The Skeletal System Chapter 6: Joint Movements

Circumduction is the correct answer because it refers to the movement of a body part in a circular motion. This type of movement involves a combination of flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction, resulting in a circular path. Pronation, protraction, and flexion do not specifically involve circular motion.

Adduction refers to the movement of a body part towards the midline of the body. This movement involves bringing a body part closer to the center or midline of the body. For example, bringing the arm back to the side of the body from an outstretched position is an example of adduction. In contrast, abduction refers to the movement of a body part away from the midline of the body. Circumduction refers to a combination of movements that involve flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction, resulting in a circular motion. Retraction refers to the backward movement of a body part.

Extension refers to the movement that increases the angle between two body parts. In the context of straightening a flexed limb, extension is the correct answer because it involves straightening the limb and increasing the angle between the joints. Flexion, on the other hand, refers to the movement that decreases the angle between two body parts, which is the opposite of what is required in this situation. Circumduction involves a combination of movements in different directions, and abduction refers to moving a body part away from the midline, neither of which accurately describe straightening a flexed limb.

Retraction refers to the movement of a body part backwards. It involves pulling or drawing a body part backward or towards the midline of the body. This movement is opposite to protraction, which involves moving a body part forward. Extension refers to the straightening or increasing the angle of a joint, while abduction refers to the movement of a body part away from the midline of the body. Therefore, retraction is the correct answer as it accurately describes the movement of a body part backward.

Inversion refers to the movement of turning a body part inward. This movement involves the rotation of the body part towards the midline of the body. It is the opposite of eversion, which involves turning a body part outward. Therefore, the correct answer for this question is inversion.

Supination refers to the movement of the forearm and hand in which the palm is turned upward or facing forward. This position is achieved by rotating the radius bone of the forearm so that it lies parallel to the ulna bone. Supination is commonly observed when holding a bowl of soup or when performing movements such as throwing a ball or turning a doorknob. It is the opposite movement of pronation, where the palm is turned downward or facing backward.

Abduction is the correct answer because it refers to the movement of a body part away from the midline of the body. This movement typically occurs in the frontal plane and is opposite to adduction, which is the movement of a body part towards the midline. Protraction refers to the movement of a body part forward, while extension refers to the straightening or increasing the angle of a joint.

Flexing refers to the movement of a limb that decreases the angle between the bones of the limb. This movement typically occurs at a joint and involves the bending of the limb. It is the opposite of extension, which increases the angle between the bones. Circumduction refers to a combination of flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction movements, resulting in a circular motion. Eversion, on the other hand, refers to the outward turning of the foot or ankle. Therefore, the correct answer for the given question is flexing.

The correct answer is "synarthrosis, diarthrosis, ampiarthrosis." These are the three classifications of joints based on their degree of movement. Synarthrosis joints are immovable, diarthrosis joints are freely movable, and ampiarthrosis joints have limited movement.

Eversion refers to the movement of turning a body part outward. It is the opposite of inversion, which involves turning a body part inward. Dorsiflexion refers to the movement of bending the foot upward, while rotation refers to the movement of turning a body part around its axis. Therefore, eversion is the correct answer as it specifically describes the action of turning a body part outward.

Pronation refers to the movement of rotating the forearm so that the palm faces downwards. This is the opposite movement of supination, where the palm faces upwards. Rotation refers to the movement of turning a body part around its axis, while dorsiflexion refers to the movement of flexing the foot upwards. Therefore, the correct answer in this case is pronation, as it specifically describes the action of lying face downward.

Protraction refers to the movement of a body part forward, away from the midline of the body. It involves moving the body part in an anterior direction, such as when sticking out the jaw or pushing the shoulders forward. Circumduction, on the other hand, involves a circular movement of a body part, extension refers to straightening or increasing the angle of a joint, and retraction involves pulling a body part backward. Therefore, protraction is the most appropriate term to describe the movement of a body part forward.

Dorsiflexion refers to the movement of bending a body part, such as the foot or hand, backwards towards the body. It involves flexing the muscles on the front side of the body part, causing it to move in the opposite direction. This movement is commonly seen when lifting the foot towards the shin, as in walking or running uphill. Therefore, dorsiflexion is the appropriate term to describe the action of bending a body part backwards.