Quiz 1 - Basic Nutrition

Jamu is not considered a source of nutrition because it is a traditional herbal medicine from Indonesia. While it may have some health benefits, it is not classified as a nutrient like carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, and minerals, which are essential for the body's growth and functioning.

Vitamins that are soluble in water are known as water-soluble vitamins. These vitamins can dissolve in water and are easily excreted from the body through urine, so they need to be replenished regularly. Vitamin B and Vitamin C are examples of water-soluble vitamins. They play important roles in various bodily functions, such as energy production, immune system support, and collagen synthesis. Vitamin B includes a group of eight different vitamins, including B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B9, and B12, while Vitamin C is a single vitamin, also known as ascorbic acid.

Nutrisi penghasil energi terdiri dari karbohidrat, protein, dan lemak. Karbohidrat adalah sumber utama energi dalam tubuh, sedangkan protein berperan dalam pembentukan dan pemeliharaan jaringan tubuh. Lemak juga merupakan sumber energi yang penting dan berperan dalam fungsi tubuh yang beragam. Vitamin dan mineral, meskipun penting untuk kesehatan, bukanlah sumber energi utama. Oleh karena itu, jawaban yang tepat adalah karbohidrat, protein, dan lemak.

The given answer is the only option that does not include any source of carbohydrates. Umbi-umbian, kacang-kacangan, sayuran umbi, and padi-padian are all sources of carbohydrates. Sagu, mie, and beras are also sources of carbohydrates. However, susu, daging, and keju do not contain significant amounts of carbohydrates. Therefore, the correct answer is Umbi-umbian, Susu, Daging, Keju.

Vitamins A, D, E, and K are soluble in fat or oil. This means that they can dissolve and be stored in fatty tissues and are better absorbed when consumed with fat-containing foods. These vitamins play important roles in various bodily functions. Vitamin A is essential for vision, immune function, and cell growth. Vitamin D helps with calcium absorption and bone health. Vitamin E is an antioxidant that protects cells from damage. Vitamin K is necessary for blood clotting.

The correct answer is 20.06 dan kategori Normal Range. The Body Mass Index (BMI) is calculated by dividing the weight (in kilograms) by the square of the height (in meters). In this case, Sisca's weight is 58 kg and her height is 170 cm (which is 1.70 meters). Therefore, her BMI is calculated as 58 / (1.70^2) = 20.06. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification, a BMI between 18.5 and 24.9 is considered within the normal range. Since Sisca's BMI falls within this range, she is categorized as having a normal weight.

Vitamin D is needed to help the absorption of calcium. Calcium is an essential mineral for bone health and vitamin D plays a crucial role in ensuring that calcium is properly absorbed and utilized by the body. Without sufficient levels of vitamin D, the body may struggle to absorb calcium efficiently, leading to potential issues such as weak bones and increased risk of fractures. Therefore, it is important to have an adequate intake of vitamin D to support the absorption of calcium and maintain overall bone health.

The factors that affect health include the environment, healthcare, lifestyle, and genetics. These factors play a significant role in determining a person's overall health and well-being. The environment, such as air and water quality, can impact an individual's health. Access to healthcare services and the quality of care received also contribute to overall health. Lifestyle choices, such as diet, exercise, and habits like smoking or alcohol consumption, can have a profound impact on health outcomes. Additionally, genetics and family history play a role in determining a person's susceptibility to certain health conditions or diseases.

The statement "Air memberikan kalori" is incorrect because air does not provide calories. Calories come from the consumption of food and beverages that contain macronutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Air does not contain any macronutrients and therefore does not contribute to calorie intake.

HDL (high-density lipoproteins) dikenal sebagai kolesterol "baik" karena berfungsi mengangkut kolesterol dari sel-sel yang telah mati. Oleh karena itu, sebaiknya dikonsumsi dalam jumlah lebih banyak, bukan dalam jumlah sedikit.

The correct answer is Susu fortifikasi, kuning telur, hati, salmon. These foods are good sources of vitamin D. Vitamin D is important for maintaining healthy bones, as it helps the body absorb calcium. Fortified milk is a common source of vitamin D, as well as fatty fish like salmon. Yolks of eggs and liver are also good sources.

Lemak menghasilkan 9 kkal per gram. Lemak adalah salah satu jenis nutrisi yang paling tinggi kalorinya, dengan 9 kkal per gram. Kalori dari lemak digunakan oleh tubuh sebagai sumber energi yang penting. Oleh karena itu, jika mengonsumsi makanan yang tinggi lemak, jumlah kalori yang dikonsumsi juga akan meningkat.

Iron (Fe) is the mineral that is essential for the formation of red blood cells. Iron plays a crucial role in the production of hemoglobin, a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen to tissues and organs throughout the body. Without sufficient iron, the body cannot produce an adequate amount of healthy red blood cells, leading to a condition called iron deficiency anemia. Therefore, iron is necessary for the proper functioning and formation of red blood cells.

Vitamin yang larut dalam air adalah vitamin B dan vitamin C. Vitamin B terdiri dari beberapa jenis seperti B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B9, dan B12. Vitamin B larut dalam air dan tidak dapat disimpan dalam tubuh dalam jumlah yang signifikan. Vitamin C juga larut dalam air dan tidak dapat disimpan dalam tubuh. Kedua jenis vitamin ini harus dikonsumsi secara teratur melalui makanan atau suplemen.

The given answer is "Klaim Kandungan Nutrisi, Klaim Fungsional, Klaim Kesehatan." This is because these are common claims found on food labels. "Klaim Kandungan Nutrisi" refers to claims about the nutritional content of the food, such as "high in fiber" or "good source of vitamins." "Klaim Fungsional" refers to claims about the specific functions or benefits of the food, such as "boosts immunity" or "supports digestion." "Klaim Kesehatan" refers to claims about the overall health benefits of the food, such as "heart-healthy" or "promotes weight loss."

The correct answer states that probiotics are live microorganisms that, when consumed in appropriate amounts, can have a beneficial effect on the body's health. This explanation aligns with the commonly accepted definition of probiotics, which are known for their ability to improve digestion, support the immune system, and promote overall gut health.

The correct answer is ±60%. This means that the amount of water in the human body is approximately 60% of the total body weight. Water is essential for various bodily functions and is found in cells, blood, and other bodily fluids. The percentage may vary slightly depending on factors such as age, sex, and body composition, but on average, it is around 60%.

Mencegah sariawan bukan merupakan manfaat fiber bagi kesehatan. Fiber biasanya dikaitkan dengan manfaat menjaga kesehatan saluran cerna, mencegah kanker, dan menjaga berat badan. Namun, tidak ada hubungan langsung antara konsumsi serat dengan mencegah sariawan.

Karbohidrat membantu proses pencernaan (defekasi) karena mereka memberikan serat yang diperlukan oleh tubuh. Serat membantu melunakkan tinja dan mempercepat gerakan usus, sehingga memudahkan proses pembuangan sisa makanan yang tidak dibutuhkan oleh tubuh. Dengan demikian, karbohidrat membantu menjaga kesehatan saluran pencernaan dan mencegah masalah sembelit.

Omega 3 memiliki banyak manfaat untuk kesehatan, termasuk menurunkan risiko penyakit jantung dan stroke, mencegah kehilangan memori, dan mencegah depresi. Namun, omega 3 tidak berperan langsung dalam pembuatan hormon dan neurotransmitter. Meskipun omega 3 penting untuk kesehatan otak, hormon dan neurotransmitter diproduksi oleh tubuh melalui proses yang melibatkan nutrisi lainnya.

Prebiotik adalah nutrisi yang tidak dapat dicerna langsung oleh tubuh dan dapat meningkatkan populasi mikroorganisme baik dalam tubuh. Ini berarti bahwa prebiotik memberikan makanan bagi mikroorganisme baik, seperti bakteri probiotik, yang hidup di saluran pencernaan. Dengan meningkatkan populasi mikroorganisme baik, prebiotik dapat memberikan efek menyehatkan terhadap tubuh.

The incorrect statement about vitamins is that they are needed in large quantities. Vitamins are actually required in small amounts by the body for various physiological processes. Consuming excessive amounts of vitamins can lead to toxicity and adverse health effects. Therefore, it is important to maintain a balanced and moderate intake of vitamins through a varied diet.

Lemak tidak berperan dalam proses respirasi. Proses respirasi melibatkan penggunaan oksigen dan produksi energi dalam bentuk ATP. Lemak digunakan sebagai sumber energi alternatif ketika glukosa tidak tersedia, tetapi tidak secara langsung terlibat dalam proses respirasi itu sendiri.

The correct answer is 2, 4, 6. This is because statement number 2 states that insoluble fiber is not soluble in water, statement number 4 states that it provides a bulky effect, and statement number 6 states that it can help with constipation and prevent diverticulosis.

Vitamin B6 has several benefits, including being necessary for the metabolism of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates, as well as for the production of hormones and neurotransmitters. It also helps in maintaining the immune system. However, it does not directly aid in the process of digestion or defecation.

The correct answer is Daging, pisang, kentang, alpukat. These food sources are rich in Vitamin B6.

Mineral berfungsi sebagai bahan pembentuk jaringan atau komponen dalam tubuh karena mineral merupakan nutrisi yang diperlukan untuk pembentukan tulang, gigi, dan jaringan tubuh lainnya. Mineral seperti kalsium, fosfor, dan magnesium adalah contoh mineral yang penting untuk pertumbuhan dan pemeliharaan jaringan tubuh. Mineral juga berperan dalam fungsi seluler dan sistem saraf, serta membantu dalam pembentukan enzim dan hormon. Dengan demikian, mineral berperan penting dalam menjaga kesehatan dan fungsi tubuh secara keseluruhan.

Prebiotik adalah bahan makanan yang tidak dapat dicerna oleh tubuh manusia, tetapi dapat merangsang pertumbuhan dan aktivitas bakteri baik dalam saluran pencernaan. Prebiotik memiliki beberapa manfaat, termasuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan bakteri baik, meningkatkan penyerapan beberapa mineral penting, dan secara selektif menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri patogen. Namun, prebiotik tidak memiliki manfaat dalam meningkatkan penyerapan protein.

The correct answer is "Lemak Simpanan dan Lemak Struktural." This is because the question is asking for the types of fats based on their biological functions. "Lemak Simpanan" refers to storage fats, which are stored in adipose tissues and serve as an energy reserve. "Lemak Struktural" refers to structural fats, which are essential components of cell membranes and play a role in maintaining the structure and function of cells.

Calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and fluorine (F) are minerals that are essential for the formation and maintenance of bones and teeth. Calcium provides the structural support for bones and teeth, while phosphorus helps in the formation of the mineral component of bones and teeth. Fluorine helps to strengthen tooth enamel and prevent tooth decay. Therefore, the combination of calcium, phosphorus, and fluorine is necessary for the proper development and health of bones and teeth.