12-bio-botany-unit-III Cell Biology And Genetics

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  • 1/13 Questions

    Double helix DNA model was proposed by _____

    • Watson and Crick
    • O.T. Avery et al
    • Griffith
    • Stinberg
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About This Quiz

Prepared by
Mr. D. Rajamani, M. Sc.,M. Ed., P. G. Asst Botany A. C. S Mat. Hr Sec. School, Arni. Tiruvannamalai Dist
&
www. Padasalai. Net



12-bio-botany-unit-III Cell Biology And Genetics - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    Nullisomy is represented by

    • 2n – 2

    • 2n – 1

    • 2n + 1

    • 2n + 2

    Correct Answer
    A. 2n – 2
    Explanation
    Nullisomy is a type of aneuploidy where there is a loss of both homologous chromosomes of a pair, resulting in a total chromosome number that is two less than the diploid number (2n). Therefore, the correct answer is 2n - 2.

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  • 3. 

    RNA is universally present in all organisms except in _____

    • DNA viruses

    • TMV

    • Bacteria

    • Algae

    Correct Answer
    A. DNA viruses
    Explanation
    RNA is universally present in all organisms except in DNA viruses. This is because DNA viruses replicate their genetic material using a DNA-dependent DNA polymerase, which means they do not require RNA for replication. In contrast, all other organisms, including bacteria, algae, and TMV (Tobacco mosaic virus), use RNA in various cellular processes such as protein synthesis and gene regulation.

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  • 4. 

    Recombination of chromosome takes place in _____ stage of prophase I of meiosis.

    • Pachytene

    • Leptotene

    • Zygotene

    • Diplotene

    Correct Answer
    A. Pachytene
    Explanation
    During the pachytene stage of prophase I of meiosis, recombination of chromosomes occurs. This is when homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange genetic material through a process called crossing over. This exchange of genetic material leads to genetic diversity in offspring. Therefore, pachytene is the correct stage for recombination to take place.

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  • 5. 

    Biochemical mutants of _____ failed to synthesize certain amino acids.

    • Neurospora

    • Sorghum

    • Cicer arietinum

    • Cicer gigas

    Correct Answer
    A. Neurospora
    Explanation
    Neurospora is a genus of fungi that is commonly used in genetic research. Biochemical mutants of Neurospora have been extensively studied and it has been observed that these mutants are unable to synthesize certain amino acids. This suggests that Neurospora plays a crucial role in the biosynthesis of amino acids.

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  • 6. 

    The term chromosome was introduced by

    • Waldeyer

    • Bridges

    • Balbiani

    • Flemming

    Correct Answer
    A. Waldeyer
    Explanation
    The term "chromosome" was introduced by Waldeyer.

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  • 7. 

    The width of DNA molecule is

    • 20 Å

    • 18 Å

    • 34 Å

    • 35 Å

    Correct Answer
    A. 20 Å
    Explanation
    The width of a DNA molecule is 20 Å. This measurement refers to the distance between the two strands of the DNA double helix. The width of DNA is important because it determines the spacing between the nucleotide bases, which in turn affects the overall structure and stability of the molecule. The correct answer is 20 Å.

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  • 8. 

    Hugo de Vries first used the term mutation based on his observation on

    • Oenothera lamarckiana

    • Sorghum

    • Neurospora

    • Cicer gigas

    Correct Answer
    A. Oenothera lamarckiana
    Explanation
    Hugo de Vries first used the term mutation based on his observation on Oenothera lamarckiana.

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  • 9. 

    In bacterial cell, there are more than _____ tRNAs

    • 70

    • 200

    • 300

    • 400

    Correct Answer
    A. 70
    Explanation
    In bacterial cells, there are more than 70 tRNAs. These tRNAs are responsible for carrying specific amino acids to the ribosomes during protein synthesis. Each tRNA molecule has a specific anticodon sequence that matches with a specific codon on the mRNA. This allows the tRNA to bring the correct amino acid to the growing polypeptide chain. The large number of tRNAs in bacterial cells ensures that there is a wide range of amino acids available for protein synthesis, allowing for the production of diverse proteins necessary for the cell's functioning.

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  • 10. 

    Who had first proved that the genes are carried by the chromosome?

    • Bridges

    • Waldeyer

    • Balbiani

    • Flemming

    Correct Answer
    A. Bridges
    Explanation
    Bridges is the correct answer because he was the first to provide experimental evidence that genes are carried by the chromosome.

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  • 11. 

    MRNA is about _____ of the RNA content of the cell

    • 3 - 5%

    • 10 - 20%

    • 5 - 10%

    • 20 - 30%

    Correct Answer
    A. 3 - 5%
    Explanation
    mRNA, or messenger RNA, is a type of RNA molecule that carries genetic information from the DNA to the ribosomes, where it is used as a template for protein synthesis. It is a relatively small portion of the total RNA content in the cell. Therefore, the correct answer is 3 - 5%, indicating that mRNA makes up only a small fraction of the RNA content in the cell.

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  • 12. 

    The coupling test cross ratio is

    • 7:1:1:7

    • 1:7:7:1

    • 1:1:1:1

    • 9:3:3:1

    Correct Answer
    A. 7:1:1:7
    Explanation
    The given answer, 7:1:1:7, represents a coupling test cross ratio. This ratio indicates the relative frequencies of different genotypes in a test cross between two heterozygous individuals. The presence of the same alleles on opposite chromosomes (7:7) suggests that these alleles are tightly linked and likely to be inherited together. The presence of a different allele (1) in the middle suggests recombination has occurred. This ratio suggests that recombination is less likely to happen between the outer alleles (7) and more likely to occur between the middle allele (1) and the outer alleles.

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  • 13. 

    The gametes of Drosophila melanogaster carry

    • Four chromosomes

    • Three chromosomes

    • Seven chromosomes

    • Eight chromosomes

    Correct Answer
    A. Four chromosomes
    Explanation
    Drosophila melanogaster, commonly known as fruit flies, have four chromosomes in their gametes. Chromosomes are the structures that contain the genetic material of an organism. In fruit flies, there are four distinct chromosomes that carry the genes responsible for various traits and characteristics. These chromosomes are passed on to the offspring through the gametes, which are the reproductive cells. Therefore, the correct answer is four chromosomes.

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  • Dec 01, 2013
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