there is no Pivot in that jam, the penalty is issued to the last Non-Pivot Blocker to enter the track to the extent that the referee is able to determine who that skater was. If there is no Pivot in the jam and the referee is unable to determine the last skater to enter the track, the referee issuing the illegal procedure must penalize the Blocker on the track closest to the referee who calls the penalty.

6.13.18 - Improper uniform, jewelry, or skates.

6.13.27 - Removing required safety equipment (see Section 7.3.6 and Section 10.1.1).

6.13 - Illegal Procedures
Minor Penalties
6.13.14 - A penalized skater’s teammates, manager, and/or coach who enters the designated penalty box area to communicate with a penalized skater. If the person entering is not a skater in the bout the penalty will go to the Captain.

3.4.6 - The Lead Jammer is the only skater who has the privilege of calling off (ending) the jam prior to the expiration of the full two minutes. She may call off the jam at any time after her position has been established, unless she has been removed from the jam due to a penalty or her helmet cover has been removed.

2.4.4.1.1 - If the Jammer is not on the track when the jam starting whistle blows, the Jammer will not be permitted to join the jam in progress. No penalty will be issued.

6.11.1 - Re-entering behind the initiator of the block
When sent out of bounds by a block, an opponent must re-enter the track without bettering her position in relation to other skaters. Re-entering the track from out of bounds in front of the initiator of the block is improving your relative position, regardless of who is in front when the block is executed. An in-bounds skater who forces an opponent out of bounds earns and establishes superior position. A skater may not return in bounds in front of the skater who blocked her out of bounds, except under the following circumstances where no penalty is to be issued:

6.11.1.2 - When the initiating skater goes out of bounds at any time after the initiating block.

6.13 - Illegal Procedures
No Impact/No Penalty
6.13.4 - A skater who establishes her starting position on the track before the first whistle, but is blocked out of bounds prior to or as the whistle blows will be allowed to remain in the jam.

8.5 - The Jammer earns a point for each opposing skater who is not on the track immediately upon scoring her first point on an opposing blocker in each scoring pass. If the jam ends before the Jammer scores, the additional points will not be awarded.

8.3.1.2.1 - Blockers that advance or chase forward out of the Engagement Zone are considered part of and belonging to point totals of the previous (just completed) scoring pass.

4.3.3.2.2 - To regain position in the pack after having fallen behind or recovering from a fall, a skater must catch up to the back of the pack by skating within the track boundaries to be considered back in play.

9.2.6.3 - In the event that a referee must call off a jam prior to its natural conclusion (per Sections 9.2.6.2.3–9.2.6.2.8) with time remaining on the jam clock, but not on the period clock, the points from the jam will remain and an additional jam may occur at the Head Referee’s discretion.

2.6.1 - Each team is allowed three one (1) minute timeouts per game.

7.3.2.2 - No team may have more than two Blockers and one Jammer seated in the penalty box at a time. If a team has more than two penalized Blockers, the penalties will be served consecutively, i.e. the third Blocker will sit out once the first Blocker has served her penalty. This may require the third Blocker to serve her penalty in the next jam, in which case the third penalized Blocker will be asked to return to the jam (see Section 7.3.2.3).

9.1.2.1 - The Head Referee is the only referee with the authority to expel a skater, manager or coach. All other referees and officials must make recommendations to the Head Referee if they observe actions which warrant expulsion (see Section 7.5.2.1).

9.3 - Referee Discretion
9.3.6 - If the referee is not sure whether an action warrants an expulsion or a major, it must be called as a major.

6.11 CUTTING THE TRACK
A skater that is in bounds need not yield the right of way to an out of bounds skater. Skaters that
are out of bounds must find an entrance back in bounds that does not require in bounds skaters
to move. When out of bounds, skaters must re-enter the track without bettering their position in
relation to other skaters. Out of bounds skaters are subject to skating out of bounds penalties
even if they do not cut the track (see Section 6.12 Skating Out Of Bounds).

This section addresses penalties for cutting the track. Skaters must be upright and skating to
receive cutting the track penalties. (See Section 6.8 Out Of Bounds Blocking for downed skaters
re-entering and illegally blocking and Section 6.3 Low Blocking).

Downed skaters that have re-entered the track are subject to applicable cutting the track
penalties when they return to an in-bounds, upright and skating position. Downed skaters are not
to be penalized with cutting the track penalties, but are still subject to low blocking and blocking
from out of bounds penalties. Skaters cannot drop back while in play in efforts to undo or avoid
cutting the track penalties.

Minor Penalties
6.11.8 - An in bounds, upright and skating skater who has re-entered the track from out of bounds in front of one in-play skater, which results in her having bettered her position.

Major Penalties
6.11.14 An in bounds, upright and skating skater who has re-entered the track from out of
bounds in front of multiple in-play skaters, which results in her having bettered her
position.
6.11.15 - An in bounds, upright and skating skater who has re-entered the track from out of bounds in front of the foremost in-play opposing Blocker, which results in her having bettered her position.

(The statement above is false because she will receive a cutting penalty from her actions regardless if she yields the right of way.)

3.4.1.1.1 - A Jammer must be in bounds to become Lead Jammer—no part of her body or equipment may be touching out of bounds. She does not have to stay in bounds to remain Lead Jammer.

9.2.6.2 - A referee must call off a jam for any of the following reasons:
9.2.6.2.3 - An injury that is a safety hazard to continued game play.
http://wftda.com/rules/20100526/section/9.2

7.4.5 - If one team’s Jammer does not make it on to the track in time to participate in the jam and during the course of that jam the opposing team’s Jammer is sent off for a penalty, the jam will be whistled dead when the penalized Jammer is seated in the penalty box. She will begin the new jam in the box, and the team that did not field a Jammer in the previous jam will be allowed to field a Jammer in the new jam.
http://wftda.com/rules/20100526/section/7.4

4.1 - Pack Definition
4.1.1.2 - Proximity is defined as not more than ten feet (as measured from the hips) in front of or behind the nearest pack skater.
4.1.2.1 - Distances for determining the Pack and the Engagement Zone are measured as the shortest distance between skaters’ hips (see Section 8.3.2 for hips).

6.8 - Out of Bounds Blocking
6.8.2 - Skaters may not pick up momentum for a block until in bounds.

2.6.3.1 - At the conclusion of the timeout, the Referees will direct the skaters to return to the track and start the next jam as soon as possible. The next jam can start as soon as skaters are lined up, but no more than 30 seconds should elapse after a timeout.

4.1 - Pack Definition
4.1.1 - The pack is defined by the largest group of in bounds Blockers, skating in proximity, containing members from both teams.
4.1.1.2 - Proximity is defined as not more than ten feet (as measured from the hips) in front of or behind the nearest pack skater.
4.1.2 - When two or more groups of Blockers equal in number are on the track; are more than 10 feet from one another; and no single group meets the pack definition, no pack can be defined. Skaters will be issued a penalty for intentionally creating a no pack situation i.e. destroying the pack (see Section 6.10.2). Both teams are responsible for maintaining a legally defined pack. A skater or group of skaters is always responsible for the consequences of their actions. If their actions create a no pack situation (except those covered in Section 6.10.2.3), they should be penalized as directed in Sections 6.10.9–6.10.24.

7.5.1.1.1 - A skater fouls out from the game for seven accumulated penalty turns in the penalty box in a game.

3.5.8.2 - A helmet cover may only be recovered in the normal course of counter-clockwise skating. Neither backwards nor forwards skating in the clockwise direction to retrieve a dropped helmet cover is allowed. The Jammer or Pivot may skate out of bounds to retrieve a dropped helmet cover.

2.9 - Whistles

Major Penalty - One Long

6.13 - Illegal Procedures
Technical infractions that give the offending team an advantage but do not necessarily impact a specific opponent.

Major Penalties
6.13.19 - A Jammer successfully calling off a jam when she is not Lead Jammer.

7.3.6 - Penalized skaters may only remove their mouth guard once they are seated in the penalty box. No other equipment may be removed while a skater is in the designated penalty box area (see Section 6.13.15).

7.3.3.1 - When there are ten (10) seconds remaining on the penalty clock of a penalized skater, she will be instructed by the penalty timer to stand. She must stand.

6.10 - Out of Play Penalties

6.10.4 - Jammers may not initiate engagement with Blockers outside the Engagement Zone. If a Blocker initiates engagement with a Jammer outside the Engagement Zone, the illegally engaged Jammer may counter-block and go unpenalized. Likewise if a Jammer illegally engages a Blocker outside the Engagement Zone that Blocker may counter-block and go unpenalized.

6.10.5 - Blockers may not initiate engagement outside the Engagement Zone. If a Blocker initiates engagement with an opponent outside the Engagement Zone, the illegally engaged opponent may counter-block and go unpenalized. Likewise if a Jammer illegally engages an opponent outside the Engagement Zone that opponent may counter-block and go unpenalized.

9.3 - Referee Discretion
9.3.1.1 - Issuing penalties takes priority over issuing warnings. A warning does not have to be issued in order for a penalty to be given. Issuing penalties is always the priority over issuing a warning of any sort.

also:
6.10.1 - A skater who is more than twenty (20) feet in front of or behind the pack may receive an out of play warning by a referee; however, a referee is not required to issue a warning prior to giving a penalty. Issuing penalties takes priority over issuing warnings. A warning does not have to be issued in order for a penalty to be given.

6.13 - Illegal Procedures
Minor Penalties
6.13.5 - False start—A Jammer or Blocker who false starts must yield advantage. If a false-starting Blocker or Jammer yields her advantage but the opposing Jammer or Blocker does not take advantage of her attempt to yield position, neither Jammer nor Blocker will be awarded an additional penalty.

7.3.7 After serving their required time in the penalty box, a penalized skater may re-enter the
track. A skater may skate clockwise in the ten (10) foot clearance around the outside of
the track when exiting the penalty box. When she re-enters play, she must re-enter
behind the rearmost pack skater.
4.1.1.1 The pack is comprised of the Blockers. The Jammer is not part of the pack.

(This statement is false because the Jammer in not part of the pack. The rules indicate that you must re-enter behind the pack, but there is no rule stating where the opposing jammer must be in correlation to jammer who is re-entering. The Jammer who is re-entering in this statement has not committed a penalty.)

6.11 - Cutting the Track
Major Penalties
6.11.18 - An in bounds, upright and skating skater who has re-entered the track from out of bounds in front of multiple in-bounds skaters during a No Pack scenario, which results in her having bettered her position relative to those in bounds skaters.

6.8.11 - There is no penalty for blocking a skater who has jumped off both skates and left contact with the track from in bounds.

6.11 - Cutting the Track
This section addresses penalties for cutting the track. Skaters must be upright and skating to receive cutting the track penalties. (See Section 6.8 - Out of Bounds Blocking for downed skaters re-entering and illegally blocking and Section 6.3 - Low Blocking).

Downed skaters that have re-entered the track are subject to applicable cutting the track penalties when they return to an in-bounds, upright and skating position. Downed skaters are not to be penalized with cutting the track penalties, but are still subject to low blocking and blocking from out of bounds penalties. Skaters cannot drop back while in play in efforts to undo or avoid cutting the track penalties.

4.3.3.1 - A skater who is more than twenty (20) feet in front of or behind the pack may receive an out of play warning by a referee; however, a referee is not required to issue a warning prior to giving a penalty. Once out of play, a skater must yield the right of way to the opposing Jammer by physically moving out of the Jammer’s path. Any engagement, including passive/positional blocking, can result in a penalty (see Section 6.10 - Out of Play Penalties).

http://wftda.com/rules/20100526/figure/1

6.13 - Illegal Procedures
Major Penalties
6.13.17 - Forcing a jam to be called off due to too many skaters on the track. The penalty is issued to the Pivot in that jam. If there is no Pivot in that jam, the penalty is issued to the last Non-Pivot Blocker to enter the track to the extent that the referee is able to determine who that skater was. If there is no Pivot in the jam and the referee is unable to determine the last skater to enter the track, the referee issuing the illegal procedure must penalize the Blocker on the track closest to the referee who calls the penalty.

6.13 - Illegal Procedures
Minor Penalties
6.13.12 - A skater initiating contact or engaging an opponent before the first whistle that forces the receiving opposing skater off balance, forward or sideways, but does not cause her to lose her established starting position.

6.3 - Low Blocking
Skaters may not trip or intentionally fall in front of another skater. Any contact which lands on an opponent’s feet or legs, below the legal target zone, that causes the skater to stumble or fall is considered tripping and/or low blocking. Downed skaters re-entering the track are subject to tripping/low blocking penalties even on the first instance, and even if the downed skater has fallen small.

Minor Penalty
6.3.5 - A downed skater re-entering the track that causes an opposing skater to stumble but not fall or lose her relative position.

6.7 - Multiple-Player Blocks
6.7.1 - Skaters may not grab and hold each other’s uniform or equipment in a multi-player block.
6.7.4 - The multi-player link must be that which is blocking or impeding an opponent for the action to be illegal.

Since this is a bit of a tricky subject, here are a couple of excerpts from Roller Derby Rule of the Day (http://www.facebook.com/RollerDerbyRuleoftheDay):

‎6.7.2 Skaters may not use their hands, arms, or legs in any grabbing, holding, linking, or joining fashion in a multi-player block. This is the rule that defines what is an illegal multi-player action that could result in a Multiple-Player Block. If the multi-player action impedes or blocks an opponent it is to be penalized appropriately. Basically any kind of grabbing, holding, hooking, linking, attaching, etc. This would include skaters holding hands, one skater holding another skater's wrist, a skater grabbing a teammate's jersey, two skaters with their arms linked, a skater grasping a teammate while taking a hip whip off her, or anything similar to those is a multi-player action. Leg whips are also multi-player blocks if they impede or block an opponent.

Crossing body parts over each other is not, by definition, a multi-player block. Two skaters may put their arms in front of each other, effectively creating a wall, but so long as they are not grasping, holding or linking, or really in any way joining, they are fine. The trick is that blocks must be made by one skater, not by two. A multi-player block is one in which two skaters are involved in the actual block (even though one might not be the initiator and completely not at fault).

The penalty always goes to the initiator. If one player is grasping another, the grasping player gets the penalty. If two skaters are holding hands, they both get the penalty.

‎6.7.4. The multi-player link must be that which is blocking or impeding an opponent for the action to be illegal.
In a multi-player block situation, it is not the mere fact of players linking and/or holding each other that garners a penalty, it is the link or hold that is the key part of a Multiple-Player Block. If a Blocker is holding a teammate’s jersey with her left hand and an opponent comes up on the right and receives a legal shoulder block, then the hold of the jersey is inconsequential to the block. If the same Blocker is holding a teammate’s jersey with her left hand and an opponent is impeded by the Blocker’s arm in her way, then it is a multi-player block, and she will get a penalty. In the second example the arm, which is linked by holding, is the reason the opponent is impeded.

6.5 - Use of Forearms and Hands
Minor Penalty
6.5.8 - Extended touching (lasting three seconds or more) with the forearms or hands to an opponent’s legal and/or illegal target zone.

6.13 - Illegal Procedures
Minor Penalties
6.13.13 - A penalized skater who leaves the penalty box during either a team or official timeout.

(This statement is false because a penalized skater who leaves the penalty box during either a team or official timeout will receive an Illegal Procedure Minor Penalty, not an Insubordination Major Penalty.)