Respiratory Histology Quiz: Trivia
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- 1.Intrapulmonary bronchi and bronchioles share which ONE of the following properties?
- A.
Amount of cartilage
- B.
Type of epithelium
- C.
Association with pulmonary arteries
- D.
Association with sub-mucosal glands
- E.
Diameter
- 2.All of the following statements about the respiratory system are correct EXCEPT:
- A.
Clara cells are found only in the bronchiolar epithelium
- B.
The larynx contains hyaline cartilage, smooth muscle and stratified squamous epithelium
- C.
The surfactant lining of the aveoli is produced by Type II pneumocytes
- D.
Most of the inside surface of alveoli is lined with Type I pneumocytes
- E.
. Mucociliary clearance involves goblet cells, ciliated epithelial cells and/ submucosal glands
- 3.Which of the following is a function characteristically associated with "respiratory epithelium"?
- A.
Trapping of particles from passing air for elimination by swallowing
- B.
Transmission of oxygen from air into subepithelial capillaries
- C.
Use of ciliated epithelial cells to sense odors in passing air
- D.
Protection of the luminal surface of vocal folds
- E.
Secretion of surfactant
- 4.Air inhaled through the nose is "conditioned" to protect the tissues of the deeper airways. For conditioning, the air, nasal tissue possesses all of the following features EXCEPT:
- A.
Secretions supplied from goblet cells in the epithelium
- B.
Generation of heat by mitochondria in the basal cells of the respiratory epithelium
- C.
Secretions from sero-mucous glands in the subepithelial connective tissues
- D.
. venous plexuses at selected places in the subepithelial connective tissues
- 5.All of the following statements about the respiratory system are correct EXCEPT:
- A.
Vocal folds contain elastic fibers, skeletal muscle and stratified squamous epithelium
- B.
The surfactant in the alveoli is produced by Type II pneumocytes
- C.
Most of the inside surface of alveoli is lined with Type I pneumocytes
- D.
Trachealis muscle contracts during inhalation
- E.
Mucociliary clearance involves goblet cells, ciliated epithelial cells and submucosal glands.
- 6.The large numbers of alveolar macrophages which migrate into lumens of alveoli are derived from
- A.
Fibroblasts in the interalveolar septa
- B.
Dendritic cells of lymphoid tissue
- C.
Type II alveolar epithelial cells
- D.
Monocytes in circulating blood
- E.
Smooth muscle cells of pulmonary arteries
- 7.Both goblet cells and ciliated epithelial cells occur in all of the following EXCEPT
- A.
Nasal cavity
- B.
Trachea
- C.
Bronchi
- D.
Alveoli
- 8.
- A.
Smooth muscle in their walls to help expel air depleted of oxygen
- B.
Ciliated epithelial cells
- C.
Surfaces coated with a detergent-like material to facilitate alveolar inflation
- D.
Imperforate walls between adjacent alveoli to retard the spread of pathogenic organisms
- E.
An epithelial lining incapable of regenerating itself after injury
- 9.Capillaries of pulmonary alveoli are
- A.
Fenestrated to enhance uptake of air from the alveolar lumen
- B.
Larger in diameter than average systemic capillaries
- C.
Separated from air solely by their own epithelium and basal lamina
- D.
Typically surrounded by dense concentrations of lymphocytes
- 10."Respiratory" (i.e., ciliated pseudostratified columnar) epithelium is found in all of the following structures EXCEPT
- A.
Nasal cavity
- B.
Trachea
- C.
Extrapulmonary bronchi
- D.
Intrapulmonary bronchi
- E.
Bronchioles
- 11.Which of the following is characterized by the presence of both skeletal muscle and cartilage?
- A.
Nasal cavity
- B.
Larynx
- C.
Trachea
- D.
Bronchioles
- E.
Alveoli
- 12.Bronchioles differ from bronchi in all of the following respects EXCEPT
- A.
Absence of cartilage
- B.
Presence of smooth muscle
- C.
Type of epithelium
- D.
Presence of Clara cells
- E.
Absence of sub-mucosal glands
- 13.Which of the following portions of the respiratory tract lack smooth muscle?
- A.
Trachea
- B.
Bronchi
- C.
Bronchioles
- D.
Alveolar Ducts
- E.
Alveoli
- 14.All of the following are characteristics of capillaries found within the alveolar septa EXCEPT
- A.
They have larger diameter than most capillaries
- B.
They have lower pressure than most capillaries
- C.
They are somatic, continuous capillaries
- D.
There is transport across the capillary wall using membranous vesicles
- E.
They lack a basement membrane
- 15.A unique feature of the olfactory epithelium is the presence of
- A.
Goblet cells
- B.
Neurons that are replaced throughout life
- C.
Hair cells
- D.
Receptors for taste
- E.
Clara cells
- 16.Respiratory epithelium and olfactory epithelium are alike in which of the following properties?
- A.
Both contain goblet cells
- B.
Both are pseudostratified epithelia
- C.
Both contain bipolar sensory neurons
- D.
Both contain cells with motile cilia
- E.
Both contain Clara cells
- 17.All of the following are characteristics of Type II pneumocytes EXCEPT
- A.
Contain organelles called lamellar bodies
- B.
Secrete surfactant
- C.
Phagocytose particulates reaching the alveoli
- D.
Form tight junctions with Type I pneumocytes
- E.
Divide to produce both Type I and Type II cells
- 18.In order for oxygen in the inspired air to reach hemoglobin, it must diffuse across all of the following structures EXCEPT
- A.
Layer of surfactant
- B.
An endothelial cell
- C.
A Type I pneumocyte
- D.
One or more smooth muscle cells
- E.
The plasma membrane of the erythrocyte
- 19.
- A.
Both the filtration barrier and the gas diffusion barrier contain two epithelial layers
- B.
Glomerular capillaries are fenetrated capillaries while alveolar capillaries are continuous capillaries
- C.
Alveolar capillaries have a smaller diameter and a higher hydrostatic pressure than glomerular capillaries
- D.
Both the filtration barrier and the gas diffusion barrier include at least one basement membrane
- E.
Type I pneumocytes in the alveolus are connected by tight (sealing) junctions while the glomerular podocytes are not
- 20.Oxygen diffuses from the alveolar cavity into the blood in the alveolar capillaries to become linked to red cell hemoglobin, and carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood into the alveolar air. To cross the air-blood barrier the minimum number of plasma membranes would be:
- A.
3
- B.
4
- C.
5
- D.
6
- 21.Lamellar bodies are present in the air-blood barrier cell:
- A.
Type I pneumocyte
- B.
Type II pneumocyte
- C.
Clara
- D.
Neuroendocrine
- E.
Macrophage
- 22.A complex mixture of phospholipids (mainly dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine), carbohydrates (glycosaminoglycans) and proteins:
- A.
Air-blood barrier interstitium
- B.
Capillary endothelial space
- C.
Surfactant
- D.
Neuroendocrine cell
- E.
Submucosal bronchial gland
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