Trivia: Quiz On Skin, Hair, And Nails! Test

Persons with hyperthyroidism have an increased metabolic rate, which means their body processes food and nutrients at a faster rate than normal. This increased metabolic rate can lead to an increase in body temperature, causing the person to feel warm. Additionally, hyperthyroidism can cause an increase in sweating, leading to moist skin. Therefore, the statement that persons with hyperthyroidism have warm, moist skin is true.

The nurse's observations of the patient's dark/dull skin, slightly blue conjunctivae, nail bed, and oral mucosa suggest that the patient may be suffering from cyanosis. Cyanosis is a condition characterized by a bluish discoloration of the skin, mucous membranes, and nail beds due to a lack of oxygen in the blood. This can be caused by various underlying conditions such as respiratory or cardiac problems that impair oxygenation.

Pallor refers to paleness of the skin, which can be easily noticed in light-skinned individuals. Anemia is a condition characterized by a decrease in red blood cells or hemoglobin, leading to reduced oxygen-carrying capacity. This can result in a pale appearance of the skin due to decreased blood flow and oxygenation. Therefore, pallor is a visible sign that can help in detecting anemia in light-skinned people. Cyanosis refers to a bluish discoloration of the skin, indicating inadequate oxygenation, while jaundice and carotenemia are not directly related to anemia.

Onycholysis is not typically associated with a fungal infection. It refers to the separation of the nail plate from the nail bed. While fungal infections (onychomycosis) can cause changes in the nails, onycholysis itself is more commonly associated with other factors such as trauma, psoriasis, allergic reactions, or underlying medical conditions. The statement in question does not accurately describe onycholysis as a slow, persistent fungal infection.

The description provided of a fiery red, star-shaped marking with a solid circular center on the face is consistent with a Spider or Star Angioma. Spider or Star Angiomas are vascular skin lesions characterized by a central arteriole surrounded by radiating dilated capillaries, giving it a spider-like appearance. These lesions are commonly seen in individuals with liver disease or alcoholism due to increased estrogen levels and liver dysfunction.

Vitiligo is the correct answer because it is a condition characterized by patchy depigmentation caused by the destruction of melanocytes. The affected areas have milky white spots that are often symmetrically bilateral, meaning they appear on both sides of the body. Jaundice is not the correct answer because it refers to a yellowing of the skin and eyes due to liver dysfunction. Albinism is also incorrect as it is a genetic condition characterized by the absence of pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes. Venous stasis is unrelated to depigmentation and refers to poor circulation in the veins.

The nurse notices small smooth, slightly raised bright red dots on the 40-year-old female's trunk area. These spots are described as "normal" and are identified as Cherry (senile) angioma. This is a common benign skin condition that often occurs in middle-aged and older adults. The spots are caused by an overgrowth of blood vessels in the skin and are typically bright red or purple in color. They are usually harmless and do not require treatment unless they cause discomfort or bleeding.

Herpes Zoster (shingles) may be described as small grouped vesicles that emerge along the route of cutaneous sensory nerve. This condition is caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, which initially causes chickenpox. The virus remains dormant in the sensory nerve ganglia and can reactivate later in life, causing a painful rash with small vesicles that follow the path of the affected nerve. This characteristic distribution along the sensory nerve route distinguishes herpes zoster from other conditions listed.

Venous Lake is the correct answer because it describes lesions found on the legs near varicose veins, as well as on the face, lips, and ears. These lesions are blue-purple in color and the color disappears when pressure is applied. This is characteristic of venous lakes, which are benign vascular lesions caused by dilated blood vessels.

The correct answer is Actinic (senile or solar) keratosis. Actinic keratosis is a common variation of hyperpigmentation that occurs due to long-term sun exposure. It is characterized by red-tan scaly plaques on areas of the skin that are frequently exposed to the sun, such as the face and arms. This condition is more common in individuals over the age of 40 and is considered a precancerous lesion, as it can progress to squamous cell carcinoma if left untreated. Closed comedones, senile lentigines, and seborrheic keratosis are not associated with sun exposure and do not present with the described symptoms.

Epidemic Kaposi's sarcoma is a skin lesion associated with AIDS. It is a type of cancer that is caused by the human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) and commonly affects individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those with AIDS. It presents as purple or red patches, nodules, or tumors on the skin and can also affect other organs. Psoriasis, squamous cell carcinoma, and tinea capitis are not specifically associated with AIDS.

Pitting Edema that is graded as 3+ describes deep pitting where the indentation remains for a short time. This means that when pressure is applied to the swollen area, it leaves a deep indentation that takes a short amount of time to bounce back.

Lesions with blue-green fluorescence indicate fungal infections. Wood's light is a type of ultraviolet light that can be used to detect certain skin conditions. When the light is shone on the skin, certain substances or organisms can emit fluorescence, which can help in diagnosing the condition. In the case of fungal infections, the presence of blue-green fluorescence indicates the presence of certain pigments produced by the fungi. This can aid in distinguishing fungal infections from other conditions such as bacterial infections, common irritation, or leukonychia striata.

The nurse's documentation of a raised bright red area with well-defined borders that does not blanch with pressure is consistent with a strawberry mark, also known as an immature hemangioma. Telangiectases are small dilated blood vessels that appear as red lines or patterns on the skin, but they do not typically present as raised areas. Port-wine stain is a flat, pink or red birthmark that does not have well-defined borders. Primary contact dermatitis is an allergic reaction that typically causes redness, itching, and swelling, but it does not appear as a raised bright red area with well-defined borders.

Pustules have turbid fluid (pus) inside. They are circumscribed and elevated.

Petechiae are tiny punctuate hemorrhages that are typically 1 to 3 mm in size. They are round and discreet, and are caused by bleeding from superficial arteries. Impetigo is a bacterial skin infection, purpura refers to larger purple patches caused by bleeding under the skin, and a venous lake is a type of benign vascular lesion. Therefore, the correct answer is petechiae.

As people age, the amount of subcutaneous tissue in the clavicular area tends to decrease. This can make it more difficult to accurately assess turgor in this area. On the other hand, the abdomen typically retains a sufficient amount of subcutaneous tissue, making it a better site to test for turgor in the elderly. Therefore, the statement that the best area to test for turgor in the elderly is the abdomen is correct.

Toxic alopecia refers to hair loss caused by exposure to toxic substances, such as certain medications or chemicals. In this case, the hair loss is likely a result of the chemotherapy treatment the 45-year-old female is undergoing. The term "patchy asymmetric balding" suggests that the hair loss is not uniform and is occurring in different areas of the scalp. This aligns with the definition of toxic alopecia, making it the correct answer.

Confluent describes lesions that run together, meaning they merge or blend into one another. This term is often used to describe skin conditions where multiple individual lesions appear to form a larger, continuous area of affected skin.

Addison's Disease is characterized by a bronze appearance, also known as hyperpigmentation, which gives the skin a tanned or bronzed look. This occurs due to the insufficient production of cortisol and aldosterone by the adrenal glands. Cafe' au lait spots are light brown birthmarks, Albinism is a genetic condition characterized by a lack of pigmentation in the skin, hair, and eyes, and Herpes Zoster is a viral infection that causes a painful rash.

A contusion that is blue to green in color could be assessed as a bruise.

Callouses on the feet are often yellow but are not jaundice.

The correct answer is Port-Wine Stain (Nevus Flammeus). A port-wine stain is a type of vascular birthmark that appears as a flat macular patch on the skin. It can range in color from red, bluish, to purple. The intensity of the patch can be increased with crying, exertion, and exposure to heat or cold. This description matches the patient's symptoms, indicating that a port-wine stain is consistent with the findings. Hemangiomas are typically raised and have a strawberry-like appearance. Candidas refers to a fungal infection, which does not match the symptoms described.

Koilonychia is a term used to describe a spoon-shaped appearance of the nails. It is characterized by thin, depressed nails with the lateral edges tilting up. This condition can be caused by various factors such as iron deficiency anemia, trauma to the nail, or certain underlying medical conditions. The spooned appearance of the nails is a distinctive feature of koilonychia.

An assessment of skin texture that is noted as smoother, softer, and feels like velvet may be associated with hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland produces excessive amounts of thyroid hormone. One of the symptoms of hyperthyroidism is an increase in the metabolic rate, which can lead to increased blood flow to the skin and increased production of collagen and elastin. This can result in smoother, softer skin that feels like velvet.

Telangiectases is the correct answer because it refers to a vascular lesion caused by vascular dilation. It is characterized by permanently enlarged and dilated blood vessels that are visible on the skin surface. Malignant Melanoma is a type of skin cancer, Cavernous Hemangioma is a benign tumor made up of blood vessels, and Impetigo is a bacterial skin infection.

Trichotillomania is the best term to describe this self-induced hair loss condition. Trichotillomania is a psychological disorder characterized by the irresistible urge to pull out one's own hair, leading to hair loss and patches of varying lengths. In this case, the girl's habit of twisting and rubbing her hair has caused the irregular shaped patch of missing hair with hairs growing at different lengths. Traumatic alopecia refers to hair loss caused by physical trauma, Tinea Capitis is a fungal infection of the scalp, and Alopecia Areata is an autoimmune condition resulting in patchy hair loss.

Although Carbon monoxide is a type of erythema, the best answer to the question is carbon monoxide poisoning because of the specific description.

The given skin assessment findings of orange-green color, pallor of anemia, ecchymoses, and purpura suggest a possible diagnosis of uremia. Uremia is a condition characterized by the buildup of waste products in the blood due to kidney dysfunction. This can lead to changes in skin color, such as a yellowish or greenish tint, and can cause bruising (ecchymoses) and small bleeding under the skin (purpura). The other options, carotenemia, hyperemia, and cafe' au lait spots, do not align with the described skin assessment findings.

Telangiectases are dilated blood vessels near the surface of the skin. Venous lakes and spider or star angiomas are both types of telangiectases. Venous lakes are small, dark blue or purple blood vessels that appear on the lips or ears, while spider or star angiomas are red, spider-like blood vessels that often appear on the face or legs. Petechiae are small, flat red or purple spots caused by bleeding under the skin, and impetigo is a contagious skin infection.

Polycythemia is a condition characterized by an increased number of red blood cells in the body. This excess of red blood cells can cause the blood to become thick and viscous, leading to poor circulation and oxygenation. As a result, the appearance of a ruddy blue color may be observed in the face, oral mucosa, conjunctivae, hands, and feet. This discoloration is due to the inadequate oxygenation of tissues, resulting in a bluish tint known as cyanosis. Carbon monoxide poisoning can also cause cyanosis, but it is not the correct answer in this case. Uremia refers to the buildup of waste products in the blood due to kidney dysfunction and does not typically cause cyanosis.

When assessing a fair-skinned patient with jaundice, the yellow color can be observed in various areas. The sclera, which is the white part of the eye, may appear yellow due to the buildup of bilirubin. The skin may also have a yellowish tint, particularly noticeable in areas such as the face, abdomen, and extremities. Mucous membranes, such as the inside of the mouth and nose, can also exhibit a yellow hue. Lastly, the hard palate, which is the roof of the mouth, may show signs of jaundice as well.