Top 200 - Infectious Diseases 1a
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Quiz on the first set of Top 200 ID drugs available. Includes Pencillins, Cephalosporins, and Macrolides.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Which of the following is the generic name for Veetids:
- A.
Amoxicillin/Clavulanate
- B.
Erythromycin
- C.
Penicillin
- D.
Ciprofloxacin
- E.
Chlorhexidine
Correct Answer
C. PenicillinExplanation
Penicillin is the generic name for Veetids. Veetids is a brand name for a medication that contains the antibiotic penicillin. Penicillin is commonly prescribed to treat various bacterial infections. It works by inhibiting the growth of bacteria and preventing them from forming cell walls. Therefore, penicillin is the correct answer as it accurately represents the generic name for Veetids.Rate this question:
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- 2.
The generic for Amoxil is?
Correct Answer
Explanation
Amoxil is a brand name for the generic drug amoxicillin. The generic name of a drug refers to its active ingredient, which is the same regardless of the brand name. Therefore, the generic for Amoxil is amoxicillin.Rate this question:
- 3.
The brand for amoxicillin is?
Correct Answer
- 4.
Augment or Augmentin ES-600 has what in it?
Correct Answer
amoxicillin/clavulanateExplanation
Augment or Augmentin ES-600 contains amoxicillin/clavulanate. Amoxicillin is an antibiotic that belongs to the penicillin group and is effective against a wide range of bacteria. Clavulanate is a beta-lactamase inhibitor that helps to prevent the breakdown of amoxicillin by certain bacteria, thereby enhancing its effectiveness. The combination of amoxicillin and clavulanate in Augmentin ES-600 provides a broader spectrum of activity against bacteria and helps to overcome resistance.Rate this question:
- 5.
Amoxicillin/clavulanate is also known as what?
Correct Answer
Augmentin
Augmentin ES-600Explanation
Amoxicillin/clavulanate is commonly known by the brand name Augmentin. Augmentin ES-600 is a specific formulation of Amoxicillin/clavulanate that is used for certain infections in children. Both Augmentin and Augmentin ES-600 contain the same active ingredients, but they may have different strengths or dosage forms. Therefore, both Augmentin and Augmentin ES-600 are alternative names for Amoxicillin/clavulanate.Rate this question:
- 6.
What do Penicillins do?
Correct Answer
inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin binding proteins and inhibiting peptidoglycan synthesisExplanation
Penicillins are a type of antibiotics that work by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. They achieve this by binding to specific proteins called penicillin binding proteins, which are essential for the formation of the bacterial cell wall. By binding to these proteins, penicillins prevent the synthesis of peptidoglycan, a key component of the cell wall. As a result, the bacterial cell wall becomes weak and fragile, leading to the death of the bacteria.Rate this question:
- 7.
Penicillin is active for what kind of bacteria?
- A.
Strep species
- B.
Staph species
- C.
Haemophilus species
- D.
Escherichia species
- E.
Proteus species
Correct Answer(s)
A. Strep species
B. Staph speciesExplanation
Penicillin is active against both Strep species and Staph species of bacteria. Strep species refer to bacteria belonging to the Streptococcus genus, which includes bacteria that cause various infections such as strep throat and skin infections. Staph species refer to bacteria belonging to the Staphylococcus genus, which includes bacteria that cause infections such as skin infections, pneumonia, and bloodstream infections. Penicillin works by inhibiting the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall, leading to bacterial death. Therefore, it is effective against both Strep and Staph species.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Penicillin is active against:
- A.
Gram - bacilli
- B.
Gram + bacilli
- C.
Gram - cocci
- D.
Gram + cocci
Correct Answer
D. Gram + cocciExplanation
Penicillin is effective against Gram + cocci because it targets the peptidoglycan layer in the cell wall of bacteria. Gram + cocci have a thick peptidoglycan layer, making them susceptible to penicillin. On the other hand, Gram - bacteria have an outer membrane that acts as a barrier, making them less susceptible to penicillin. Bacilli and cocci refer to the shape of bacteria, and the Gram staining technique is used to classify bacteria based on their cell wall composition.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Penicillin is vulnerable to:
Correct Answer
penicillinase bacterial resistanceExplanation
Penicillin is vulnerable to penicillinase bacterial resistance. Penicillinase is an enzyme produced by certain bacteria that breaks down penicillin and renders it ineffective. This resistance mechanism is a common problem in the treatment of bacterial infections with penicillin, as it reduces the drug's effectiveness. Bacteria that produce penicillinase are able to survive and multiply even in the presence of penicillin, leading to treatment failure. Therefore, penicillinase bacterial resistance poses a significant challenge in the successful use of penicillin as an antibiotic.Rate this question:
- 10.
Penicillin is ineffective against:
Correct Answer
Staph aureusExplanation
Penicillin is ineffective against Staph aureus because Staph aureus has developed resistance to penicillin. This resistance is primarily due to the production of an enzyme called penicillinase, which breaks down penicillin and renders it ineffective. As a result, penicillin cannot effectively target and kill Staph aureus bacteria, making it an ineffective treatment option for infections caused by this particular bacterium.Rate this question:
- 11.
Amoxicillin can act against what bacteria:
Correct Answer
Haemophilus influenzae, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis
Haemophilus influenzae
Escherichia coli
Proteus mirabilisExplanation
Amoxicillin is an antibiotic that is effective against a wide range of bacteria. It can act against Haemophilus influenzae, Escherichia coli, and Proteus mirabilis. These bacteria are commonly associated with various infections in the body, and amoxicillin works by inhibiting the growth and multiplication of these bacteria. Therefore, it is an effective treatment option for infections caused by these specific bacteria.Rate this question:
- 12.
Amoxicillin is vulnerable to what? And where are these found?
Correct Answer
beta-lactamase bacterial resistance in clinical isolatesExplanation
Amoxicillin is vulnerable to beta-lactamase bacterial resistance in clinical isolates. Beta-lactamase is an enzyme produced by certain bacteria that can break down the beta-lactam ring structure found in antibiotics like amoxicillin. This resistance mechanism allows the bacteria to inactivate the antibiotic and render it ineffective. Clinical isolates refer to bacteria that have been obtained from patients in a clinical setting, such as hospitals or clinics. Therefore, this resistance mechanism can be found in bacteria that have been isolated from patients in these settings.Rate this question:
- 13.
Clavulanate is what?
Correct Answer
beta-lactamase inhibitorExplanation
Clavulanate is a beta-lactamase inhibitor. Beta-lactamase is an enzyme produced by certain bacteria that can break down and inactivate beta-lactam antibiotics, such as penicillins and cephalosporins. Clavulanate works by binding to and inhibiting the beta-lactamase enzyme, allowing the beta-lactam antibiotics to remain effective against the bacteria. This combination of clavulanate with a beta-lactam antibiotic is often used to treat bacterial infections caused by beta-lactamase-producing bacteria, enhancing the effectiveness of the antibiotic treatment.Rate this question:
- 14.
Clavulanate with amoxicillin does what?
Correct Answer
extends the activity of beta-lactamase producing strains of staph, H. flu, and E. coliExplanation
Clavulanate with amoxicillin extends the activity of beta-lactamase producing strains of staph, H. flu, and E. coli. Beta-lactamase is an enzyme produced by certain bacteria that can inactivate antibiotics like amoxicillin. Clavulanate is a beta-lactamase inhibitor that prevents the inactivation of amoxicillin by binding to the enzyme. This combination therapy allows amoxicillin to remain effective against these strains of bacteria, increasing its activity and improving treatment outcomes.Rate this question:
- 15.
Penicillins are used for the indications of what locations (5 total)?
Correct Answer
respiratory tract, otitis media, sinusitis, skin, and urinary tractExplanation
Penicillins are a class of antibiotics that are commonly used to treat various infections caused by bacteria. The indications listed in the answer - respiratory tract, otitis media, sinusitis, skin, and urinary tract - represent different locations in the body where these infections can occur. Penicillins are effective in treating respiratory tract infections such as pneumonia, bronchitis, and tonsillitis. They are also used to treat otitis media (middle ear infection), sinusitis (sinus infection), skin infections like cellulitis and impetigo, and urinary tract infections.Rate this question:
- 16.
Contraindications for Penicillins are?
Correct Answer
anaphylactic reaction to any penicillinExplanation
The contraindications for Penicillins are anaphylactic reactions to any penicillin. This means that if a person has experienced a severe allergic reaction to any type of penicillin in the past, they should not take any form of penicillin medication. Anaphylactic reactions can be life-threatening and can include symptoms such as difficulty breathing, swelling of the face or throat, and a rapid drop in blood pressure. It is important for healthcare providers to be aware of a patient's allergy history and avoid prescribing penicillins to individuals with a known anaphylactic reaction to any penicillin.Rate this question:
- 17.
What do you do with Penicillin doses with renal impaired patients?
Correct Answer
adjust the doseExplanation
In renal impaired patients, the kidneys are not functioning properly, which can affect the clearance of medications from the body. Since Penicillin is primarily eliminated through the kidneys, adjusting the dose is necessary to avoid the accumulation of the drug and potential toxicity. By adjusting the dose, healthcare professionals can ensure that the patient receives an appropriate amount of Penicillin that takes into account their impaired renal function. This helps to maintain therapeutic efficacy while minimizing the risk of adverse effects.Rate this question:
- 18.
All of the following are adverse reactions with Penicillins EXCEPT?
- A.
Mild diarrhea
- B.
Nausea
- C.
Headache
- D.
Thrush
- E.
Vaginal candidiasis
Correct Answer
C. HeadacheExplanation
The question asks for an adverse reaction that is NOT associated with Penicillins. Headache is not commonly reported as an adverse reaction to Penicillins, unlike the other options listed. Mild diarrhea, nausea, thrush, and vaginal candidiasis are known adverse reactions that can occur with Penicillins. Therefore, the correct answer is headache.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Which of the following are adverse reactions with Penicillins?
- A.
Headache
- B.
Nausea
- C.
Extreme diarrhea
- D.
Allergy-rash
- E.
Vaginal candidiasis
Correct Answer(s)
B. Nausea
D. Allergy-rash
E. Vaginal candidiasisExplanation
Penicillins are a class of antibiotics that can cause certain adverse reactions. Nausea is a common side effect of taking penicillins, which can cause discomfort and an upset stomach. Allergy-rash is another adverse reaction that can occur with penicillins, where individuals may develop a rash or hives as an allergic response to the medication. Vaginal candidiasis, also known as a yeast infection, can also be a side effect of penicillin use, as the antibiotic can disrupt the natural balance of bacteria in the body, leading to an overgrowth of yeast in the vagina.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Which of the following are adverse reactions with Penicillins?
- A.
Mild diarrhea
- B.
Nausea
- C.
Oral candidiasis
- D.
Vaginal candidiasis
- E.
Hives
Correct Answer(s)
A. Mild diarrhea
B. Nausea
C. Oral candidiasis
D. Vaginal candidiasis
E. HivesExplanation
Penicillins can cause adverse reactions such as mild diarrhea, nausea, oral candidiasis, vaginal candidiasis, and hives. Mild diarrhea and nausea are common side effects of penicillin use. Oral candidiasis, also known as thrush, is a fungal infection that can occur in the mouth as a result of taking penicillins. Vaginal candidiasis, or yeast infection, may also develop in women using penicillins. Hives, or urticaria, are a type of skin rash that can be triggered by an allergic reaction to penicillins.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Which of the following are rare adverse reactions with Penicillins?
- A.
Allergy-rash
- B.
Nausea
- C.
Hives
- D.
Thrush
- E.
Mild diarrhea
Correct Answer(s)
A. Allergy-rash
C. HivesExplanation
Penicillins are known to cause allergic reactions in some individuals, which can manifest as rashes or hives. These adverse reactions are considered rare because not everyone who takes penicillins will experience them. Nausea, thrush, and mild diarrhea are more common side effects of penicillins and are not considered rare.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Which of the following are rare adverse reactions with Penicillins?
- A.
Yeast infection
- B.
Mild diarrhea
- C.
Shortness of breath
- D.
Nausea
- E.
Hives
Correct Answer(s)
C. Shortness of breath
E. HivesExplanation
Shortness of breath and hives are considered rare adverse reactions with Penicillins. While yeast infection, mild diarrhea, and nausea are more common side effects, shortness of breath and hives occur less frequently. These reactions may indicate an allergic reaction to the medication and should be reported to a healthcare professional immediately.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Penicillins are eliminated through which process?
- A.
Urinary elimination
- B.
Renal elimination
Correct Answer
B. Renal eliminationExplanation
Penicillins are eliminated through renal elimination, which means they are excreted from the body through the kidneys. This process involves the filtration of penicillins from the blood into the urine by the kidneys. Renal elimination is an important route of elimination for many drugs, including penicillins, as it allows for the removal of these substances from the body and helps maintain drug levels within a therapeutic range.Rate this question:
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- 24.
How should a patient be monitored when taking Penicillins?
Correct Answer
signs of anaphylaxis during first dose
white blood cell count and febrile status
baseline serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen if renal impairment is suspectedExplanation
Patients taking Penicillins should be monitored for signs of anaphylaxis during the first dose. Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction that can occur immediately after taking the medication. Monitoring for signs such as difficulty breathing, hives, swelling, and low blood pressure is important to ensure prompt medical intervention if needed. Additionally, monitoring the white blood cell count and febrile status can help detect any potential infections or adverse reactions to the medication. Lastly, baseline serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen should be monitored if there is a suspicion of renal impairment, as Penicillins can affect kidney function.Rate this question:
- 25.
If renal impairment is suspected, how should a patient be monitored for Penicillins?
Correct Answer
baseline serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogenExplanation
Patients should be monitored for Penicillins by obtaining baseline serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels. This is because renal impairment can affect the excretion of Penicillins from the body, leading to potential toxicity. By measuring these parameters before starting Penicillin therapy, healthcare providers can assess the baseline kidney function and adjust the dosage accordingly to prevent any adverse effects. Regular monitoring of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels during treatment can help detect any changes in renal function and guide further management if necessary.Rate this question:
- 26.
What is increased when Penicillins are taken?
Correct Answer
oral contraceptive failureExplanation
When Penicillins are taken, it can increase the risk of oral contraceptive failure. This is because Penicillins can affect the metabolism of hormones in the body, including those found in oral contraceptives. This can lead to a decrease in the effectiveness of the contraceptive and increase the chances of pregnancy. It is important for individuals taking Penicillins to use alternative methods of contraception or consult with their healthcare provider to ensure adequate protection against pregnancy.Rate this question:
- 27.
When Penicillins are taken what should women on oral contraceptives be told?
Correct Answer
there is an increased risk of contraceptive failureExplanation
Women on oral contraceptives should be informed that taking Penicillins can potentially increase the risk of contraceptive failure. This is because Penicillins can interfere with the effectiveness of oral contraceptives, reducing their ability to prevent pregnancy. It is important for women to be aware of this potential interaction and to consider using additional methods of contraception, such as condoms, while taking Penicillins to ensure effective contraception.Rate this question:
- 28.
What is one drug-drug interaction with Penicillins?
Correct Answer
Explanation
Penicillins can interact with oral contraceptives, reducing their effectiveness and increasing the risk of unintended pregnancy. This interaction occurs because penicillins can alter the gut flora, which in turn affects the metabolism of estrogen in oral contraceptives. It is recommended to use alternative or additional methods of contraception while taking penicillins to ensure effectiveness.Rate this question:
- 29.
How is Augmentin dosing based?
Correct Answer
amoxicillin componentExplanation
Augmentin dosing is based on the amoxicillin component. Augmentin is a combination antibiotic that contains amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium. The amoxicillin component is responsible for the antibacterial activity of the medication. The dosing of Augmentin is determined based on the specific condition being treated, the severity of the infection, and the patient's age and weight. The amoxicillin component plays a crucial role in determining the appropriate dosage of Augmentin to ensure effective treatment of bacterial infections.Rate this question:
- 30.
Which component of Augmentin determines the dosing?
Correct Answer
amoxicillinExplanation
The dosing of Augmentin is determined by the component amoxicillin. Amoxicillin is an antibiotic that is commonly used to treat various bacterial infections. The dosage of Augmentin, which is a combination medication containing amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium, is based on the specific condition being treated, the severity of the infection, and the patient's age and weight. Amoxicillin is a crucial component in determining the appropriate dose of Augmentin to effectively treat the infection.Rate this question:
- 31.
Which of the following counseling highlights should be explained when taking Penicillins?
- A.
Take the entire course of medication.
- B.
Report mild diarrhea promptly.
- C.
Suspensions should be shaken before use.
- D.
There may be an increased risk of oral contraceptive failure.
- E.
Store tablets in the refrigerator.
Correct Answer(s)
A. Take the entire course of medication.
C. Suspensions should be shaken before use.
D. There may be an increased risk of oral contraceptive failure.Explanation
When taking Penicillins, it is important to emphasize the following counseling highlights:
1. Take the entire course of medication: This is crucial to ensure that the infection is completely treated and to prevent the development of antibiotic resistance.
2. Suspensions should be shaken before use: Shaking the suspension ensures that the medication is evenly distributed, allowing for accurate dosing.
3. There may be an increased risk of oral contraceptive failure: Penicillins can reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives, so it is important to use alternative methods of contraception during antibiotic treatment.
These counseling points help ensure that the medication is taken correctly, potential drug interactions are addressed, and the efficacy of treatment is maximized.Rate this question:
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- 32.
Which of the following counseling highlights should be explained when taking Penicillins?
- A.
Report severe diarrhea promptly.
- B.
Stop taking the medication when you feel better.
- C.
Suspensions should be taken at intervals around the clock.
- D.
Males should report symptoms of vaginitis
- E.
Store suspensions in the refrigerator
Correct Answer(s)
A. Report severe diarrhea promptly.
C. Suspensions should be taken at intervals around the clock.
E. Store suspensions in the refrigeratorExplanation
When taking Penicillins, it is important to report severe diarrhea promptly as it could be a sign of a serious side effect. Additionally, suspensions should be taken at intervals around the clock to maintain a consistent level of the medication in the body. Finally, it is advisable to store suspensions in the refrigerator to maintain their effectiveness.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Which of the following counseling highlights should be explained when taking Penicillins?
- A.
Females should report symptoms of thrush.
- B.
May increase the effectiveness of oral contraceptives.
- C.
Suspensions should be stored at room temperature.
- D.
Take the entire medication regimen regardless of how they feel.
- E.
Report sever diarrhea promptly.
Correct Answer(s)
D. Take the entire medication regimen regardless of how they feel.
E. Report sever diarrhea promptly.Explanation
When taking Penicillins, it is important to emphasize the need to take the entire medication regimen, even if the individual starts feeling better. This is because stopping the medication prematurely can lead to the reoccurrence of the infection or the development of antibiotic resistance. Additionally, severe diarrhea should be reported promptly as it may be a sign of a serious side effect or a superinfection.Rate this question:
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- 34.
Which of the following counseling highlights should be explained when taking Penicillins?
- A.
Suspensions should be shaken well before each dose.
- B.
Suspensions should be taken at intervals around-the-clock
- C.
Suspensions should be saved for later use once the patient feels better.
- D.
Suspensions should be stored in the refrigerator.
- E.
Suspensions may decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives.
Correct Answer(s)
A. Suspensions should be shaken well before each dose.
B. Suspensions should be taken at intervals around-the-clock
D. Suspensions should be stored in the refrigerator.
E. Suspensions may decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives.Explanation
The counseling highlights that should be explained when taking Penicillins include: suspensions should be shaken well before each dose to ensure proper mixing of the medication, suspensions should be taken at intervals around-the-clock to maintain a consistent level of the medication in the body, suspensions should be stored in the refrigerator to maintain their stability and effectiveness, and suspensions may decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives, so alternative methods of contraception should be considered.Rate this question:
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- 35.
Which of the following counseling highlights should be explained when taking Penicillins?
- A.
Report severe diarrhea promptly.
- B.
Females should report symptoms of vaginitis
- C.
Entire medication course should be taken regardless of how the patient feels.
- D.
Suspensions should be stored in the refrigerator, shaken before each dose, and taken at intervals around the clock.
- E.
May decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives.
Correct Answer(s)
A. Report severe diarrhea promptly.
B. Females should report symptoms of vaginitis
C. Entire medication course should be taken regardless of how the patient feels.
D. Suspensions should be stored in the refrigerator, shaken before each dose, and taken at intervals around the clock.
E. May decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives.Explanation
When taking Penicillins, it is important to report severe diarrhea promptly as it may indicate a serious side effect of the medication. Females should also report symptoms of vaginitis, as this could be a sign of a vaginal infection that may require treatment. It is crucial to complete the entire medication course, even if the patient starts feeling better, to ensure that the infection is fully treated and prevent antibiotic resistance. Suspensions should be stored in the refrigerator, shaken before each dose, and taken at intervals around the clock to maintain their effectiveness. Additionally, Penicillins may decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives, so alternative methods of contraception should be used during treatment.Rate this question:
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- 36.
What is the generic for Keflex?
Correct Answer(s)
cephalexinExplanation
The generic name for Keflex is cephalexin. Generic names are the official names given to drugs that are not protected by a brand name patent. Cephalexin is a type of antibiotic medication that is commonly used to treat various bacterial infections. It belongs to the class of drugs known as cephalosporins and works by stopping the growth of bacteria. By using the generic name, healthcare professionals and patients can easily identify and prescribe or purchase the correct medication.Rate this question:
- 37.
What is the brand for cephalexin?
Correct Answer(s)
KeflexExplanation
Keflex is the brand name for cephalexin. This answer is correct because Keflex is a commonly known brand for cephalexin, which is an antibiotic medication used to treat various bacterial infections.Rate this question:
- 38.
What is the generic for Cefzil?
Correct Answer(s)
cefprozilExplanation
Cefzil is a brand name for the generic drug cefprozil. Therefore, the correct answer is cefprozil.Rate this question:
- 39.
What is the brand for cefprozil?
Correct Answer(s)
CefzilExplanation
Cefzil is the brand name for cefprozil.Rate this question:
- 40.
What is the generic for Ceftin?
Correct Answer(s)
cefuroximeExplanation
The generic name for Ceftin is cefuroxime. Ceftin is a brand name medication, and cefuroxime is the active ingredient in it. Generic drugs are equivalent to their brand name counterparts in terms of safety, effectiveness, and quality. Therefore, cefuroxime can be used as a cheaper alternative to Ceftin while providing the same therapeutic benefits.Rate this question:
- 41.
What is the brand for cefuroxime?
Correct Answer(s)
CeftinExplanation
Ceftin is the brand name for cefuroxime.Rate this question:
- 42.
What is the generic for Omnicef?
Correct Answer(s)
cefdinirExplanation
The generic name for Omnicef is cefdinir.Rate this question:
- 43.
What is the brand for cefdinir?
Correct Answer(s)
OmnicefExplanation
Omnicef is the brand name for cefdinir.Rate this question:
- 44.
What is the generic for Suprax?
Correct Answer(s)
cefiximeExplanation
The generic name for Suprax is cefixime.Rate this question:
- 45.
What is the brand for cefixime?
Correct Answer(s)
SupraxExplanation
Suprax is the brand name for the medication cefixime. Cefixime is an antibiotic that is used to treat various bacterial infections. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria in the body. Suprax is available in the form of tablets or suspension and is commonly prescribed by healthcare professionals to treat conditions such as respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, and gonorrhea.Rate this question:
- 46.
What do Cephalosporins do?
Correct Answer(s)
inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin binding proteins and inhibiting peptidoglycan synthesisExplanation
Cephalosporins are a class of antibiotics that work by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. They achieve this by binding to penicillin binding proteins, which are enzymes involved in the formation of the bacterial cell wall, and inhibiting the synthesis of peptidoglycan, a major component of the cell wall. By disrupting the cell wall, cephalosporins weaken the bacteria and make them more susceptible to destruction by the immune system or other antibiotics.Rate this question:
- 47.
Cephalexin is what generation of Cephalosporins?
Correct Answer(s)
first generationExplanation
Cephalexin belongs to the first generation of Cephalosporins. This generation of antibiotics was among the earliest developed and is effective against a wide range of gram-positive bacteria. First-generation Cephalosporins have a broad spectrum of activity, including coverage against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae. They are commonly used for treating skin and soft tissue infections, respiratory tract infections, and urinary tract infections.Rate this question:
- 48.
Cephalexin is very active against what kind of bacteria?
Correct Answer(s)
gram + bacteriaExplanation
Cephalexin is very effective against gram-positive bacteria. Gram-positive bacteria have a thick layer of peptidoglycan in their cell walls, making them more susceptible to the action of cephalexin. This antibiotic works by inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial cell walls, leading to the destruction of the bacteria. Gram-positive bacteria include Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Enterococcus species, among others.Rate this question:
- 49.
Cephalexin is marginally active against what kind of bacteria?
Correct Answer(s)
gram - bacteriaExplanation
Cephalexin is marginally active against gram-negative bacteria. Gram-negative bacteria have a more complex cell wall structure compared to gram-positive bacteria, making them less susceptible to certain antibiotics. Cephalexin is a first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic that primarily targets gram-positive bacteria, but it also has limited activity against some gram-negative bacteria. However, it is generally less effective against gram-negative bacteria compared to other antibiotics specifically designed to target them.Rate this question:
- 50.
First Generation Cephalosporins are active with which of the following?
- A.
Enterococci
- B.
Staph. epidermidis
- C.
Methicillin-resistant Staph
- D.
All of the Above
- E.
None of the Above
Correct Answer
E. None of the AboveExplanation
First Generation Cephalosporins are not active against Enterococci, Staph. epidermidis, or Methicillin-resistant Staph. These antibiotics are primarily effective against gram-positive bacteria, including some strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae. However, they do not have activity against Enterococci, which are gram-positive bacteria that are inherently resistant to first-generation cephalosporins. Staph. epidermidis and Methicillin-resistant Staph, which are both strains of Staphylococcus, are also resistant to first-generation cephalosporins due to the production of beta-lactamases. Therefore, the correct answer is None of the Above.Rate this question:
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