A Quiz On Types Of Plate Boundaries And Earth's Interior Layers

The correct answer is divergent, convergent & transform. These are the three types of boundaries that exist between tectonic plates. Divergent boundaries occur when plates move apart, creating new crust. Convergent boundaries occur when plates collide, causing one plate to be forced beneath the other. Transform boundaries occur when plates slide past each other horizontally. These three types of boundaries are responsible for various geological phenomena such as the formation of new crust, earthquakes, and the creation of mountain ranges.

The three basic layers of the Earth's interior are the core, mantle, and crust. The core is the innermost layer and is composed of a solid inner core and a liquid outer core. The mantle is the middle layer and is mostly solid, although it can flow like a thick liquid over long periods of time. The crust is the outermost layer and is the thinnest layer, making up the Earth's surface.

A divergent boundary creates sea floor spreading. This type of boundary occurs when two tectonic plates move away from each other, causing magma to rise up from the mantle and create new oceanic crust. As the magma cools and solidifies, it forms a new sea floor. This process is responsible for the formation of mid-ocean ridges and the continuous expansion of the ocean basins.

Convection currents occur in the mantle (asthenosphere). The mantle is the layer of the Earth located between the crust and the outer core. It is composed of semi-solid rock that can flow slowly over long periods of time. Convection currents are caused by the heat from the core and the radioactive decay of elements within the mantle. As the mantle heats up, it becomes less dense and rises towards the surface, while the cooler, denser material sinks back down. This continuous cycle of rising and sinking creates convection currents in the mantle.

The correct answer is Oceanic-Continental, Oceanic-Oceanic, and Continental-Continental. These are the three types of convergent boundaries where tectonic plates collide. In an Oceanic-Continental convergent boundary, an oceanic plate subducts beneath a continental plate, forming a trench and a volcanic mountain range. In an Oceanic-Oceanic convergent boundary, two oceanic plates collide, resulting in the formation of volcanic islands and trenches. In a Continental-Continental convergent boundary, two continental plates collide, causing the formation of fold mountains.

The Continental Crust is the outermost layer of the Earth's crust that forms the continents. It is thicker compared to the Oceanic Crust. The given answer of 35-70 km indicates the range of thickness for the Continental Crust. This means that the Continental Crust can vary in thickness, with the minimum thickness being 35 km and the maximum thickness being 70 km.

The Earth's inner core is solid and made up of iron. This is supported by scientific evidence, including seismic wave studies, which have shown that the inner core is a solid sphere composed primarily of iron and nickel. The extreme pressure at the center of the Earth keeps the iron in a solid state, despite the high temperatures. The inner core is believed to be approximately 1,220 kilometers in radius and is surrounded by the liquid outer core.

The crust is the correct answer because it is the outermost layer of the Earth and is composed of solid rock. It is also the thinnest layer compared to the other options. The tectonic plates, which are responsible for the movement and interaction of continents and ocean basins, are located within the crust.

A convergent boundary creates a subduction zone. In a convergent boundary, two tectonic plates are moving towards each other. When an oceanic plate collides with a continental plate, the denser oceanic plate is forced beneath the less dense continental plate. This process is known as subduction, and it creates a subduction zone. Subduction zones are characterized by intense geological activity, including earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.

Transform boundaries create faults. These boundaries occur when two tectonic plates slide past each other horizontally. The movement of the plates can cause stress and pressure to build up, leading to the formation of faults. Faults are fractures in the Earth's crust where rocks on either side have moved relative to each other. Transform boundaries are commonly associated with earthquakes due to the release of energy along these faults.