Sociology -- Chapter Four
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Final 05. 02. 12
- 1.Which of the following types of groups has a major function of providing people with a secure refuge in which they can act without fear of ridicule or rejection
- A.
Secondary groups
- B.
Reference groups
- C.
Primary groups
- D.
Social categories
- E.
In-groups
- 2.Which of the following groups would be LEAST like a primary group?
- A.
A business organization
- B.
A family
- C.
An athletic team
- D.
A friendship group
- E.
All of the above are considered primary
- 3.Out-grous
- A.
Are always primary groups
- B.
May be primary or secondary groups
- C.
Are always secondary groups
- D.
Are always large
- E.
Are always small
- 4.Reference groups most clearly do which of the following?
- A.
Serve as standards for people to evaluate their own attitudes and behaviors
- B.
Produce a sense of loyalty or "we" feeling
- C.
Make for task-oriented, impersonal exchanges between people
- D.
Involve personal, intimate, and nonspecialized relationships between people
- E.
Generate strong feelings of group loyalty and identification
- 5.Which of the following defines the groupings of people that sociologist identify as a social aggregate but not a social group?
- A.
They share some characteristic in common
- B.
They have interrelated statuses as a social aggregate
- C.
They are aware of themselves as a social aggregate
- D.
They are in the same place at the same time
- E.
Both A and C would be true of social aggregates
- 6.A manager overseeing the activities of a group of employees is most clearly an example of which type of leadership role?
- A.
Expressive
- B.
Task
- C.
Autocratic
- D.
Socioemotional
- E.
Both A and D
- 7.The process of pressuring group members to make decisions unanimously, sometimes at the expense of critical thinking, is called
- A.
Group polarization
- B.
Task leadership
- C.
Groupthink
- D.
Oligarchy
- E.
Organizational culture
- 8.Which of the following is true of bureaucratic organizations?
- A.
They are highly flexible and adaptive
- B.
They tend to encourage creativity and innovation
- C.
They are efficient at doing well-structured tasks
- D.
They are unstable organizations
- E.
They tend to be slow and inefficient for all task
- 9.In contrast with organizations based on the bureaucratic model, organizations based on the human relations model tend to
- A.
Place more stress on impartiality
- B.
Have a more rigid and extensive hierarchy of authority
- C.
Stress authoritative management
- D.
Give more emphasis for formal rules and procedures
- E.
Stress more participative management
- 10.Which of the following perspective would be most likely to view conflict as an unwanted element in an organization?
- A.
The conflict perspective
- B.
The functionalist perspective
- C.
The interactionist perspective
- D.
The negotiated order perspective
- E.
The bureaucratic perspective
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