Biology Quiz: Trivia Exam! MCQ

2.

Which of the following have been used to classify bacteria?

Shape
Colony forms
Gram's stain
All of the above

Correct Answer

A. All of the above

Explanation

Bacteria can be classified based on their shape, colony forms, and Gram's stain. Shape refers to the physical structure of the bacteria, such as rod-shaped (bacilli), spherical (cocci), or spiral (spirilla). Colony forms describe the appearance of bacterial colonies on agar plates, which can vary in size, color, and texture. Gram's stain is a technique used to differentiate bacteria based on their cell wall composition, classifying them as either Gram-positive or Gram-negative. Therefore, all of these factors have been used to classify bacteria.

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3.

The vast majority of bacteria known to man are pathogenic.

True
False

Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

The statement is false. The vast majority of bacteria known to man are not pathogenic. In fact, only a small percentage of bacteria are pathogenic, meaning they can cause diseases in humans or other organisms. The majority of bacteria are actually beneficial or harmless, playing important roles in various ecological processes, such as nutrient cycling and decomposition.

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1

4.

Cellular organelles not found in bacteria are:

Mitochondria
Plasma membrane
Flagella
Cell walls

Correct Answer

A. Mitochondria

Explanation

Mitochondria are cellular organelles that are not found in bacteria. They are responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration. Bacteria lack mitochondria and generate energy through other means, such as glycolysis. Mitochondria are found in eukaryotic cells, which are more complex than bacteria and contain membrane-bound organelles.

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5.

A term that best describes a bacterium that lives on dead organic material is:

Parasitic
Autotrophic
Saprophytic
Heterotrophic

Correct Answer

A. Saprophytic

Explanation

A bacterium that lives on dead organic material is best described as saprophytic. Saprophytic organisms obtain their nutrients by decomposing dead organic matter. This process helps in the breakdown and recycling of organic material, playing a vital role in nutrient cycling in ecosystems. Unlike parasitic organisms that rely on a host for their nutrition, saprophytic bacteria can thrive independently on dead organic material. Autotrophic bacteria can produce their own food through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis, while heterotrophic bacteria obtain their nutrition by consuming other organisms.

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6.

The condition for growth required by all bacteria is:

A neutral pH
A temperature range of 27-38 C
Adequate light
Adequate moisture

Correct Answer

A. Adequate moisture

Explanation

Adequate moisture is the condition for growth required by all bacteria. This is because bacteria require a certain level of moisture in their environment to survive and reproduce. Without enough moisture, bacteria cannot carry out essential metabolic processes and their growth is hindered. Adequate moisture provides the necessary environment for bacteria to absorb nutrients, exchange gases, and maintain their cellular functions. Therefore, it is a crucial requirement for bacterial growth.

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7.

All of the following are characteristics of Archaebacteria except:

All are prokaryotic
They have some genetic similarities to eukaryotic cells.
Many live in extreme enviornments
They contain peptidoglycons

Correct Answer

A. They contain peptidoglycons

Explanation

Archaebacteria are a group of microorganisms that have some genetic similarities to eukaryotic cells and many of them live in extreme environments. They are also prokaryotic, which means they lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. However, unlike other bacteria, they do not contain peptidoglycans in their cell walls. Peptidoglycans are a type of polymer that provides structural support to bacterial cell walls. Therefore, the correct answer is that archaebacteria do not contain peptidoglycans.

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8.

Methods by which bacteria can obtain new genetic information include:

Conjugation
Transfiguration
Transduction
Both B and C
Both A and C

Correct Answer

A. Both A and C

Explanation

Bacteria can obtain new genetic information through conjugation, which involves the transfer of genetic material between two bacterial cells through direct contact. Transduction is another method where genetic material is transferred between bacteria through a virus. Therefore, the correct answer is "Both A and C" as both conjugation and transduction are ways by which bacteria can acquire new genetic information.

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9.

A bacteriophage can exchange genetic information between bacteria in a process called:

Transduction
Transformation
Transfiguration
Conjugation

Correct Answer

A. Transduction

Explanation

Transduction is the process by which a bacteriophage transfers genetic material from one bacterium to another. During transduction, the bacteriophage infects a bacterium and injects its own genetic material into the host cell. However, instead of replicating and producing more phages, the viral DNA integrates into the bacterial chromosome. When the infected bacterium reproduces, it passes on the viral DNA to its daughter cells, effectively transferring the genetic information between bacteria. This process allows for the exchange of genetic material and can contribute to the spread of antibiotic resistance genes among bacteria.

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Biology Quiz: Trivia Exam! MCQ

Mesosomes, which are folded invaginations of the plasma membrane, is often the site of many bacterial metabolic processes.

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Which of the following have been used to classify bacteria?

The vast majority of bacteria known to man are pathogenic.

Cellular organelles not found in bacteria are:

A term that best describes a bacterium that lives on dead organic material is:

The condition for growth required by all bacteria is:

All of the following are characteristics of Archaebacteria except:

Methods by which bacteria can obtain new genetic information include:

A bacteriophage can exchange genetic information between bacteria in a process called: