Science 9, Unit 2

1. Which of the following pictures shows anaphase?

The correct answer is A,a. In anaphase, the sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite ends of the cell. In picture A, we can see two sets of chromosomes moving away from each other towards opposite poles of the cell. In picture a, we can also see the separation of sister chromatids as they move towards opposite ends. Both pictures accurately depict the process of anaphase.

Explanation

The correct answer is A,a. In anaphase, the sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite ends of the cell. In picture A, we can see two sets of chromosomes moving away from each other towards opposite poles of the cell. In picture a, we can also see the separation of sister chromatids as they move towards opposite ends. Both pictures accurately depict the process of anaphase.

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6. What stage of mitosis does this image show?

The image in question shows the metaphase stage of mitosis. In this stage, the chromosomes align along the equator of the cell, forming a single line called the metaphase plate. This alignment ensures that each daughter cell will receive the correct number of chromosomes during cell division. The duplicated chromosomes are fully condensed and attached to the spindle fibers, preparing for their separation in the subsequent stage of mitosis.

Explanation

The image in question shows the metaphase stage of mitosis. In this stage, the chromosomes align along the equator of the cell, forming a single line called the metaphase plate. This alignment ensures that each daughter cell will receive the correct number of chromosomes during cell division. The duplicated chromosomes are fully condensed and attached to the spindle fibers, preparing for their separation in the subsequent stage of mitosis.

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10.

What cellular structure is this?

The correct answer is "Golgi body." The Golgi body, also known as the Golgi apparatus or Golgi complex, is a cellular structure found in eukaryotic cells. It is responsible for processing, packaging, and distributing proteins and lipids within the cell. The Golgi body consists of a series of flattened sacs called cisternae, which are involved in modifying and sorting molecules before they are transported to their final destinations within the cell or outside of it.

Explanation

The correct answer is "Golgi body." The Golgi body, also known as the Golgi apparatus or Golgi complex, is a cellular structure found in eukaryotic cells. It is responsible for processing, packaging, and distributing proteins and lipids within the cell. The Golgi body consists of a series of flattened sacs called cisternae, which are involved in modifying and sorting molecules before they are transported to their final destinations within the cell or outside of it.

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11. What is the difference between plant and animal cells?

Only animal cells have cell walls and chloroplasts.

They are the same.

Only plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts.

Only plant cells have ribosomes not connected to the endoplasmic reticulum.

Pg. 122-123

Explanation

Pg. 122-123

12. Substances of factors that cause mutations are called:

Mutagens

Mutators

Damaging substances

Mutationers

Pg. 141

Explanation

Pg. 141

13. Cancer is:

The name for diseases that result from uncontrolled cell division.

The name for diseases that result from cells that divide before DNA replication starts.

The name for diseases that causes the cell cycle to reverse.

The name for diseases caused by having multiple layers of the same cell type.

Cancer is the name for diseases that result from uncontrolled cell division. This means that the cells in the body divide and multiply without any regulation or control, leading to the formation of tumors or abnormal growths. These cells can invade nearby tissues and spread to other parts of the body, causing various health issues and potentially becoming life-threatening.

Explanation

Cancer is the name for diseases that result from uncontrolled cell division. This means that the cells in the body divide and multiply without any regulation or control, leading to the formation of tumors or abnormal growths. These cells can invade nearby tissues and spread to other parts of the body, causing various health issues and potentially becoming life-threatening.

14. The sides of the DNA "ladder" are made up of:

Sugar and phosphate

Phosphate and thymine

Cytosine and guanine

Sugar and nucleic acid

Pg. 126

Explanation

Pg. 126

15.

What type of cellular structure is this?

The given correct answer for this question is "chloroplast, Chloroplast". Chloroplast is a type of cellular structure found in plants and algae. It is responsible for photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy. Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, a pigment that gives plants their green color and is essential for capturing light energy. The duplication of "chloroplast" and "Chloroplast" in the answer might be a typographical error or intended to emphasize the correct spelling.

Explanation

The given correct answer for this question is "chloroplast, Chloroplast". Chloroplast is a type of cellular structure found in plants and algae. It is responsible for photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy. Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, a pigment that gives plants their green color and is essential for capturing light energy. The duplication of "chloroplast" and "Chloroplast" in the answer might be a typographical error or intended to emphasize the correct spelling.

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16. The stages of mitosis are:

Metaphase, eary prophase, metaphase, late prophase, anaphase, telophase

Anaphase, early prophase, late prophase, telophase, metaphase

Early prophase, late prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Telophase, anaphase, metaphase, early prophase, late prophase

The stages of mitosis follow a specific sequence. The first stage is early prophase, where the chromatin condenses into chromosomes and the nuclear envelope starts to break down. This is followed by late prophase, where the chromosomes become more condensed and the spindle fibers start to form. Next is metaphase, where the chromosomes align in the middle of the cell. Anaphase comes after, where the sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite ends of the cell. Finally, telophase occurs, where the chromosomes reach the opposite poles of the cell and the nuclear envelope reforms.

Explanation

The stages of mitosis follow a specific sequence. The first stage is early prophase, where the chromatin condenses into chromosomes and the nuclear envelope starts to break down. This is followed by late prophase, where the chromosomes become more condensed and the spindle fibers start to form. Next is metaphase, where the chromosomes align in the middle of the cell. Anaphase comes after, where the sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite ends of the cell. Finally, telophase occurs, where the chromosomes reach the opposite poles of the cell and the nuclear envelope reforms.

17. What makes the offspring of organisms which sexually reproduce genetically different from each other?

Each offspring inherits half its genetic material from its mother and the other half from its father, which combine resulting in genetic variation.

Each offspring inherits twice as much genetic material than it needs (full set from mother + full set from father) and then randomly selects each chromosome.

Every sex chromosome (X, Y) is genetically different, so no two offspring will inherit the exact same set of chromosomes from the father.

Pg. 190

Explanation

Pg. 190

18. True or False.
Meiosis occurs in sexual reproduction because each gamete must have a haploid set of chromosomes.

True

False

Pg.193

Explanation

Pg.193

19. DNA stands for:

Diphosphonucleic acid

Dioxyribonucleic acid

Dioxyribonucleic atom

Dichromatonitrogen acid

Pg. 126

Explanation

Pg. 126

20. The difference between chromatic and chromosomes is:

Chromatin contains DNA and proteins. Chromosomes are the x-shaped structures that strands of chromatin form into for cell division.

Chromatin is the x-shaped structures used in cell division. Chromosomes are the specific strands of chromatin used in protein production.

Chromatin is the DNA found in animal cells and chromosomes are the DNA found in plant cells.

Chromatin provides the cell with the information used in protein production, and chromosomes provide the cell with the information used in cell replication.

Pg. 128

Explanation

Pg. 128

21. Put the steps of protein production in order.

A. The golgi body repackages the protein for transport out of the cell.
B. The nucleus receives a chemical signal to make a specific protein.
C. The vesicle attaches to the cell membrane, and releases the proteins out of the cell.
D. The manufactured protein enters the endoplasmic reticulum.
E. The DNA message for a specific protein is copied into a small molecule called RNA.
F. The RNA message is delivered to the ribosome, and the ribosome makes the protein.
G. A vesicle forms off the end of the golgi body to carry the protein to the cell membrane.
H. RNA leaves through a nuclear pore.
I. A vesicle forms off the end of the endoplasmic reticulum and carries the protein to the golgi body.

B, E, H, F, D, I, A, G, C

C, B, E, F, G, I, A, D, H

A, C, E, D, B, I, H, F, G, B

I, E, B, F, G, H, A, C, D

not-available-via-ai

Explanation

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22. If each of your cells has the same amount of genetic information, how can cells become specialized?

Only specific chromosomes are unwound into chromatin.

Only specific genes are read in each cell.

The chromosomes that aren't needed are made non-functional by special proteins.

Pg. 129

Explanation

Pg. 129

23. Genes are:

The sections of your DNA that provide information used to control cell division.

The collection of chromosomes you receive from each of your parents.

Are the section of DNA used to make new ribosomes.

Small sections of DNA located at specific places on a chromosome that provide the information to produce the different proteins used by your cells.

Pg. 129

Explanation

Pg. 129

24. The stages of the cell cycle are:

Growth, DNA replication, cytokinesis

Interphase, mitosis, cytokinesis

Interphase, metaphase, anaphase, cytokinesis

Mitosis, interphase, cytokinesis

Pg. 153

Explanation

Pg. 153

25. How does cancer spread from one part of the body to another?

Cancer cells absorb into nearby bones, then get released with new blood cells.

Cancer cells send chemical messages through the blood stream instructing other cells to divide pre-maturely.

It doesn't - you were just exposed to a particular mutagen in multiple places.

Some of the cancer cells break away from the tumour and are carried by the blood stream.

Cancer cells can break away from the primary tumor and enter the bloodstream or lymphatic system. Once in the bloodstream, these cells can travel to other parts of the body and form new tumors, a process known as metastasis. This is how cancer spreads from one part of the body to another.

Explanation

Cancer cells can break away from the primary tumor and enter the bloodstream or lymphatic system. Once in the bloodstream, these cells can travel to other parts of the body and form new tumors, a process known as metastasis. This is how cancer spreads from one part of the body to another.

26. You wake up one morning with a sore throat, and the doctor tells you that you have an infection caused by the streptococcus bacteria. By what method were the bacteria able to reproduce in your throat so quickly?

Budding

Binary fission

Fragmentation

Spore creation

Pg. 169

Explanation

Pg. 169

27. True or false.
Gamete formation is the same in males and females.

True

False

Pg. 193

Explanation

Pg. 193

28. What is a gene mutation?

A mutation is a change in which bases pair together.

A mutation is a change in the order of A,G,C, and T bases in a gene.

A mutation is a change in the number of chromosomes an individual has.

A mutation is a change in the way genes are organized on the chromosome.

Pg. 136

Explanation

Pg. 136

29. True or false.
Adult cells are diploid and gamete cells are haploid.

True

False

Adult cells are diploid because they contain two sets of chromosomes, one from each parent. This means that they have two copies of each chromosome. On the other hand, gamete cells are haploid because they only contain one set of chromosomes. This is necessary for sexual reproduction, as when gametes combine during fertilization, they form a diploid zygote with two sets of chromosomes.

Explanation

Adult cells are diploid because they contain two sets of chromosomes, one from each parent. This means that they have two copies of each chromosome. On the other hand, gamete cells are haploid because they only contain one set of chromosomes. This is necessary for sexual reproduction, as when gametes combine during fertilization, they form a diploid zygote with two sets of chromosomes.

30. In which trimester can the mother begin to feel feta movement?

First

Second

Third

During the second trimester, typically around 18-20 weeks, the mother can begin to feel fetal movement. This is because by this stage, the baby's muscles and nervous system have developed enough for them to start moving and kicking. The movements may initially feel like flutters or gentle taps, but as the pregnancy progresses, they become more pronounced and noticeable.

Explanation

During the second trimester, typically around 18-20 weeks, the mother can begin to feel fetal movement. This is because by this stage, the baby's muscles and nervous system have developed enough for them to start moving and kicking. The movements may initially feel like flutters or gentle taps, but as the pregnancy progresses, they become more pronounced and noticeable.

31. What is the outer layer of the gastrula called?

Ectoderm

Mesoderm

Endoderm

Pg. 217

Explanation

Pg. 217

32. What is the difference between reproductive and therapeutic cloning?

Reproductive cloning produces an individual, while therapeutic cloning is used to produce stem cells.

Reproductive cloning uses an nucleus from an adult cell and an empty egg cell, which therapeutic cloning uses two adult cells.

Reproductive cloning requires electricity to fuse the two cells, and therapeutic cloning does not.

Reproductive cloning is much more successful than therapeutic cloning.

Pg. 177

Explanation

Pg. 177

33. DNA can replicate by unwinding and breaking apart because:

A and T pair, and C and G pair, so the two strands from the original form a template.

Enzymes control which new bases are added to the two strands, making sure that they end up the same.

It doesn't matter if the two new helices are different - that's where genetic variation comes from.

Pg. 154

Explanation

Pg. 154

34. True or false?

Fewer zygotes are produced in external fertilization vs. internal fertilization.

True

False

In external fertilization, a large number of zygotes are produced as the process occurs outside the body, typically in water. This is because the chances of survival for each individual zygote are relatively low. In internal fertilization, however, fewer zygotes are produced as the process occurs inside the body, where the chances of survival and successful development are higher. Therefore, the statement that fewer zygotes are produced in external fertilization is false.

Explanation

In external fertilization, a large number of zygotes are produced as the process occurs outside the body, typically in water. This is because the chances of survival for each individual zygote are relatively low. In internal fertilization, however, fewer zygotes are produced as the process occurs inside the body, where the chances of survival and successful development are higher. Therefore, the statement that fewer zygotes are produced in external fertilization is false.

35. In which trimester does a human fetus develop a brain and spinal cord?

First

Second

Third

During the first trimester of pregnancy, a human fetus develops its brain and spinal cord. This is a crucial period of development as the neural tube, which eventually becomes the brain and spinal cord, begins to form and differentiate. By the end of the first trimester, the basic structures of the brain and spinal cord are established, laying the foundation for further growth and development throughout the rest of the pregnancy.

Explanation

During the first trimester of pregnancy, a human fetus develops its brain and spinal cord. This is a crucial period of development as the neural tube, which eventually becomes the brain and spinal cord, begins to form and differentiate. By the end of the first trimester, the basic structures of the brain and spinal cord are established, laying the foundation for further growth and development throughout the rest of the pregnancy.

36. If the original sequence of a gene is: ATC CAG TTA AGC CCG

and after mutation is: ACC AGT TAA GCC CG
What kind of mutation is it?
Is it likely to be harmful?
(This question will have 2 answers checked)

Addition

Deletion

Substitution

Yes

No

Pg. 137

Explanation

Pg. 137

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37. In which phase of mitosis happen?
-replicated chromosomes coil into X-shaped chromosomes
-nucleolus is gone, nuclear membrane breaks down
-spindle fibres begin to form from the centrioles

Metaphase

Early prophase

Late prophase

Anaphase

Pg. 156

Explanation

Pg. 156

38. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of asexual reproduction.

Large numbers of offspring are reproduced very quickly.

The offspring are genetic clones.

Large numbers of organisms mean that species can survive even when environmental conditions change.

Energy is not required to find a mate.

Pg. 175

Explanation

Pg. 175

39. During interpase the cell:

Replicates its DNA, grows

Grows, replicates its DNA

Grows, replicates its DNA, and grows some more

Grows, undergoes mitosis, separates

Pg. 153

Explanation

Pg. 153

40. Chromosomes are comprised of:

Two copies of a DNA molecule (called sister chromatids) joined by a centromere

Two different strands of DNA (called sister chromatids) joined by a centromere.

Two different strands of DNA (called chromatids) joined by a centriole.

Two copies of a DNA molecule (called sister chromatids) joined by a centriole.

Pg. 156

Explanation

Pg. 156

41. The main disadvantage of vegetative reproduction is:

It takes a lot longer for the new plant to grow

That new plants will grow close to each other and the parent

The parent plant dies as soon as the daughter plant is large enough to survive

Fields of flowers bloom all at the same time, shortening the length of the that the plant is "in season"

Pg. 172

Explanation

Pg. 172

42. What is the correct order of the stages in embryonic development?

Zygote - gastrula - blastula - morula

Zygote - morula - gastrula - blastula

Zygote - blastula - gastrula - morula

Zygote - morula - blastula - gastrula

Pg. 216/217

Explanation

Pg. 216/217

43. If the original sequence of a gene is: ATC CAG TTA AGC CCG

and after mutation is: AAC CAG TTA AGC CCG
What kind of mutation is it?
Is it likely to be harmful?
(This question will have 2 answers checked)

Deletion

Addition

Substitution

Yes

No

Pg. 135

Explanation

Pg. 135

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44. What is the male reproductive organ of flowering plants called?

Pollen

Pistil

Stamen

Style

The male reproductive organ of flowering plants is called the stamen. The stamen is composed of two main parts: the filament and the anther. The filament is a long, slender stalk that holds up the anther, which is a sac-like structure that produces pollen. Pollen contains the male gametes, which are necessary for fertilization when they are transferred to the female reproductive organ, the pistil, through pollination. The stamen plays a crucial role in the reproduction of flowering plants by producing and releasing pollen.

Explanation

The male reproductive organ of flowering plants is called the stamen. The stamen is composed of two main parts: the filament and the anther. The filament is a long, slender stalk that holds up the anther, which is a sac-like structure that produces pollen. Pollen contains the male gametes, which are necessary for fertilization when they are transferred to the female reproductive organ, the pistil, through pollination. The stamen plays a crucial role in the reproduction of flowering plants by producing and releasing pollen.

45. The "rungs" of the DNA ladder are made up of:

Chromatin and genes

Sugar and phosphate

A pair of phosphate bases

A pair of nitrogenous bases

Pg. 126

Explanation

Pg. 126

46. Some micro-cellular organisms like hydras and sponges reproduce by budding because:

They only have a few different cell types

They are attached to the rock, so don't have to move a lot

They do not have an internal uterus

They are too large to reproduce by binary fission - budding is a modified form of binary fission

Micro-cellular organisms like hydras and sponges reproduce by budding because they only have a few different cell types. This means that their cells are not specialized for reproduction, and budding allows them to create new individuals without the need for specialized reproductive organs or structures. Budding is a form of asexual reproduction where a new individual grows as an outgrowth or bud from the parent organism, and eventually detaches to become an independent organism. Since these organisms have limited cell types, budding is a simple and efficient way for them to reproduce.

Explanation

Micro-cellular organisms like hydras and sponges reproduce by budding because they only have a few different cell types. This means that their cells are not specialized for reproduction, and budding allows them to create new individuals without the need for specialized reproductive organs or structures. Budding is a form of asexual reproduction where a new individual grows as an outgrowth or bud from the parent organism, and eventually detaches to become an independent organism. Since these organisms have limited cell types, budding is a simple and efficient way for them to reproduce.

47. True or false:

Some reptiles can loose their tails and grow a new one. This is an example of fragmentation.

True

False

The statement is false because the ability to lose their tails and grow a new one is not an example of fragmentation. Fragmentation refers to a reproductive process where an organism breaks into multiple parts, and each part regenerates into a complete organism. In the case of reptiles losing their tails, this is called autotomy, which is a defense mechanism to escape from predators. The tail that grows back is not a separate organism but a regrowth of the original tail.

Explanation

The statement is false because the ability to lose their tails and grow a new one is not an example of fragmentation. Fragmentation refers to a reproductive process where an organism breaks into multiple parts, and each part regenerates into a complete organism. In the case of reptiles losing their tails, this is called autotomy, which is a defense mechanism to escape from predators. The tail that grows back is not a separate organism but a regrowth of the original tail.

48. Which of the following processes results in genetic variation during meiosis I?

Mutations

Crossing over

Independent assortment

A and B

All of the above

Pg. 192/194

Explanation

Pg. 192/194

49. How is genetic variation maintained in flowering plants?

Offspring have a gene that encodes for a protein which stops embryo growth if the genetic material is too similar.

Seeds are transported before the begin to grow, so the offspring end up far away from the parent and each other.

Plants have more instances of crossing over and mutation during meiosis than animals to increase genetic variation.

The hard covering of seeds protects the offspring for a growing cycle, so that by the time it is mature and ready to reproduce, the parent has died.

Pg. 214

Explanation

Pg. 214

50. In vitro fertilization is often used when:

A man's sperm are aren't fast enough to reach the egg

A woman's fallopian tube is blocked

A woman's uterus is damaged

A woman suffers from a hormonal imbalance

In vitro fertilization is often used when a woman's fallopian tube is blocked. This is because the fallopian tubes play a crucial role in the natural process of fertilization, as they are responsible for transporting the egg from the ovary to the uterus. If one or both of the fallopian tubes are blocked, it becomes difficult for the egg and sperm to meet, hindering conception. In vitro fertilization bypasses this issue by retrieving the eggs directly from the ovaries and combining them with sperm in a laboratory setting, before transferring the resulting embryo into the woman's uterus.

Explanation

In vitro fertilization is often used when a woman's fallopian tube is blocked. This is because the fallopian tubes play a crucial role in the natural process of fertilization, as they are responsible for transporting the egg from the ovary to the uterus. If one or both of the fallopian tubes are blocked, it becomes difficult for the egg and sperm to meet, hindering conception. In vitro fertilization bypasses this issue by retrieving the eggs directly from the ovaries and combining them with sperm in a laboratory setting, before transferring the resulting embryo into the woman's uterus.

51. The process where the cells of the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm become specific tissue and organ cells is called:

Stem cell creation

Differentiation

Fetal development

Specialization

Differentiation is the correct answer because it refers to the process in which unspecialized cells, such as those found in the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm, become specialized and develop into specific tissue and organ cells. This process is essential for the formation and functioning of various organs and tissues in the body. Stem cell creation, fetal development, and specialization are not accurate terms to describe this specific process.

Explanation

Differentiation is the correct answer because it refers to the process in which unspecialized cells, such as those found in the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm, become specialized and develop into specific tissue and organ cells. This process is essential for the formation and functioning of various organs and tissues in the body. Stem cell creation, fetal development, and specialization are not accurate terms to describe this specific process.

52. Meiosis I is different from mitosis because:

In meiosis I the daughter cells get a random assortment of chromosomes that came from the parents. In mitosis, each pair of chromosomes are identical.

Meiosis I reduces the chromosomal number in half, while mitosis maintains it.

Meiosis only happens in sexually reproducing organism and mitosis only happens in asexually reproducing organisms.

In meiosis I, genetic information is exchanged before DNA replication, and in mitosis the exchange in made after replication.

Pg. 191

Explanation

Pg. 191

53. Which of the following is NOT a benefit of grafting:

The scion benefits from being grafted to a more vigorous root system

Grafted trees produce fruit much sooner than trees grown from seed

Grafting can control the size of the tree

Genetic variation is produced because all subsequent daughter cells have a mix of the scion and root stock DNA

Pg. 174

Explanation

Pg. 174

54. An example of vegetative reproduction is:

When a tree produces pine cones that will spread to open ground before growing into a new tree

When algae blooms are caused by motors cutting up the colony and each piece grows into its own colony

When special cells in a daffodil bulb divide to form a structure that will eventually develop into a plant identical to the parent

When a flower pollinates itself to form seeds

Pg. 172

Explanation

Pg. 172

55. True or False?
In gene therapy, researchers replace a mutated gene with a healthy copy by using an inactive virus to carry the gene to the diseased cells.

True

False

Pg. 142

Explanation

Pg. 142

56. How is spore formation different from the other types of asexual reproduction?

Only one daughter cell is produced instead of the usual two.

The daughter cell does not immediately form a new individual - it is protected until conditions are suitable.

The daughter cells are able to be carried by water and wind, so the parent is never crowded by new plants.

It's not.

Pg. 174

Explanation

Pg. 174

57. Which of the following is NOT a use of human-assisted cloning?

Mass produce agricultural products with a desired trait (for example, juicy apples)

Save endangered species

Replacing damaged cells as a form of medical treatment

Produce hybrid plants that have only the desirable treats from two similar plants

hybrid is mixture of DNA, therefore not a clone

Explanation

hybrid is mixture of DNA, therefore not a clone

58. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of external fertilization?

Little energy is required to find a mate

Large numbers of offspring are produced

Because the offspring are spread out, there is little chance for a parent/offspring mating

Little energy is required by the parent while the embryo is growing, so they are better able to care for the offspring later

Pg. 209

Explanation

Pg. 209

59. A couple has been trying to have a child for many years. Tests show that the husband has a very low sperm count, and that the wife doesn't have any health problems related to fertility. What assisted reproductive technology would most likely be used?

In vitro fertilization

Artificial insemination

Surrogacy

Gamete intrafallopian transfer

Artificial insemination would be the most likely assisted reproductive technology used in this scenario. This technique involves directly placing sperm into the woman's reproductive system, increasing the chances of fertilization. Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) involves transferring both eggs and sperm into the fallopian tubes, which may not be suitable if the husband has a low sperm count. In vitro fertilization (IVF) is another option, but it may not be necessary if the wife doesn't have any fertility-related health problems. Surrogacy is not directly related to the couple's situation of trying to conceive.

Explanation

Artificial insemination would be the most likely assisted reproductive technology used in this scenario. This technique involves directly placing sperm into the woman's reproductive system, increasing the chances of fertilization. Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) involves transferring both eggs and sperm into the fallopian tubes, which may not be suitable if the husband has a low sperm count. In vitro fertilization (IVF) is another option, but it may not be necessary if the wife doesn't have any fertility-related health problems. Surrogacy is not directly related to the couple's situation of trying to conceive.

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