Review For For Apple Mid Term Chapters 16
Chapter Review 16
- 1.
The theory of Social Darwinism argued that
- A.
Public assistance should be available for the poor.
- B.
giant corporations were inherently evil.
- C.
the theory of evolution
- D.
The theory of evolution applied to humans, thus explaining why some were rich and some were poor.
Correct Answer
D. The theory of evolution applied to humans, thus explaining why some were rich and some were poor.Explanation
Social Darwinism is a theory that applies the principles of natural selection and survival of the fittest to human society. It suggests that those who are wealthy and successful are naturally superior and have adapted better to their environment, while those who are poor are inferior and have failed to adapt. This explanation aligns with the idea that the theory of evolution applied to humans, explaining the disparity between the rich and the poor.Rate this question:
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- 2.
The Knights of Labor:
- A.
Organized only skilled, white, native-born workers.
- B.
Was an inclusive organization that advocated for a vast array of reforms
- C.
Did not admit women.
- D.
Cooperated with big business.
Correct Answer
B. Was an inclusive organization that advocated for a vast array of reformsExplanation
The Knights of Labor was an inclusive organization that advocated for a vast array of reforms. This means that they welcomed workers from different backgrounds, including skilled, white, native-born workers. They believed in fighting for various social and economic reforms to improve the working conditions and rights of workers. They did not discriminate against women and were open to all workers who shared their goals. They did not cooperate with big business but rather aimed to challenge their power and influence.Rate this question:
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- 3.
One significant economic impact of the second industrial revolution was:
- A.
a more stable economy.
- B.
Frequent and prolonged economic depressions.
- C.
higher prices.
- D.
Frequent and prolonged economic depressions.
Correct Answer
D. Frequent and prolonged economic depressions.Explanation
During the second industrial revolution, there were frequent and prolonged economic depressions. This was because the rapid advancements in technology and industrialization led to an increase in production and competition. As a result, there were periods of overproduction and excess supply, which caused prices to decrease. This, in turn, led to financial crises and economic downturns. Additionally, the expansion of industries and the rise of monopolies also contributed to economic instability, as they could manipulate prices and control markets. Therefore, the second industrial revolution brought about frequent and prolonged economic depressions.Rate this question:
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- 4.
All of the following factors contributed to explosive economic growth during the Gilded Age EXCEPT:
- A.
Little Bighorn
- B.
Low tariffs.
- C.
Railroads
- D.
Child labor
Correct Answer
B. Low tariffs.Explanation
The Gilded Age was a period of rapid economic growth in the United States, characterized by the expansion of industries and the rise of big businesses. Factors such as the development of railroads and the utilization of child labor played a significant role in fueling this growth. However, low tariffs did not directly contribute to the explosive economic growth during this time. Tariffs are taxes on imported goods, and while they can have an impact on the economy, the question specifically asks for factors that contributed to economic growth, and low tariffs would not have directly stimulated growth in the same way that railroads and child labor did.Rate this question:
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- 5.
For workers, the second industrial revolution meant all of the following EXCEPT:
- A.
The workplace
- B.
Single tax
- C.
Railroads
- D.
A decrease in child labor.
Correct Answer
D. A decrease in child labor.Explanation
During the second industrial revolution, various advancements such as the introduction of railroads and changes in the workplace occurred. These developments led to an increase in industrialization and economic growth. However, one aspect that did not improve was the issue of child labor. Child labor remained prevalent during this time, with children being forced to work in dangerous and exploitative conditions. Therefore, the correct answer is that the second industrial revolution did not bring about a decrease in child labor.Rate this question:
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- 6.
The economic development of the American West was based on:Selected Answer:
- A.
The free and unlimited coinage of silver.
- B.
City life.
- C.
Lumber, mining industries, tourism, and farming.
- D.
Advocated for the working poor.
Correct Answer
C. Lumber, mining industries, tourism, and farming.Explanation
The economic development of the American West was based on lumber, mining industries, tourism, and farming. These industries played a crucial role in the growth and prosperity of the region. Lumber was in high demand for construction and expansion, mining industries brought wealth and job opportunities through the extraction of valuable resources, tourism attracted visitors and brought in revenue, and farming provided sustenance and a source of income for many settlers. Together, these industries fueled the economic growth and development of the American West.Rate this question:
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- 7.
The Haymarket Affair:
- A.
Ways manufacturers sought to control the marketplace .
- B.
Was provoked by the 1886 bombing at a Chicago labor rally.
- C.
Tended to favor the interests of industry over those of labor.
- D.
The acceleration of factory production and increased activity in the mining and railroad industries.
Correct Answer
B. Was provoked by the 1886 bombing at a Chicago labor rally.Explanation
The Haymarket Affair refers to the events that occurred in 1886 at a labor rally in Chicago, where a bomb was detonated, leading to violence and the deaths of both police officers and protesters. This event provoked the Haymarket Affair and is the cause of the conflict. The other options provided in the question do not accurately describe the cause of the Haymarket Affair.Rate this question:
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- 8.
In the late nineteenth century, social thinkers such as Edward Bellamy, Henry George, and Laurence Gronlund offered numerous plans for change, primarily because they were alarmed by a fear of:
- A.
The momentum gained by women in their efforts to win suffrage and other rights in the public realm.
- B.
The rapid migration of African-Americans from the South to the industrial North and their increased voting power
- C.
Increasing power of the executive branch of government and lack of checks and balances.
- D.
Class warfare and the growing power of concentrated capital.
Correct Answer
D. Class warfare and the growing power of concentrated capital.Explanation
The late nineteenth century social thinkers were alarmed by the fear of class warfare and the growing power of concentrated capital. They believed that the increasing concentration of wealth and power in the hands of a few was leading to social inequality and unrest. They offered various plans for change in order to address these issues and create a more equitable society.Rate this question:
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- 9.
The Great Railroad Strike of 1877
- A.
Had little impact in America.
- B.
Was evidence of worker solidarity and the close ties between industry and the Republican Party.
- C.
Was a victory for labor.
- D.
Saw little violence.
- E.
Was confined only to New England.
Correct Answer
B. Was evidence of worker solidarity and the close ties between industry and the Republican Party.Explanation
The Great Railroad Strike of 1877 was evidence of worker solidarity and the close ties between industry and the Republican Party. This strike, which began due to wage cuts in the railroad industry, spread across the country and involved thousands of workers. It was the first major national labor action in the United States and demonstrated the collective power of workers in fighting for their rights. Additionally, the strike revealed the close relationship between industry and the Republican Party, as many business leaders and politicians supported the use of force to suppress the strike.Rate this question:
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- 10.
The Grange was an organization that:
- A.
Was an inclusive organization that advocated for a vast array of reforms
- B.
Was evidence of working solidarity and the close ties between industry and the Republican party
- C.
Standardize the transport of animal feed between states
- D.
created a merit system for government workers
- E.
Established cooperatives for storing and marketing farm output.
Correct Answer
E. Established cooperatives for storing and marketing farm output.Explanation
The correct answer is "established cooperatives for storing and marketing farm output." The Grange was an organization that aimed to improve the economic and social conditions of farmers. One of their main initiatives was to establish cooperatives, which allowed farmers to pool their resources together for the storage and marketing of their agricultural products. This cooperative system helped farmers to have more control over the prices of their products and to have a stronger bargaining power in the market.Rate this question:
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- 11.
The Social Gospel
- A.
Sought to improve conditions through cooperatives.
- B.
Called for an equalization of wealth and power.
- C.
Were inspired by the growing fear of class warfare.
- D.
was provoked by the 1886 bombing at a Chicago labor rally.
Correct Answer
B. Called for an equalization of wealth and power.Explanation
The Social Gospel movement aimed to address social issues and improve conditions by advocating for an equalization of wealth and power. It believed that society should work towards creating a more equitable distribution of resources and opportunities, ensuring that everyone has access to basic needs and a fair chance at success. This belief stemmed from the growing fear of class warfare and the recognition of the disparities between the rich and the poor. The movement sought to promote social justice and bring about positive change in society. The other options provided in the question are not accurate explanations for the Social Gospel movement.Rate this question:
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- 12.
In the nineteenth century, pools, trusts, and mergers were:
- A.
Ways that manufacturers sought to control the marketplace.
- B.
Ways manufacturers sought to control the market place.
- C.
Tended to favor the interests of industry over those of labor
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
A. Ways that manufacturers sought to control the marketplace.Explanation
In the nineteenth century, pools, trusts, and mergers were ways that manufacturers sought to control the marketplace. This means that manufacturers used these strategies to gain control over the market and dominate their competitors. These practices allowed manufacturers to collaborate and consolidate their power, leading to increased market control and potentially monopolistic behavior. This answer is correct as it accurately describes the role of pools, trusts, and mergers in the marketplace during the nineteenth century.Rate this question:
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- 13.
The Dawes Act of 1887:
- A.
Placed Indians on reservations.
- B.
Outlawed the killing of the buffalo
- C.
Was considered a success by the Indians.
- D.
Divided tribal lands into parcels of land for Indian families.
Correct Answer
D. Divided tribal lands into parcels of land for Indian families.Explanation
The Dawes Act of 1887 was a federal law that aimed to assimilate Native Americans into mainstream American society. It divided tribal lands into individual allotments, assigning parcels of land to Indian families. This was done with the intention of encouraging private land ownership and farming among Native Americans, ultimately leading to their assimilation. However, the act had devastating consequences as it resulted in the loss of millions of acres of tribal land and the erosion of Native American culture and sovereignty.Rate this question:
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- 14.
The first billion-dollar enterprise corporation was:
- A.
Telephone
- B.
U.S. Steel.
- C.
Standard Oil
- D.
Eastern Railroad
Correct Answer
B. U.S. Steel.Explanation
U.S. Steel is the correct answer because it was the first corporation to have a market capitalization of over one billion dollars. It was formed in 1901 through the merger of several steel companies and quickly became one of the largest and most profitable companies in the United States. Its success and size made it a symbol of the rise of big business and the dominance of corporations in the early 20th century.Rate this question:
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- 15.
The Interstate Commerce Commission was established in 1887 to:
- A.
Ensure that railroads charged farmers and merchants reasonable and fair rates
- B.
The original transcontinental railroad, commissioned by Congress, which is built its rail line west from Omaha.
- C.
Were international corporations
- D.
Oil companies charged the people a reasonable price
Correct Answer
A. Ensure that railroads charged farmers and merchants reasonable and fair ratesExplanation
The Interstate Commerce Commission was established in 1887 to ensure that railroads charged farmers and merchants reasonable and fair rates. This was done to protect the interests of these groups and prevent exploitation by the railroads. The commission was given the authority to regulate and oversee the rates, practices, and services of the railroads to ensure fairness and prevent monopolistic behavior. This was an important step in promoting economic fairness and preventing discrimination against certain industries or regions.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller:
- A.
Faced no criticism for their business practices.
- B.
Advocated government regulation of business.
- C.
Were both immigrants.
- D.
Built up giant corporations that dominated their respective markets.
Correct Answer
D. Built up giant corporations that dominated their respective markets.Explanation
Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller built up giant corporations that dominated their respective markets. This means that they were able to establish and expand their businesses to such an extent that they had a significant influence and control over their industries. This dominance would have likely resulted in limited competition and allowed them to amass great wealth and power. It also suggests that their business practices were successful and effective in achieving their goals. However, it does not necessarily mean that they faced no criticism for their practices or advocated government regulation of business, as these aspects are not mentioned in the given information.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Elections during the Gilded Age:
- A.
Suffered from low voter turnout.
- B.
Were generally quiet affairs with few rallies or speeches.
- C.
Brought an end to Democratic control of the South.
- D.
Were closely contested affairs.
- E.
Suffered from a lack of party loyalty among voters.
Correct Answer
D. Were closely contested affairs.Explanation
During the Gilded Age, elections were closely contested affairs. This means that the competition between candidates and parties was intense, with no clear winner or dominant force. The Gilded Age was marked by rapid industrialization and economic growth, which led to various social and political changes. As a result, different factions and interest groups emerged, creating a highly competitive political landscape. This increased competition made elections closely contested, as candidates and parties vied for support and power.Rate this question:
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- 18.
In How the Other Half Lives, Jacob Riis:
- A.
Provided a fictional account of life in 1890
- B.
Focused on the wretched conditions of New York City slums.
- C.
Highlighted the benefits of the second industrial revolution.
- D.
Wrote about captains of industry.
Correct Answer
B. Focused on the wretched conditions of New York City slums.Explanation
In How the Other Half Lives, Jacob Riis focused on the wretched conditions of New York City slums. This can be inferred from the title of the book itself, as well as from the fact that Riis was a journalist and photographer who documented the living conditions of the poor in the city during the late 19th century. The book aimed to bring attention to the dire living conditions and poverty experienced by the lower classes, and to advocate for social reform.Rate this question:
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- 19.
The Civil Service Act of 1883:
- A.
Created a merit system for government workers.
- B.
Favored candidates with political influence.
- C.
Was passed in response to the assassination of President Lincoln.
- D.
Applied only to elected officeholders.
Correct Answer
A. Created a merit system for government workers.Explanation
The Civil Service Act of 1883 created a merit system for government workers. This means that instead of favoring candidates with political influence, government jobs would be awarded based on merit and qualifications. The act was not passed in response to the assassination of President Lincoln, and it applied to all government workers, not just elected officeholders.Rate this question:
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- 20.
William M. Tweed was a(n):
- A.
Corrupt landlord of tenement-style urban residences in Pittsburgh.
- B.
Socialist who ran for mayor of New York on the Labor Party ticket.
- C.
political boss who, although corrupt, provided important services to New Yorkers.
- D.
infamous precinct worker in Chicago who made millions off the immigrants.
Correct Answer
C. political boss who, although corrupt, provided important services to New Yorkers.Explanation
William M. Tweed was a political boss who, although corrupt, provided important services to New Yorkers. This is evident from his role as the leader of Tammany Hall, a powerful political machine in New York City during the late 19th century. Tweed used his influence and control over the Democratic Party to gain wealth and power through corrupt practices such as bribery and fraud. However, he also implemented various public works projects and social welfare programs that benefited the city and its residents. Despite his corruption, Tweed's ability to deliver services to the people of New York earned him support and loyalty from many.Rate this question:
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- 21.
The Knights of Labor regarded inequalities of wealth and power as a growing threat to American democracy.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The Knights of Labor believed that the increasing disparities in wealth and power posed a significant danger to the principles of American democracy. They saw the concentration of wealth in the hands of a few as a threat to the rights and well-being of the majority. The organization advocated for economic and social reforms to address these inequalities and create a more equitable society. Their stance on this issue aligns with the statement that inequalities of wealth and power were viewed as a growing threat to American democracy.Rate this question:
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Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
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