U.S. History Semester 1 Final Exam

Thomas Jefferson was not the State Department head under Washington. The correct answer is that the State Department head under Washington was Thomas Jefferson.

Samuel Gompers is the correct answer for the question "Who started the American Federation of Labor?". Gompers was a prominent labor leader and the founder of the American Federation of Labor (AFL) in 1886. He served as the president of the AFL for almost four decades and played a significant role in advocating for workers' rights and improving working conditions. Gompers' leadership and influence were instrumental in shaping the labor movement in the United States.

The correct answer is Utah, Utah because it is the settlement area of successful Mormons. The Mormons, also known as the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, migrated to Utah in the mid-19th century under the leadership of Brigham Young. They established a prosperous and thriving community in Utah, where they could practice their religious beliefs freely. The state of Utah became synonymous with Mormonism and is still predominantly influenced by the religion today.

The XYZ affair refers to a diplomatic incident between the United States and France in the late 18th century. It involved three French agents, referred to as X, Y, and Z, who demanded bribes from American diplomats in order to negotiate a settlement between the two countries. The affair caused public outrage in the United States and led to increased anti-French sentiment among the American population. This incident strained relations between the two countries and eventually led to an undeclared naval war known as the Quasi-War.

Dorothea Dix taught religion in jails and mental institutes and fought for better conditions.

The correct answer for the President during the Mexican-American War is James Polk. James K. Polk served as the 11th President of the United States from 1845 to 1849 and was in office during the Mexican-American War, which took place from 1846 to 1848.

Muller vs. Oregon is the correct answer because it was a landmark Supreme Court case in 1908 that upheld an Oregon law limiting the work hours for women. The case argued that the physical and biological differences between men and women justified the need for protective labor legislation for women. The decision in this case allowed for the establishment of laws that protected women's rights in the workplace and recognized the need for special considerations for women due to their unique circumstances.

Du Bois viewed integration as the key to everything.

"Uncle Tom's Cabin" angered the south because it spread Anti-Slavery ideals. The novel, written by Harriet Beecher Stowe, depicted the harsh realities of slavery and the cruelty inflicted upon enslaved individuals. It portrayed sympathetic African American characters and highlighted the inhumanity of the institution of slavery. The south, heavily reliant on slave labor, saw the book as a threat to their economic and social system, and it further fueled tensions between the north and the south leading up to the American Civil War.

The Algonquians lived in wigwams.

The Caravel had a significant impact on the Portuguese as it led to increased trade and exploration. This innovative ship design allowed the Portuguese to navigate more efficiently and explore new territories. With the Caravel, they were able to establish new trade routes, expand their commerce, and explore distant lands. This ultimately contributed to the growth of Portuguese influence and dominance in global trade during the Age of Discovery.

The correct answer is "Wilmot Proviso." The Wilmot Proviso was a proposed amendment to a bill in 1846 that aimed to ban slavery in any territory acquired from Mexico during the Mexican-American War. It was introduced by David Wilmot, a representative from Pennsylvania, and although it did not become law, it sparked significant debate and controversy over the issue of slavery in the territories. The misspellings "Wilmont Priviso" and "Wilmont Privoso" are incorrect variations of the correct term.

The importance of the Seneca Falls Convention lies in its significance as the first woman's rights convention. It marked a pivotal moment in the women's suffrage movement in the United States, as it brought together influential figures like Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott to discuss and advocate for women's rights. The convention resulted in the drafting of the Declaration of Sentiments, which demanded equal rights for women, including the right to vote. This event laid the foundation for future activism and the eventual achievement of women's suffrage in the United States.

John Marshall, as Chief Justice, established Judicial Review. This refers to the power of the Supreme Court to interpret and determine the constitutionality of laws passed by Congress. Marshall's landmark decision in Marbury v. Madison in 1803 solidified this power, asserting that the Court had the authority to declare acts of Congress unconstitutional. This significant accomplishment shaped the balance of power between the three branches of government and established the principle of judicial supremacy in the United States.

Antonio Lopex de Santa Anna seized power in 1834 during the Mexico City revolt.

The Appomattox Court House holds significance because it was the location where General Robert E. Lee surrendered to General Ulysses S. Grant, effectively ending the American Civil War. This surrender marked a major turning point in the war and led to the eventual reunification of the United States.

The correct answer is "Pull them up by their own bootstraps." This phrase is often attributed to Booker T. Washington and is used to describe the idea of self-reliance and hard work. It implies that individuals should take responsibility for their own success and not rely on others to lift them up. Washington, a prominent African-American leader and educator, believed in the importance of self-help and economic independence for the African-American community. This phrase encapsulates his philosophy of personal responsibility and determination.

During his presidency, George Washington established the Cabinet, which is a group of advisors that assist the President in making important decisions. The Cabinet consists of the heads of various government departments, such as the Secretary of State, Secretary of the Treasury, and Secretary of Defense. These individuals provide expertise and guidance to the President, helping him govern effectively. The establishment of the Cabinet was an important development in the early years of the United States, as it helped to establish a system of checks and balances within the government.

The Dred Scott case established that slaves were considered property of their owners. This decision was made by the Supreme Court in 1857 and had significant implications for the status of slaves in the United States. The court ruled that slaves were not citizens and therefore did not have the right to sue in federal court. Additionally, the decision stated that Congress did not have the power to prohibit slavery in the territories, effectively overturning the Missouri Compromise. This decision further entrenched the institution of slavery and fueled tensions between the North and the South leading up to the Civil War.

War Hawks is the correct answer because they were a group of Southern and Western politicians in the early 19th century who advocated for a strong and aggressive foreign policy. They believed in expanding American territory through war and were particularly interested in acquiring more land from Britain and Spain. They wanted to protect American interests and promote American nationalism. The other options, Marylands, Southwest Birds, and Wig Party, are not relevant to the question and do not represent the Southern and Westerners who wanted a strong nation.

The McCulloch vs. Maryland case increased federal power. This landmark Supreme Court case, decided in 1819, established the principle of implied powers and upheld the constitutionality of the Bank of the United States. The ruling stated that the federal government had the authority to create the bank, and that states could not tax it. This decision strengthened the power of the federal government and affirmed its supremacy over state governments in certain areas.

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The Wig Party was created in response to Andrew Jackson voting to renew the National Bank. The party was formed by individuals who opposed Jackson's decision and believed that the National Bank was unconstitutional and gave too much power to the federal government. They saw it as a threat to states' rights and believed in a strict interpretation of the Constitution. The Wig Party aimed to limit the power of the federal government and promote a more decentralized system of governance.