Science 10 Plate Tectonics
Study test for science 10
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Who came up with the theory of continental drift?
- A.
Niels Bohr
- B.
Albert Einstien
- C.
John Dalton
- D.
Alfred Wegner
Correct Answer
D. Alfred WegnerExplanation
Alfred Wegner is the correct answer because he was the scientist who proposed the theory of continental drift in the early 20th century. He suggested that the continents were once joined together in a single landmass called Pangaea and have since drifted apart. This theory revolutionized the field of geology and laid the foundation for the modern understanding of plate tectonics. Wegner's work was initially met with skepticism but has since been widely accepted and supported by geological evidence.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Continental drift is a theory that states that the continents haven't always been in their present locations but in a super continent called_________?
Correct Answer
Pangea
Paleoglaciation
AndromedaExplanation
Pangea because paleogalaciation isnt a place and Andromeda is a galaxy thats close to schoolRate this question:
- 3.
How was the continental drift theory supported
- A.
By paleoglaciation
- B.
Fossils
- C.
All of the above
- D.
Magnetic Reversal
Correct Answer
C. All of the aboveExplanation
The continental drift theory was supported by multiple pieces of evidence. Paleoglaciation provided evidence of ancient glaciers in areas that are now separated by large bodies of water, suggesting that these landmasses were once connected. Fossils found on different continents were similar, indicating that these landmasses were once joined and allowed for the migration of species. Magnetic reversal was also used as evidence, as the alignment of magnetic minerals in rocks on either side of the ocean floor indicated that the continents had moved over time. Therefore, all of the above options provided support for the continental drift theory.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Rift eruptions occur at_______________?
Correct Answer
Spreading RidgesExplanation
Rift eruptions occur at spreading ridges. Spreading ridges are areas where tectonic plates are moving apart, creating a gap or rift. Magma from the mantle rises to fill this gap, leading to volcanic activity and the formation of new crust. This process is known as seafloor spreading and is responsible for the creation of new oceanic crust. As the magma erupts and cools, it forms underwater volcanoes and lava flows, contributing to the growth of the spreading ridge.Rate this question:
- 5.
Where are Composite Volcanos found?
- A.
All around the Ring of Fire
- B.
In Hawaii
- C.
All around the world
- D.
In the bottom of the ocean
Correct Answer
A. All around the Ring of FireExplanation
Composite volcanoes are found all around the Ring of Fire. The Ring of Fire is a major area in the basin of the Pacific Ocean where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur. It is a result of plate tectonics and the movement and collision of lithospheric plates. Composite volcanoes, also known as stratovolcanoes, are formed when magma with high viscosity and gas content erupts explosively. These types of volcanoes are commonly found in subduction zones, which are prevalent along the Ring of Fire. Therefore, the correct answer is "All around the Ring of Fire."Rate this question:
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- 6.
How did the Hawaiian Islands form?
- A.
By a volcano exploding then the lava cooling in the ocean
- B.
By the Pacific Plate being pulled over a hotspot.
- C.
The drifted life the other continents
- D.
They were always there
Correct Answer
B. By the Pacific Plate being pulled over a hotspot.Explanation
The Hawaiian Islands formed by the Pacific Plate being pulled over a hotspot. A hotspot is a stationary area of intense volcanic activity beneath the Earth's surface. As the Pacific Plate moved over the hotspot, a chain of volcanoes formed, with each volcano becoming inactive as it moved away from the hotspot and a new one forming in its place. This process repeated over millions of years, resulting in the formation of the Hawaiian Islands.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Composite volcanos produce________ eruptions.
Correct Answer
AlternatingExplanation
Composite volcanoes, also known as stratovolcanoes, are characterized by their steep slopes and explosive eruptions. These eruptions alternate between explosive and effusive phases. During the explosive phase, the volcano releases a mixture of gas, ash, and pyroclastic material, resulting in a violent eruption. In the effusive phase, the volcano releases lava flows that slowly move down the slopes. This alternating pattern of eruptions is a defining characteristic of composite volcanoes.Rate this question:
- 8.
Iceland is getting_______ because its on either side of a __________.
Correct Answer
Bigger
Spreading RidgeExplanation
Iceland is getting bigger because it is located on either side of a spreading ridge. A spreading ridge is a geological feature where two tectonic plates are moving away from each other, causing magma to rise up and create new crust. This process, known as seafloor spreading, results in the expansion of the ocean floor and the formation of new land. As Iceland is situated on top of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, which is a spreading ridge, the volcanic activity and continuous addition of new material from the mantle contribute to its growth.Rate this question:
- 9.
Where do convection currents happen?
- A.
Lithosphere
- B.
Asthenosphere
- C.
Inner Core
- D.
Outer Core
Correct Answer
B. AsthenosphereExplanation
Convection currents happen in the asthenosphere. The asthenosphere is a layer of the Earth's mantle beneath the lithosphere. It is semi-fluid and consists of hot, partially molten rock. Convection currents occur when heat from the Earth's core causes the asthenosphere to become less dense and rise, while cooler, denser material sinks. This movement of material creates a circular motion known as convection currents. These currents play a crucial role in plate tectonics, as they cause the movement of the Earth's tectonic plates.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Where is the lithosphere located?
- A.
On top of the Asthenosphere
- B.
On top of the crust
- C.
Below the Crust
- D.
Below the Asthenosphere
Correct Answer
A. On top of the AsthenosphereExplanation
The lithosphere is located on top of the asthenosphere. The lithosphere is the rigid outer layer of the Earth, consisting of the crust and the uppermost part of the mantle. It is divided into several tectonic plates that float and move on the semi-fluid asthenosphere beneath it. The asthenosphere is a partially molten layer of the mantle that allows the tectonic plates to move and interact with each other. Therefore, the lithosphere rests on top of the asthenosphere.Rate this question:
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- 11.
______________mark boundaries on the ocean floor and ________________ mark boundaries on the continents.
Correct Answer
Mid ocean ridges and rift valleysExplanation
Mid ocean ridges are underwater mountain ranges that form at the boundaries of tectonic plates. They mark boundaries on the ocean floor where new crust is being created as plates move apart. Rift valleys, on the other hand, are deep depressions that occur at the boundaries of tectonic plates on land. They mark boundaries on the continents where the crust is being pulled apart. Therefore, mid ocean ridges mark boundaries on the ocean floor, while rift valleys mark boundaries on the continents.Rate this question:
- 12.
Which one isn't a type of tectonic plate boundary?
- A.
Convergent
- B.
Transform
- C.
Divergent
- D.
Rotation
Correct Answer
D. RotationExplanation
Rotation is not a type of tectonic plate boundary. Tectonic plate boundaries refer to the areas where different plates of the Earth's crust interact and move. Convergent boundaries occur when two plates collide, divergent boundaries occur when two plates move apart, and transform boundaries occur when two plates slide past each other horizontally. However, rotation does not describe the movement or interaction between tectonic plates.Rate this question:
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- 13.
A region where plate material is destroyed and volcanos form is a _________________
Correct Answer
Subduction ZoneExplanation
A subduction zone is a region where one tectonic plate is forced beneath another plate, leading to the destruction of the subducted plate and the formation of volcanoes. This process occurs when two plates collide, and the denser plate is pushed beneath the less dense plate. As the subducted plate sinks into the mantle, it begins to melt, causing magma to rise to the surface and form volcanoes. Therefore, a subduction zone is the correct answer for a region where plate material is destroyed and volcanoes form.Rate this question:
- 14.
_____________ are a source of mantle plumes that aren't associated with plate boundaries.
Correct Answer
HotspotExplanation
Hotspots are a source of mantle plumes that aren't associated with plate boundaries. These are areas of intense volcanic activity where magma rises from deep within the Earth's mantle, creating a hotspot of volcanic activity on the surface. Hotspots are thought to be caused by a localized upwelling of abnormally hot rock in the mantle, which can melt and rise to the surface. They can occur in the middle of tectonic plates, far away from any plate boundaries, and can create volcanic features such as chains of islands or seamounts.Rate this question:
- 15.
Deep sea trenches happen at _____________ and _____________ diverging boundaries and _____________ and _________________ boundaries.
Correct Answer
Oceanic and continental
Oceanic and OceanicExplanation
Deep sea trenches occur at oceanic and continental converging boundaries, where the denser oceanic plate is subducted beneath the less dense continental plate. They also occur at oceanic and oceanic converging boundaries, where one oceanic plate is subducted beneath another. In both cases, the subduction of one plate beneath another creates a deep trench in the ocean floor.Rate this question:
- 16.
Where does shallow focus usually occur. Choose the correct answers.
- A.
Rift
- B.
Spreading Ridge
- C.
Transform fault
- D.
Mantle Plumes
Correct Answer(s)
B. Spreading Ridge
C. Transform faultExplanation
Shallow focus earthquakes typically occur at spreading ridges and transform faults. Spreading ridges are areas where tectonic plates are moving apart, allowing magma to rise and create new crust. This process can generate earthquakes with shallow focal depths. Transform faults, on the other hand, are areas where tectonic plates slide past each other horizontally. The friction and stress along these faults can also lead to shallow focus earthquakes. Mantle plumes and rifts are not typically associated with shallow focus earthquakes, making them incorrect choices.Rate this question:
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- 17.
What is liquification?
- A.
When solids melt
- B.
When the ground loses its solid nature and sink while water rises
- C.
When sea level is lowered
Correct Answer
C. When sea level is loweredExplanation
Liquification refers to the process of turning a substance from a solid state into a liquid state. The answer provided, "When sea level is lowered," does not accurately describe liquification. Lowering of sea level does not involve the transformation of a substance from a solid to a liquid, but rather a change in the water level. Therefore, this answer is incorrect.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Why are mid ocean ridges higher than the rest of the ocean floor?
- A.
Because of subduction zones
- B.
Because of earthquakes
- C.
The plate being pushed up creating an undersea mountain range
- D.
Because the plates collide and create an undersea mountain range
Correct Answer
C. The plate being pushed up creating an undersea mountain rangeExplanation
Mid ocean ridges are higher than the rest of the ocean floor because the plates in the Earth's crust are constantly moving apart at these locations. This movement causes magma to rise from the mantle and fill the gap, creating new crust. As the magma cools and solidifies, it forms a mountain range on the ocean floor, known as a mid ocean ridge. This process of plate divergence and magma upwelling is responsible for the elevated height of mid ocean ridges compared to the surrounding ocean floor.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Diverging plates forcing_______up then cools and makes new seafloor.This is called a _________.
Correct Answer
Magma
Spreading RidgeExplanation
When diverging plates move apart, magma from the mantle rises up to fill the gap. This magma then cools and solidifies, creating new seafloor. This process is known as a spreading ridge, where new crust is formed and pushes the existing crust apart.Rate this question:
- 20.
Where do the most powerful earthquakes occur?
- A.
Spreading Ridges
- B.
Subduction zones
- C.
Transform Faults
- D.
Diverging Plate boundaries
Correct Answer
B. Subduction zonesExplanation
Subduction zones are the correct answer because these are areas where one tectonic plate is being forced beneath another, creating intense pressure and friction. This results in the release of a significant amount of energy, leading to powerful earthquakes. These zones are typically found around the Pacific Ring of Fire, where several tectonic plates converge, making it a hotspot for seismic activity.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Most earthquakes are too _____________ to be felt or _____________.
Correct Answer
Small
RemoteExplanation
Most earthquakes are too small in magnitude or occur in remote areas where there are no human populations or structures to feel or observe the seismic activity.Rate this question:
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