US History Unit 5 Test
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer.
DC Standards: 8.1. ES. E, 8.3. ES. C, 8.4. ES. C, 8.5. ES. C, 8.7. PS. A, 8.7. ES. A, 8.7. ES. B
- 1.
Which waterways did Grant use to move his troops south?
- A.
Cumberland River, Arkansas River, and Ohio River
- B.
Cumberland River, Ohio River, and Mississippi River
- C.
Mississippi River, Ohio River, and Tennessee River
- D.
Ohio River, Tennessee River, and Cumberland River
Correct Answer
C. Mississippi River, Ohio River, and Tennessee RiverExplanation
Grant used the Mississippi River, Ohio River, and Tennessee River to move his troops south. These waterways provided strategic transportation routes for his army, allowing them to quickly and efficiently navigate through the region. By utilizing these rivers, Grant was able to effectively maneuver his troops and coordinate their movements, ultimately contributing to his success in the Civil War.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Which major waterway did Johnston use to move his troops north?
- A.
Cumberland River
- B.
Tennessee River
- C.
Ohio River
- D.
Mississippi River
Correct Answer
B. Tennessee RiverExplanation
Johnston used the Tennessee River to move his troops north. The Tennessee River is a major waterway that flows through multiple states, including Tennessee and Kentucky. It provided a strategic route for Johnston to transport his troops and supplies northward during the Civil War. By utilizing the Tennessee River, Johnston could effectively navigate through the region and coordinate his military movements.Rate this question:
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- 3.
In what state were the two forts located that Grant's troops attacked and defeated?
- A.
Ohio
- B.
Illinois
- C.
Tennessee
- D.
Mississippi
Correct Answer
C. TennesseeExplanation
Grant's troops attacked and defeated two forts in Tennessee.Rate this question:
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- 4.
On which river was Fort Donelson located?
- A.
Mississippi River
- B.
Cumberland River
- C.
Tennessee River
- D.
Ohio River
Correct Answer
B. Cumberland RiverExplanation
Fort Donelson was located on the Cumberland River. The Cumberland River is a major waterway in the southern United States, flowing through Kentucky and Tennessee. Fort Donelson was a Confederate fort during the American Civil War and played a significant role in the Battle of Fort Donelson in 1862. The fort's location on the Cumberland River made it strategically important for controlling transportation and supplies in the region.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Where did Johnston's forces suprise Grant's?
- A.
Corinth
- B.
Pea Ridge
- C.
Shiloh
- D.
Cairo
Correct Answer
C. ShilohExplanation
Johnston's forces surprised Grant's at the Battle of Shiloh. This battle took place in April 1862 near Shiloh Church in Tennessee during the American Civil War. The Confederate forces, led by General Albert Sidney Johnston, launched a surprise attack on Grant's Union forces, catching them off guard and initially driving them back. The battle was fierce and resulted in heavy casualties on both sides, but ultimately the Union forces, under Grant's leadership, were able to hold their ground and claim victory.Rate this question:
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- 6.
The distribution of Confederate resources was the same in which two categories?
- A.
Railroad mileage and number of farms
- B.
Population and manufacturing plants
- C.
Population and railroad mileage
- D.
Number of farms and manufacturing plants
Correct Answer
C. Population and railroad mileageExplanation
The correct answer is population and railroad mileage. This means that the distribution of Confederate resources was based on the population size of an area as well as the length of railroad tracks within that area. This suggests that the Confederates allocated their resources based on the number of people living in an area and the transportation infrastructure available, specifically the railroad network.Rate this question:
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- 7.
In which category did the North have the biggest advantage?
- A.
Population
- B.
Number of farms
- C.
Railroad mileage
- D.
Manufacturing plants
Correct Answer
D. Manufacturing plantsExplanation
The North had the biggest advantage in the category of manufacturing plants. This means that the North had a significant lead over the other categories mentioned (population, number of farms, and railroad mileage) when it came to the number and scale of manufacturing plants. This advantage in manufacturing plants likely contributed to the North's industrial and economic strength during the time period being referred to.Rate this question:
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- 8.
What percentage of the total population did the South have?
- A.
67 percent
- B.
15 percent
- C.
33 percent
- D.
29 percent
Correct Answer
D. 29 percentExplanation
The South had 29 percent of the total population.Rate this question:
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- 9.
What percentage of the total manufacturing plants did the South have?
- A.
85 percent
- B.
33 percent
- C.
29 percent
- D.
15 percent
Correct Answer
D. 15 percentExplanation
The South had 15 percent of the total manufacturing plants. This means that out of every 100 manufacturing plants, only 15 were located in the South.Rate this question:
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- 10.
What percentage of the total railroad mileage did the North have?
- A.
29 percent
- B.
33 percent
- C.
71 percent
- D.
42 percent
Correct Answer
C. 71 percentExplanation
The correct answer is 71 percent. This means that the North had the majority of the total railroad mileage. This could be due to a variety of factors such as industrialization, population density, and economic development in the North compared to the South during the time period in question.Rate this question:
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- 11.
The Siege of Vicksburg occured near which body of water?
- A.
Atlantic Ocean
- B.
Ohio River
- C.
Mississippi River
- D.
Gulf of Mexico
Correct Answer
C. Mississippi RiverExplanation
The Siege of Vicksburg occurred near the Mississippi River. Vicksburg, a strategic location during the American Civil War, was besieged by Union forces in an attempt to gain control of the Mississippi River. The city's location on the river made it a vital transportation route for the Confederacy, and capturing it would have significant strategic implications. The siege lasted for 47 days before Vicksburg surrendered to the Union, marking a major turning point in the war.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Where were most of the major battles fought?
- A.
On Union Territory
- B.
In the West
- C.
On Confederate territory
- D.
At sea
Correct Answer
C. On Confederate territoryExplanation
Most of the major battles during the Civil War were fought on Confederate territory. The Confederate States of America, also known as the Confederacy, was made up of 11 southern states that seceded from the Union in an attempt to preserve slavery and states' rights. As a result, the majority of the battles took place in the South, as the Union forces tried to regain control of Confederate territory. This included significant battles such as Gettysburg, Antietam, and Bull Run, which were all fought on Confederate soil.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Which of the following battles occurred on the coastline of the Atlantic Ocean?
- A.
Chattanooga
- B.
Vicksburg
- C.
Mobile Bay
- D.
Fort Sumter
Correct Answer
D. Fort SumterExplanation
Fort Sumter is the correct answer because it is the only battle listed that occurred on the coastline of the Atlantic Ocean. Chattanooga, Vicksburg, and Mobile Bay are all battles that took place inland, away from the coast. Fort Sumter, on the other hand, was a significant battle in the American Civil War that took place at a fort located in Charleston Harbor, South Carolina, which is situated on the coastline of the Atlantic Ocean.Rate this question:
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- 14.
How did Gettysburg and Antietam differ from the other battles on the map?
- A.
They were fought on Union land
- B.
They were the only battles in border states
- C.
They took place in the same state
- D.
They were fought on Confederate land
Correct Answer
D. They were fought on Confederate landExplanation
Gettysburg and Antietam differed from the other battles on the map because they were fought on Confederate land. This means that the Union forces were invading Confederate territory, rather than defending their own land. The other battles on the map likely took place on Union land or in border states, but Gettysburg and Antietam were unique in their location on Confederate soil.Rate this question:
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- 15.
In what direction did the Union advance between Shiloh and Savannah?
- A.
Southeast
- B.
Southwest
- C.
Northeast
- D.
Northwest
Correct Answer
A. SoutheastExplanation
The Union advanced southeast between Shiloh and Savannah.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Who captured the U.S. arsenal at Harpers Ferry?
- A.
Wilmot Proviso
- B.
Compromise of 1850
- C.
Fugitive Slave Act
- D.
Platform
- E.
Dred Scott
- F.
Abraham Lincoln
- G.
John Brown
- H.
Stephen A. Douglas
- I.
Jefferson Davis
- J.
Free-Soil Party
Correct Answer
G. John BrownExplanation
John Brown captured the U.S. arsenal at Harpers Ferry.Rate this question:
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- 17.
What is a statement of a political party's beliefs called?
- A.
Wilmot Proviso
- B.
Compromise of 1850
- C.
Fugitive Slave Act
- D.
Platform
- E.
Dred Scott
- F.
Abraham Lincoln
- G.
John Brown
- H.
Stephen A. Douglas
- I.
Jefferson Davis
- J.
Free-Soil Party
Correct Answer
D. PlatformExplanation
A statement of a political party's beliefs is called a platform. This is a document that outlines the party's stance on various political issues, their goals, and their proposed policies. It serves as a guide for party members and voters to understand the party's ideology and positions. The platform is often presented during party conventions and is used to differentiate one party from another.Rate this question:
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- 18.
What bill unsuccessfully attempted to ban slavery in any territory gained from the War with Mexico?
- A.
Wilmot Proviso
- B.
Compromise of 1850
- C.
Fugitive Slave Act
- D.
Platform
- E.
Dred Scott
- F.
Abraham Lincoln
- G.
John Brown
- H.
Stephen A. Douglas
- I.
Jefferson Davis
- J.
Free-Soil Party
Correct Answer
A. Wilmot ProvisoExplanation
The Wilmot Proviso was a bill that attempted to ban slavery in any territory gained from the War with Mexico. Although it passed the House of Representatives, it was unsuccessful in becoming law due to opposition from Southern senators. The bill was significant because it highlighted the growing tensions between the North and the South over the issue of slavery, ultimately leading to the Compromise of 1850 and further fueling the debates that would eventually lead to the American Civil War.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Who did the Northern Democrats nominate to be president in 1860?
- A.
Wilmot Proviso
- B.
Compromise of 1850
- C.
Fugitive Slave Act
- D.
Platform
- E.
Dred Scott
- F.
Abraham Lincoln
- G.
John Brown
- H.
Stephen A. Douglas
- I.
Jefferson Davis
- J.
Free-Soil Party
Correct Answer
H. Stephen A. DouglasExplanation
Stephen A. Douglas was nominated by the Northern Democrats to be president in 1860.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Whose lawsuit to gain freedom was denied in a landmark Supreme Court decision?
- A.
Wilmot Proviso
- B.
Compromise of 1850
- C.
Fugitive Slave Act
- D.
Platform
- E.
Dred Scott
- F.
Abraham Lincoln
- G.
John Brown
- H.
Stephen A. Douglas
- I.
Jefferson Davis
- J.
Free-Soil Party
Correct Answer
E. Dred ScottExplanation
Dred Scott's lawsuit to gain freedom was denied in a landmark Supreme Court decision.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Which bill settled the controversy over slavery in California and in the rest of the Mexican Cession?
- A.
Wilmot Proviso
- B.
Compromise of 1850
- C.
Fugitive Slave Act
- D.
Platform
- E.
Dred Scott
- F.
Abraham Lincoln
- G.
John Brown
- H.
Stephen A. Douglas
- I.
Jefferson Davis
- J.
Free-Soil Party
Correct Answer
B. Compromise of 1850Explanation
The Compromise of 1850 settled the controversy over slavery in California and the rest of the Mexican Cession. This compromise was a package of five separate bills that aimed to maintain the balance between free and slave states. It admitted California as a free state, abolished the slave trade in Washington D.C., and implemented a more stringent Fugitive Slave Act. It also allowed popular sovereignty in the remaining territories, meaning that the residents of those territories could decide for themselves whether to allow slavery. The Compromise of 1850 was a temporary solution that ultimately failed to prevent the escalation of tensions between the North and the South.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Which political party was dedicated to stopping the expansion of slavery?
- A.
Wilmot Proviso
- B.
Compromise of 1850
- C.
Fugitive Slave Act
- D.
Platform
- E.
Dred Scott
- F.
Abraham Lincoln
- G.
John Brown
- H.
Stephen A. Douglas
- I.
Jefferson Davis
- J.
Free-Soil Party
Correct Answer
J. Free-Soil PartyExplanation
The Free-Soil Party was a political party dedicated to stopping the expansion of slavery. They believed that slavery should not be allowed to spread into new territories and states. The party was formed in 1848 and consisted of anti-slavery Democrats, Whigs, and members of the Liberty Party. They opposed the expansion of slavery not only on moral grounds but also because they believed it would harm the economic opportunities of free white laborers. The Free-Soil Party's platform was influential in shaping the political landscape leading up to the Civil War.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Which law aroused great opposistion and widespread disobedience in the North?
- A.
Wilmot Proviso
- B.
Compromise of 1850
- C.
Fugitive Slave Act
- D.
Platform
- E.
Dred Scott
- F.
Abraham Lincoln
- G.
John Brown
- H.
Stephen A. Douglas
- I.
Jefferson Davis
- J.
Free-Soil Party
Correct Answer
C. Fugitive Slave ActExplanation
The Fugitive Slave Act aroused great opposition and widespread disobedience in the North because it required citizens to assist in the capture and return of escaped slaves, regardless of their personal beliefs or moral objections to slavery. This law was seen as a violation of individual liberties and a betrayal of the principles of freedom and equality. Many Northerners refused to comply with the law and actively aided escaped slaves, leading to increased tensions between the North and the South.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Which political figure opposed the expansion of slavery into the Western territories?
- A.
Wilmot Proviso
- B.
Compromise of 1850
- C.
Fugitive Slave Act
- D.
Platform
- E.
Dred Scott
- F.
Abraham Lincoln
- G.
John Brown
- H.
Stephen A. Douglas
- I.
Jefferson Davis
- J.
Free-Soil Party
Correct Answer
F. Abraham LincolnExplanation
Abraham Lincoln opposed the expansion of slavery into the Western territories. As the 16th President of the United States, he played a significant role in the American Civil War and issued the Emancipation Proclamation, which declared that all slaves in Confederate territory were to be set free. Lincoln's opposition to the expansion of slavery was a central issue during his presidency and was a key factor in the secession of several Southern states, ultimately leading to the Civil War.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Whom did the Confederate States of America select as president after seceding from the Union?
- A.
Wilmot Proviso
- B.
Compromise of 1850
- C.
Fugitive Slave Act
- D.
Platform
- E.
Dred Scott
- F.
Abraham Lincoln
- G.
John Brown
- H.
Stephen A. Douglas
- I.
Jefferson Davis
- J.
Free-Soil Party
Correct Answer
I. Jefferson DavisExplanation
After seceding from the Union, the Confederate States of America selected Jefferson Davis as their president.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Why did Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation free slaves only in the South?
- A.
Lincoln did not want to offend his wife's relatives in Kentucky
- B.
Lincoln believed that Northern slaves were treated better than Southern slaves, so they did not need to be free
- C.
Lincoln wanted slavery in the border states to continue because farming in those states helped the Northern economy
- D.
Lincoln believed he had the authority to free slaves in rebelling states as a military tactic
Correct Answer
D. Lincoln believed he had the authority to free slaves in rebelling states as a military tacticExplanation
Lincoln believed he had the authority to free slaves in rebelling states as a military tactic. This is because the Emancipation Proclamation was primarily a strategic move to weaken the Confederate states during the Civil War. By declaring that slaves in rebelling states were to be freed, Lincoln hoped to undermine the Confederate war effort by depriving them of their labor force. Additionally, this proclamation was based on Lincoln's interpretation of his powers as commander-in-chief during a time of war.Rate this question:
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- 27.
What inspired African Americans to enlist in teh Union Army?
- A.
The government offered all African American soldiers land in the West after the war was over
- B.
The Emancipation Proclamation made ending slavery a goal of the war
- C.
They hoped that fighting in the war would convince Lincoln to issue the Emancipation Proclamation
- D.
The government offered African Americans the same pay as white soldiers if they would enlist
Correct Answer
B. The Emancipation Proclamation made ending slavery a goal of the warExplanation
The Emancipation Proclamation made ending slavery a goal of the war. This would have been a strong motivating factor for African Americans to enlist in the Union Army, as they saw an opportunity to fight for their own freedom and the freedom of others who were enslaved. The Proclamation also signaled a shift in the Union's stance on slavery, making it clear that the war was not just about preserving the Union but also about ending the institution of slavery. Consequently, African Americans believed that by joining the Union Army, they could actively contribute to the abolition of slavery.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Who urged LIncoln to free the slaves as a war tactic, as well as a moral issue?
- A.
Harriet Tubman
- B.
Frederick Douglass
- C.
Jefferson Davis
- D.
Ulysses S. Grant
Correct Answer
B. Frederick DouglassExplanation
Frederick Douglass urged Lincoln to free the slaves as a war tactic, as well as a moral issue. Douglass was an influential African American abolitionist and social reformer who believed that freeing the slaves would weaken the Confederacy and strengthen the Union's cause during the Civil War. He argued that emancipating the slaves would not only be a just and moral action but also a strategic move to undermine the South's economy and military power. Douglass's advocacy played a significant role in shaping Lincoln's views on emancipation and ultimately led to the issuance of the Emancipation Proclamation.Rate this question:
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- 29.
What was true of the 54th Massachusetts Regiment?
- A.
They were a group of African American soldiers who fought without pay, rather than accept less pay than white soldiers
- B.
They increased the popularity and enlistment of African American soldiers in the Union army
- C.
All of the answer choice are correct
- D.
They won fame for fighting bravely at Fort Wagner
Correct Answer
C. All of the answer choice are correctExplanation
The 54th Massachusetts Regiment was a group of African American soldiers who fought without pay, rather than accept less pay than white soldiers. They also increased the popularity and enlistment of African American soldiers in the Union army. Additionally, they won fame for their bravery in the Battle of Fort Wagner.Rate this question:
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