Vestibular Rehabilitation
Quiz from Vestibular rehab lecture
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Vestibular function helps to maintain gaze stability and resolve conflict between vision and somatosensory input.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The statement is true because vestibular function plays a crucial role in maintaining gaze stability. The vestibular system, located in the inner ear, detects head movements and provides information to the brain about the body's position and orientation in space. This information is used to stabilize the eyes and ensure that they remain focused on a target even during movement. Additionally, the vestibular system helps to resolve conflicts between visual and somatosensory inputs, ensuring that our perception of the world remains consistent.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Signs and symptoms of vestibular dysfunction include (choose all that apply)
- A.
Dizziness with position changes
- B.
History of falls
- C.
Double vision
- D.
Nausea
- E.
Persistent headache
Correct Answer(s)
A. Dizziness with position changes
B. History of falls
D. Nausea
E. Persistent headacheExplanation
Vestibular dysfunction refers to a problem with the inner ear that affects balance and spatial orientation. Symptoms of vestibular dysfunction can include dizziness with position changes, such as getting up from lying down or turning the head quickly. A history of falls is also common, as the person may have difficulty maintaining balance. Nausea can occur due to the imbalance in the inner ear, and a persistent headache may be present as a result of the vestibular dysfunction. Double vision, however, is not typically associated with vestibular dysfunction.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Clinical signs and symptoms of vestibular dysfunction include
- A.
Vertigo
- B.
Nystagmus
- C.
Diplopia
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
The correct answer is "all of the above" because vestibular dysfunction can cause a range of clinical signs and symptoms. Vertigo refers to a spinning sensation, nystagmus is the involuntary movement of the eyes, and diplopia is double vision. These symptoms are commonly associated with vestibular dysfunction, indicating that all of the listed options are correct.Rate this question:
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- 4.
A disorder of vision in which two images of a single object are seen (as from unequal action of the eye muscles)—called also double vision
- A.
Vertigo
- B.
Oscillopsia
- C.
Diplopia
- D.
Nystagmus
- E.
Disequillibrium
Correct Answer
C. DiplopiaExplanation
Diplopia is a disorder of vision where two images of a single object are seen. This can occur due to unequal action of the eye muscles. It is also known as double vision. Vertigo refers to a sensation of spinning or dizziness. Oscillopsia is the perception that objects in the visual field are moving or oscillating. Nystagmus is involuntary eye movement. Disequilibrium refers to a sense of unsteadiness or imbalance.Rate this question:
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- 5.
A sensation of motion which is associated with various disorders (as of the inner ear) and in which the individual or the individual's surroundings seem to whirl dizzily
- A.
Vertigo
- B.
Oscillopsia
- C.
Diplopia
- D.
Nystagmus
- E.
Disequillibrium
Correct Answer
A. VertigoExplanation
Vertigo is a sensation of motion where the individual or their surroundings appear to spin or whirl around. It is often associated with disorders of the inner ear. Other symptoms that may accompany vertigo include dizziness and a loss of balance. Oscillopsia refers to a condition where objects appear to oscillate or vibrate, diplopia is double vision, nystagmus is involuntary eye movements, and disequilibrium is a sense of unsteadiness or imbalance.Rate this question:
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- 6.
A visual disturbance in which objects appear to oscillate
- A.
Vertigo
- B.
Diplopia
- C.
Oscillopsia
- D.
Nystagmus
- E.
Disequillibrium
Correct Answer
C. OscillopsiaExplanation
Oscillopsia refers to a visual disturbance where objects appear to oscillate. This condition can occur due to various reasons, such as damage to the parts of the brain that control eye movement or problems with the muscles that control eye movement. It can also be a symptom of certain medical conditions, such as multiple sclerosis or inner ear disorders. Oscillopsia can cause difficulty with tasks that require visual focus, such as reading or driving, and can significantly impact a person's quality of life.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Involuntary usually rapid movement of the eyeballs (as from side to side) occurring normally with dizziness during and after bodily rotation or abnormally following head injury or as a symptom of disease
- A.
Vertigo
- B.
Diplopia
- C.
Nystagmus
- D.
Oscillopsia
- E.
Disequillibrium
Correct Answer
C. NystagmusExplanation
Nystagmus is the correct answer because it refers to the involuntary and rapid movement of the eyeballs, which can occur normally with dizziness during bodily rotation or abnormally as a symptom of disease. This movement can be from side to side or in other directions. Nystagmus can also be a result of head injury. Therefore, it aligns with the given explanation.Rate this question:
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- 8.
The anatomy of the vestibular system consists of the membranous labrynth, vestibulochoclear nerve and the central nervous system
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The vestibular system is responsible for maintaining balance and spatial orientation. It consists of three main components: the membranous labyrinth, which is a series of fluid-filled structures in the inner ear that detect motion and position changes; the vestibulocochlear nerve, which transmits information from the inner ear to the brain; and the central nervous system, which processes and interprets the signals received from the inner ear. Therefore, the statement that the anatomy of the vestibular system includes the membranous labyrinth, vestibulocochlear nerve, and central nervous system is true.Rate this question:
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- 9.
This vestibular reflex maintains stable vision during head movement
- A.
Ocular tilt reflex
- B.
VOR vestibulo-ocular reflex
- C.
Vestibulospinal reflex
- D.
Cervico-ocular reflex
- E.
Moro reflex
Correct Answer
B. VOR vestibulo-ocular reflexExplanation
The vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) is responsible for maintaining stable vision during head movement. It allows the eyes to move in the opposite direction of the head to compensate for any changes in position. This reflex helps to keep the visual field stable and prevents blurring or loss of vision during head movements.Rate this question:
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- 10.
This vestibular reflex is responsible for righting reactions
- A.
VOR- vestibulo-ocular reflex
- B.
Ocular tilt reflex
- C.
Vestibulospinal reflex
- D.
Cervico-ocular reflex
Correct Answer
B. Ocular tilt reflexExplanation
The ocular tilt reflex is responsible for righting reactions. This reflex helps to maintain the position of the eyes and stabilize the visual field during head tilts or rotations. It works by coordinating the movements of the eyes and the muscles of the neck and body to keep the visual world upright and stable. The other options listed, VOR, vestibulospinal reflex, and cervico-ocular reflex, are all involved in different aspects of maintaining balance and coordinating eye movements, but they are not specifically responsible for righting reactions.Rate this question:
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- 11.
This vestibular reflex stabilizes the body
- A.
Ocular tilt reflex
- B.
Vestibulo-ocular reflex
- C.
Vestibulospinal reflex
- D.
Cervico-ocular reflex
Correct Answer
C. Vestibulospinal reflexExplanation
The vestibulospinal reflex is responsible for stabilizing the body. It helps maintain balance and posture by adjusting muscle tone and coordinating movements in response to changes in head position or movement. This reflex allows the body to make compensatory adjustments to maintain stability and prevent falls or loss of balance. The other options, such as the ocular tilt reflex, vestibulo-ocular reflex, and cervico-ocular reflex, are all related to eye movements and do not directly contribute to body stabilization.Rate this question:
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- 12.
This vestibular reflex is similar to VOR, but maintains stable vision during slow head movements
- A.
Vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR)
- B.
Ocular tilt reflex
- C.
Vestibulospinal reflex
- D.
Cervico-ocular reflex
Correct Answer
D. Cervico-ocular reflexExplanation
The cervico-ocular reflex is the correct answer because it is a reflex that helps maintain stable vision during slow head movements. Unlike the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR), which is responsible for stabilizing vision during rapid head movements, the cervico-ocular reflex specifically works to stabilize vision during slower movements of the head. It does this by coordinating the movement of the eyes with the movement of the neck, allowing for smooth and stable visual perception.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is a disorder that causes vertigo, dizziness, and other symptoms due to debris (otoconia) that has collected within a part of the inner ear (semicircular canals).
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is indeed a disorder that causes vertigo, dizziness, and other symptoms due to debris (otoconia) that has collected within a part of the inner ear (semicircular canals). This statement accurately describes the condition, making the answer "True" correct.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Causes of BPPV are age related decline and diabetes
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
age related decline and head traumaRate this question:
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- 15.
Cupulolithiasis is the theory of BPPV, where free-floating debris can migrate into a semicircular canal and cause short episodes of vertigo when it moves within the canal.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
CanalithiasisRate this question:
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- 16.
Cupulolithiasis is a variant of BPPV in which the debris is stuck to the cupula of a semicircular canal rather than being loose within the canal.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Cupulolithiasis is a specific type of BPPV where the debris causing the vertigo symptoms is attached to the cupula, a structure within the semicircular canal of the inner ear. This is different from regular BPPV where the debris is loose within the canal. Therefore, the statement that Cupulolithiasis is a variant of BPPV where the debris is stuck to the cupula is true.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Unilateral vestibular loss includes all of the following symptoms except
- A.
Acute nystagmus
- B.
Oscillopsia
- C.
Vertigo
- D.
Hearing loss
- E.
Diplopia
Correct Answer
E. DiplopiaExplanation
Unilateral vestibular loss refers to the dysfunction of the vestibular system on one side of the body. This condition typically presents with symptoms such as acute nystagmus (involuntary eye movement), oscillopsia (visual disturbance with objects appearing to shake or vibrate), vertigo (spinning sensation), and hearing loss. However, diplopia (double vision) is not typically associated with unilateral vestibular loss.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Anne is a 50 year old woman who was referred to therapy for vestibular dysfunction. She suffers from an abnormal gait and is frequently dizzy. She states that her vision seems to oscillate when she walks, and that her symptoms become much worse in the dark or when she is walking on uneven surfaces.Anne most likely suffers from
- A.
Unilateral vestibular loss (UVL)
- B.
Bilateral vestibular loss (BVL)
- C.
Nystagmus
- D.
Oscillopsia
Correct Answer
B. Bilateral vestibular loss (BVL)Explanation
Anne's symptoms of abnormal gait, dizziness, oscillating vision while walking, and worsening symptoms in the dark or on uneven surfaces suggest a dysfunction in her vestibular system. The fact that her symptoms are bilateral (occurring in both ears) indicates that she most likely suffers from bilateral vestibular loss (BVL). BVL refers to a condition where both inner ears are affected, leading to difficulties in balance, coordination, and spatial orientation. This explanation aligns with the given answer of BVL.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Nystagmus is a characteristic of motion sensitivity
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Nystagmus is not a characteristic of motion sensitivity. Nystagmus refers to involuntary eye movements, which can occur due to various reasons such as neurological disorders, inner ear problems, or certain medications. While motion sensitivity can cause symptoms such as dizziness, nausea, or disorientation in response to motion, it does not specifically involve nystagmus. Therefore, the statement is false.Rate this question:
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- 20.
All of the following are characteristics of central dysfunction except
- A.
Dizziness
- B.
Visual tracking abnormality
- C.
Spontaneous direction changing nystagmus
- D.
Diplopia
- E.
Skew eye deviation
Correct Answer
C. Spontaneous direction changing nystagmusExplanation
The given answer, "spontaneous direction changing nystagmus," is the correct answer because all the other options are characteristics of central dysfunction. Dizziness, visual tracking abnormality, diplopia (double vision), and skew eye deviation are all commonly associated with central dysfunction, which refers to problems in the brain or central nervous system. However, spontaneous direction changing nystagmus is not typically associated with central dysfunction and may indicate a different underlying issue.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Non-vestibular causes of dizziness can include (choose all that apply)
- A.
Migraines
- B.
Orthostatic hypotension
- C.
Medications
- D.
Heart conditions
- E.
Anxiety
Correct Answer(s)
A. Migraines
B. Orthostatic hypotension
C. Medications
D. Heart conditions
E. AnxietyExplanation
Dizziness can be caused by various factors other than vestibular issues. Migraines can cause dizziness as a symptom, often accompanied by headache and sensitivity to light and sound. Orthostatic hypotension refers to a drop in blood pressure when standing up, leading to dizziness. Certain medications, such as those for high blood pressure or sedatives, can also cause dizziness as a side effect. Heart conditions, such as arrhythmias or reduced blood flow, can disrupt blood supply to the brain and cause dizziness. Anxiety can trigger dizziness due to the body's physiological response to stress.Rate this question:
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- 22.
The incidence of BPPV peaks between 60 and 80 years of age. 25% of individuals over the age of 70 presenting with dizziness were diagnosed with BPPV.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The given statement is true. BPPV (Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo) is a common vestibular disorder that causes dizziness. The incidence of BPPV is highest between the ages of 60 and 80, indicating that it is more prevalent in older individuals. Additionally, the statement mentions that 25% of individuals over the age of 70 presenting with dizziness were diagnosed with BPPV, further supporting the fact that BPPV is more common in older age groups. Therefore, the answer is true.Rate this question:
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- 23.
MEdical management for vestibular disorders includes all of the following except
- A.
ENG testing
- B.
Rotary chair
- C.
Therapeutic massage
- D.
Audiologic testing
- E.
Medication to relieve symptoms
Correct Answer
C. Therapeutic massageExplanation
Medical management for vestibular disorders includes various interventions such as ENG testing, rotary chair testing, audiologic testing, and medication to relieve symptoms. However, therapeutic massage is not typically considered a standard medical management option for vestibular disorders. While massage therapy may have potential benefits for certain individuals, it is not commonly recommended or included as a primary treatment modality for vestibular disorders.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Assessment of vestibular disorders consists of (choose all that apply)
- A.
Comprehensive patient history
- B.
Objective measures such as oculomotor assessments, balance and position changes
- C.
Purdue pegboard test
- D.
Jebsen's test of hand function
- E.
Interviews
Correct Answer(s)
A. Comprehensive patient history
B. Objective measures such as oculomotor assessments, balance and position changes
E. InterviewsExplanation
The assessment of vestibular disorders includes several components. A comprehensive patient history is crucial to gather information about the patient's symptoms, medical history, and any previous events that may have triggered the disorder. Objective measures such as oculomotor assessments, balance, and position changes are necessary to evaluate the patient's eye movements, balance, and spatial orientation. Interviews with the patient can provide additional insights into their experiences and help in the diagnosis of vestibular disorders. The Purdue pegboard test and Jebsen's test of hand function are not directly related to the assessment of vestibular disorders and therefore are not applicable in this context.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Outcome measures for vestibular disorders include (choose all that apply)
- A.
DHI (Dizziness handicap inventory)
- B.
Disability scale
- C.
PANAS
- D.
DASH (disabilities of the arm shoulder and hand)
- E.
ADL scale
Correct Answer(s)
A. DHI (Dizziness handicap inventory)
B. Disability scale
C. PANAS
E. ADL scaleExplanation
Outcome measures are tools or assessments used to evaluate the impact or effectiveness of a treatment or intervention. In the context of vestibular disorders, outcome measures are used to assess the impact of dizziness and related symptoms on a person's daily life and functioning. The Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) is a specific outcome measure that assesses the impact of dizziness on a person's quality of life. The Disability scale, PANAS (Positive and Negative Affect Schedule), and ADL (Activities of Daily Living) scale are also commonly used outcome measures in vestibular disorders as they assess various aspects of disability, emotional well-being, and functional abilities respectively.Rate this question:
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- 26.
When interviewing a patient regarding vestibular symptoms, the description of the "dizzy" symptoms should include the tempo, duration, and circumstance.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
When interviewing a patient about their vestibular symptoms, it is important to gather information about the tempo (how fast or slow the symptoms occur), duration (how long the symptoms last), and circumstance (what triggers or worsens the symptoms). This information can help healthcare professionals in diagnosing and determining the underlying cause of the patient's dizziness. By understanding the specific details of the symptoms, healthcare providers can provide appropriate treatment and management strategies. Therefore, the statement is true.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Oculomotor assessments for vestibular dysfunction include all of the following except
- A.
ROM, Smooth pursuit, saccades
- B.
Nystagmus
- C.
VOR assessment
- D.
Dynamic visual acuity (DVA)
- E.
Manual muscle testing
Correct Answer
E. Manual muscle testingExplanation
The correct answer is manual muscle testing. Oculomotor assessments for vestibular dysfunction typically involve evaluating various eye movements and reflexes, such as range of motion (ROM), smooth pursuit, saccades, nystagmus, VOR assessment, and dynamic visual acuity (DVA). Manual muscle testing, on the other hand, is a method used to assess muscle strength and function, which is not directly related to oculomotor assessments for vestibular dysfunction.Rate this question:
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- 28.
When testing static balance, a single leg stance should be held for 30 seconds
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
When testing static balance, a single leg stance should not be held for 30 seconds. Holding a single leg stance for 30 seconds is more challenging and may be used to assess dynamic balance. In static balance testing, a single leg stance is typically held for a shorter duration, such as 10 seconds, to assess the ability to maintain balance without any movement.Rate this question:
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- 29.
MSQ is a motion sensitivity assessment used for clients with "positional dizziness" without evidence of BPPV.The following are accurate measures on the assessment scale except
- A.
0-10 mild sensitivity
- B.
11-30 moderate sensitivity
- C.
50-100 severe sensitivity
- D.
31- 100 severe sensitivity
Correct Answer
C. 50-100 severe sensitivityExplanation
The correct answer is "50-100 severe sensitivity." This is because the given options provide a scale for motion sensitivity assessment, ranging from mild sensitivity (0-10) to moderate sensitivity (11-30) and severe sensitivity (31-100). However, the option "50-100 severe sensitivity" is not accurate because it overlaps with the previous option, which already covers the range of severe sensitivity. Therefore, it is not a valid measure on the assessment scale.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Treatment theories for vestibular disorders include all of the following except
- A.
Adaptation
- B.
Remediation
- C.
Habituation
- D.
Substitution
- E.
Positional Maneuvers
Correct Answer
B. RemediationExplanation
Treatment theories for vestibular disorders include adaptation, habituation, substitution, and positional maneuvers. Remediation is not a treatment theory for vestibular disorders.Rate this question:
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- 31.
A person is brought from sitting to a supine position, with the head turned 45 degrees to one side and extended about 20 degrees backward. Once supine, the eyes are typically observed for about 30 seconds. If no nystagmus ensues, the person is brought back to sitting. There is a delay of about 30 seconds again, and then the other side is tested.What test is this?
- A.
Oculomotor and balance testing
- B.
Hallpike Dix
- C.
Canalith repositioning maneuver
- D.
Romberg test
Correct Answer
B. Hallpike DixExplanation
The test described in the question is the Hallpike Dix test. This test is used to diagnose and evaluate benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), a condition that causes dizziness and vertigo due to the displacement of calcium carbonate crystals in the inner ear. The test involves moving the patient from a sitting to a supine position with the head turned and extended, and observing the eyes for any nystagmus (involuntary eye movements). By testing both sides, the Hallpike Dix test helps determine which ear is affected by BPPV.Rate this question:
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- 32.
Maneuvers that involve a series of specifically patterned head and trunk movements performed by a trained professional who closely watches eye movements with each position change. The purpose is to move crystals out of the otolithic membrane in the utricle of the inner ear.
- A.
Hallpike Dix
- B.
Canalith repositioning maneuver
- C.
Balance testing
- D.
Romberg test
Correct Answer
B. Canalith repositioning maneuverExplanation
The Canalith repositioning maneuver is a series of head and trunk movements performed by a trained professional to move crystals out of the otolithic membrane in the utricle of the inner ear. This maneuver is used to treat a condition called benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), where these crystals become dislodged and cause dizziness and balance problems. By carefully watching the patient's eye movements during each position change, the trained professional can determine if the crystals have been successfully moved and repositioned, providing relief from symptoms.Rate this question:
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Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Aug 08, 2010Quiz Created by
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