Psychology - Life Span - Chapters 3 - 4 - Credit Quizzes
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Psychology 237 Life Span
- 1.Approximately how many genes are contained in the human genome?
- A.
2.5 Million
- B.
250,000
- C.
2,500
- D.
25,000
- 2.Identify the accurate statement:
- A.
Each triplet is the genetic code for a human being
- B.
Every cell contains 46 pairs of genomes
- C.
There are four types of protein, symbolized as A, T, C, and G
- D.
A gene is a section of DNA that contains instructions for a particular protein
- 3.Each gene contains instructions for specific proteins. What does a protein contain?
- A.
At least one X chromosome
- B.
Amino acids
- C.
A gene series
- D.
A chromosomal pattern
- 4.The first hours and days of human development involve the processes of:
- A.
Division, multiplication, and specialization
- B.
Duplication, specialization, and progression
- C.
Duplication, division, and differentiation
- D.
Differentiation, division, and centralization
- 5.An organism's entire genetic inheritance is referred to as its:
- A.
Phenotype
- B.
Gamete
- C.
Genome
- D.
Genotype
- 6.An individual with at least one X chromosome in the twenty-third pair:
- A.
Must be a boy
- B.
Might be a boy
- C.
Cannot be a boy
- D.
Is a girl
- 7.Some families have only male offspring generation after generation. Given the text information about genetics, which of the following could be the explanation?
- A.
The men produce sperm with healthy Y, but unhealthy X chromosomes
- B.
The men produce sperm with healthy X, but unhealthy Y chromosomes
- C.
The women produce ova with healthy Y, but unhealthy X chromosomes
- D.
The women produce ova with healthy X, but unhealthy Y chromosomes
- 8.Phenotype is a result of:
- A.
Neither genetics nor environment
- B.
Genetics only
- C.
Both genetics and environment
- D.
Environment only
- 9.Approximately 99 percent of human genes are also present in other creatures. Given the percentage of genes we share with cats, for example, why are we so different from them?
- A.
Only humans possess chromosomes
- B.
Other animals have only 5,000 genes
- C.
Humanoid genes are absent in other species
- D.
Regulator genes that regulate genetic interaction determine the difference
- 10.Imagine that eye color is determined by only one pair of genes and that brown eyes are dominant over blue eyes. If you are blue-eyed and both your parents are brown-eyed, you know that:
- A.
Both your parents are carriers for blue eyes
- B.
You were adopted
- C.
You have at least one gene for brown eyes
- D.
Both your parents are carriers for brown eyes
- 11.Fraternal twins usually result from:
- A.
One ova that split in half
- B.
Sperm from two different fathers
- C.
A zygote splitting during the first two weeks after conception
- D.
Two ova that were fertilized at about the same time
- 12.Given a set of quadruplets consisting of two girls and two boys, AT LEAST how many ova had to be fertilized?
- A.
One
- B.
Two
- C.
Three
- D.
Four
- 13.Chromosomal abnormalities occur when a zygote's cells have:
- A.
More or fewer than the usual 46 chromosomes
- B.
Gametes with 46 chromosomes
- C.
The usual 46 chromosomes
- D.
The usual 46 chromosomes with damage to at least eight
- 14.Alcoholism is caused by:
- A.
The influence of culture
- B.
A personality defect and weak moral character
- C.
Genetic and environmental factors
- D.
An addictive personality
- 15.Studies show that early skin contact between parents and newborns is not necessary for the development of a strong parent-infant bond.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 16.X-linked diseases are more common for females than for males, because females have two X chromosomes.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 17.During the germinal period, the first task of the outer cells is to:
- A.
Divide as rapidly as possible
- B.
Implant in the uterus
- C.
Differentiate into different types of tissue
- D.
Find a permanent location in the ovaries
- 18.When the blastocyst separates into two distinct masses approximately a week after conception, the masses will become the:
- A.
Stem cells and the neural cells
- B.
Placenta and the embryo
- C.
Heart and the brain
- D.
Germinal cells and the fetal cells
- 19.Babies born between 23 and 26 weeks after conception often experience challenges such as cerebral palsy and developmental delays. By about the age of 8, the percentage of children who experience no overall disability approximates:
- A.
10%
- B.
15%
- C.
20%
- D.
30%
- 20.The fetus begins to develop male sex organs if:
- A.
The Y chromosome sends a biochemical signal
- B.
The X chromosome sends a biochemical signal
- C.
The master signal from the Y chromosome overrides the X signal
- D.
No biochemical signal is received
- 21.Identify the psychoactive drug that slows fetal growth the most:
- A.
Cocaine
- B.
Marijuana
- C.
Alcohol
- D.
Tobacco
- 22.Because Lora is pregnant, she drinks only one glass of wine a day and smokes fewer cigarettes than previously. She should be told that:
- A.
Only her smoking may represent a risk
- B.
Each drug might intensify the effects of the other
- C.
This will definitely cause serious damage
- D.
She is taking careful precautions
- 23.Males have a greater genetic vulnerability to harm by teratogens because they:
- A.
Are generally considered to be the weaker sex
- B.
Are spontaneously aborted less frequently than females
- C.
Tend to exhibit more behavior problems than females
- D.
Lack the protection of two X chromosomes
- 24.Lee is an obstetrical nurse who is administering the Apgar. Which reaction should be rated as a 2?
- A.
Inactive or weak muscle tone
- B.
Slow respiration
- C.
Coughing or sneezing
- D.
Pulse of 90
- 25.A condition characterized by difficulties in movement and speech that results from genetic vulnerability and anoxia during birth is:
- A.
Cerebral palsy
- B.
Asperger syndrome
- C.
Fetal alcohol syndrome
- D.
Schizophrenia
- 26.Molecules of DNA are referred to as:
- A.
Cells
- B.
Adenine
- C.
Genes
- D.
Chromosomes
- 27.Each gene contains instructions for specific proteins. What does a protein contain?
- A.
Amino acids
- B.
A gene series
- C.
A chromosomal pattern
- D.
At least one X chromosome
- 28.Because most traits are polygenic, they are:
- A.
Constantly changing
- B.
Produced by many genes
- C.
Unaffected by the environment
- D.
The result of dominant genes
- 29.Monozygotic twins are produced when:
- A.
One ovum is fertilized by two sperm, which causes a split
- B.
Two ova are fertilized by different sperm
- C.
One ovum is fertilized by one sperm, but then splits to form two halves
- D.
Two ova are fertilized by a single sperm
- 30.A woman has just had twins, a boy and a girl. That means they came from:
- A.
One ovum fertilized by two sperm
- B.
Two ova fertilized by one sperm
- C.
A zygote that split into two
- D.
Two ova fertilized by two sperm
- 31.The proportion of all zygotes that have an abnormal number of chromosomes is about:
- A.
One-half
- B.
One-third
- C.
One-fourth
- D.
Three-fourths
- 32.Cloning differs from giving birth to monozygotic twins because:
- A.
The process involves two living creatures developing simultaneously
- B.
The process involves removing a cell from one living creature and making it develop into another living creature
- C.
The process involves splitting the zygote in half to produce two genetically identical creatures
- D.
The process involves implanting the embryonic offspring of two creatures into one host
- 33.The critical factor in attaining the age of viability is:
- A.
Weighing at least 5 pounds (2.3 kg)
- B.
Surviving at least 28 weeks past conception
- C.
Having adequate brain development
- D.
Having functioning digestive and respiratory systems
- 34.Mariel contracted rubella early in her pregnancy. Damage is most likely to affect the embryo's:
- A.
Eyes
- B.
Bloodstream
- C.
Breathing
- D.
Teeth
- E.
Arms and legs
- 35.Brain damage, loss of vision, and mental retardation which may be caused by eating undercooked meat and handling cat feces or garden dirt is attributable to:
- A.
German measles
- B.
Toxoplasmosis
- C.
Syphilis
- D.
Lead or mercury pollution
- 36.Reed weighed 3.5 pounds at birth. Now an adult, he was surprised to learn from his physician that some risks associated with his birthweight persists. Specifically, he is still at a relatively high risk for:
- A.
Learning disabilities
- B.
Alcoholism and drug abuse
- C.
Obesity and heart problems
- D.
Schizophrenia
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